• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.64-76
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• 2020

Purpose: Several screening tools have been developed to identify sarcopenia in rural community-dwelling older adults. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of two such tools, namely the SARC-F and SARC-CalF assessments. Methods: This cross-sectional study on 388 community-dwelling older adults comprised 254 women and 134 men with a mean age of 77.8 ± 6.26 year in Korea. We assessed muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance using a bioimpedance analysis device, hydraulic hand dynamometer, and 4 m gait speed test, respectively. Three widely-used diagnostic criteria [the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, and the International Working Group on Sarcopenia] were applied. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed on the SARC-CalF and SARC-F tests. We used receiver-operating characteristic curves and the area under the curves (AUCs) to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the assessments with regard to sarcopenia. Results: An analysis using four sets of diagnostic criteria showed that the prevalence of sarcopenia was 27.6% to 41.0%. Using the AWGS 2019 criteria as a reference standard, the SARC-CalF had a sensitivity of 83.02% and a specificity of 53.71% in the entire study population, whereas the SARC-F had a sensitivity of 79.87% and a specificity of 41.92%. The AUCs for the SARC-CalF and SARC-F tests were 0.725 (95% confidence interval 0.678-0.769) and 0.645 (95% confidence interval 0.595-0.693), respectively (p<001). In the analyses using the other three diagnostic criteria, similarity was also confirmed. Conclusion: SARC-CalF showed better sensitivity than did SARC-F when diagnosing sarcopenia in rural community-dwelling older adults. Further studies are needed to verify this finding in different populations.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.863-879
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• 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be noninvasively diagnosed on the basis of its characteristic imaging findings of arterial phase enhancement and portal/delayed "washout" on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in cirrhotic patients. However, different specific diagnostic criteria have been proposed by several countries and major academic societies. In 2018, major guideline updates were proposed by the Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), Korean Liver Cancer Association and National Cancer Center (KLCA-NCC) of Korea. In addition to dynamic CT and MRI using extracellular contrast media, these new guidelines now include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using hepatobiliary contrast media as the first-line diagnostic test, while the KLCA-NCC and EASL guidelines also include contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as the second-line diagnostic test. Therefore, hepatobiliary MR contrast media and CEUS will be increasingly used for the noninvasive diagnosis and staging of HCC. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of hepatobiliary phase MRI and CEUS for the diagnosis of HCC and also review the changes in the HCC diagnostic criteria in major guidelines, including the KLCA-NCC practice guidelines version 2018. In addition, we aimed to pay particular attention to some remaining issues in the noninvasive diagnosis of HCC.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2016

목적: 다른 진단기준의 적용이 폭주부족의 빈도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 평균 나이 22.54세(20~27세)의 81명을 대상으로 평가하였다. 굴절검사 후 조절성 시표에 의한 폭주근점(NPC)검사, 폰 그래페에 의한 사위검사, 포롭터에 의한 양성융합이향운동(PFV)검사를 실시하였다. 근거리 외사위가 원거리 사위보다 큰 기준($exo{\geq}4{\Delta}$, >$6{\Delta}$), 융합이향운동 기준(PFV의 흐린점 ${\leq}11{\Delta}$, PFV의 분리점 ${\leq}15{\Delta}$, 쉐어드기준, 퍼시발 기준), 폭주근점 기준($NPC{\geq}6cm$, ${\geq}7.5cm$, >10 cm)을 이용하여 폭주부족을 진단하였다. 결과: 하나의 진단기준에 의한 폭주부족 빈도는 6.2%~77.8%의 범위로 분포하였고, 기준에 따라 과대평가되거나 과소평가되었다. 두 가지 이상의 진단기준에 의한 폭주부족 빈도는 6.2%~43.2%로 변동성이 줄어들었으며, 특히 사위 기준과 쉐어드를 포함하는 진단기준일 때 폭주부족의 빈도는 24.7%~28.4%로 줄어들어 낮은 변동성을 보였다. 점수 척도의 전체 징후와 사위, 측정 값의 사위와 쉐어드 기준의 상관관계가 각각 0.772와 -0.654로 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 폭주근점 기준은 변동성이 컸으며, 다른 진단기준과의 상관관계는 낮거나 유의하지 않았다. 징후에 따른 폭주부족의 진단기준과 적용순서로 $exo{\geq}4{\Delta}$, 쉐어드 기준, 폭주근점${\geq}7.5cm$로 제시한다. 결론: 폭주부족의 빈도는 진단기준에 따라 과대, 과소평가 될 가능성이 있다. 임상징후로서 사위, 쉐어드 기준과 폭주근점의 절단값과 절차는 폭주부족과 관련된 진단에서 명확하게 제시되어야 한다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2010

This study developed a settlement environment diagnostic indices (SEDI) of rural villages which can apply to analyze variable conditions of villages having development projects. The index consists of 5 diagnostic areas (first level) with 13 items (second level), including detail indices of 40 criteria (third level) defined by specialists' brainstorming process. In order to develop the index system, object-oriented approach was used to extract the 5 diagnostic areas (infra-basic settlement facility, life condition & environmental resources, industry & economic infrastructure, community, and residents) from rural villages. For the 40 criteria, it was introduced a quantification method that all villages have absolute values in national level, not relative value between villages within an unit area. The diagnostic diagram and table were developed to evaluate the villages compositively. The developed SEDI was applied to study areas, 56 villages in 2 subdivision areas of county, located on county of Keumsan. Applicability of the index system, database system should be developed with the surveying method of data in village level.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2019

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic value of eosinopenia and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the diagnosis of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neonatology Ward of R.D. Kandou General Hospital Manado between July and October 2017. Samples were obtained from all neonates meeting the inclusion criteria for EONS. Data were encoded using logistic regression analysis, the point-biserial correlation coefficient, chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, with a P value <0.05 considered significant. Results: Of 120 neonates who met the inclusion criteria, 73 (60.8%) were males and 47 (39.2%) were females. Ninety (75%) were included in the sepsis group and 30 (25%) in the nonsepsis group. The mean eosinophil count in EONS and non-EONS groups was $169.8{\pm}197.1cells/mm^3$ and $405.7{\pm}288.9cells/mm^3$, respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The diagnostic value of eosinopenia in the EONS group (cutoff point: $140cells/mm^3$) showed 60.0% sensitivity and 90.0% specificity. The mean NLR in EONS and non-EONS groups was $2.82{\pm}2.29$ and $0.82{\pm}0.32$, respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The diagnostic value of NLR in the EONS group (cutoff point, 1.24) showed 83.3% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity. Conclusion: Eosinopenia has high specificity as a diagnostic marker for EONS and an increased NLR has high sensitivity and specificity as a diagnostic marker for EONS.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.589-592
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• 2006

Atopic dermatitis is estimated to affect 15-20% of the childhood population and there id considerable evidence that the prevalence is increasing. But it is frequently under diagnosed and inappropriately treated yet. Atopic dermatitis can have a large social;. emotional and financial effect on the child and their family. Atopic dermatitis also commonly predated the development of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Therefore early diagnosis and proper treatment are the key for control the atopic dermatitis itself and modify the future repiratory allergies. This review will cover the new diagnostic criteria and treatment briefly.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.378-388
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• 2023

Background: With increasing interest in health in old age, aspects of oral aging are being considered. The Korean Academy of Geriatric Dentistry recently proposed the diagnostic criteria for oral frailty in older adults in Korea. This study aimed to conduct a cross-sectional survey of factors related to oral frailty among community-dwelling older adults and identify differences in oral frailty status according to age and sex. Methods: Among 217 older adults aged ≥60 years who visited a senior center in Wonju, 206 completed all tests for oral frailty. Among them, data from those with a Korean Version of the Modified Barthel Index score ≥90 were used in the final analysis. After evaluating oral frailty diagnostic factors such as chewing ability, occlusal force, tongue pressure, oral dryness, oral cleanliness, and swallowing function, oral hypofunction was determined according to the oral frailty diagnostic criteria. Subsequently, the evaluation results were compared based on sex and age. Results: Significant differences in chewing ability, maximum occlusal pressure, and maximum tongue pressure were observed between sexes. However, these differences did not affect oral frailty diagnosis. All diagnostic factors of oral frailty, except for the risk of oral dryness and swallowing dysfunction, showed significant differences with age. However, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of oral frailty. Additionally, this study found no relationship between sex and oral frailty factors using the oral frailty diagnostic criteria. However, it also found that age plays a significant role as an oral frailty diagnostic indicator, in addition to oral dryness and swallowing function. Conclusion: Sex and age did not affect oral frailty diagnosis. However, patients' chewing ability, occlusal force, and tongue pressure were affected by sex and age. Therefore, sex and age should be considered when diagnosing and intervening in oral frailty in the future.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2020

Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders image analysis criteria, assessed the severity of incidental osteoarthritic changes affecting the TMJ, and evaluated the correlations of sex and age with the prevalence and severity of TMJ-OA. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study assessed 145 randomly selected cone-beam computed tomography scans (261 TMJs) from the authors' institutional maxillofacial radiology archive following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The criteria described by Ahmad et al. were used to determine whether each TMJ was affected by OA, and the severity of the osteoarthritic changes was scored for each joint based on the method described by Alexiou et al. The chi-square, McNemar, Bhapkar chi-square, and Stuart-Maxwell chi-square tests were applied to evaluate the significance of the relationships between variables(age and sex). Results: Sixteen TMJs (6.1%) had no OA, 74 (28.6%) were indeterminate for OA, and 171 (65.5%) had OA. Flattening and sclerosis were observed in 86.6% and 12.3% of cases, respectively, while resorption was observed in 7.3% of the joints. Only 21 (8.1%) of the examined TMJs had subchondral cysts. Erosion of the articular eminence was observed in 58 (22.1%) cases, while sclerosis and resorption were found in 68 (25.9%) and 16 (6.1%) TMJs, respectively. Conclusion: Female patients had a higher prevalence and severity of TMJ-OA than male patients. The prevalence and severity of TMJ-OA increased with age, with peaks in the fifth and seventh decades of life.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine how analyzing movies, including mental symptoms, according to a certain method, might affect the understanding of psychiatric disorders. Methods: Forty-four oriental medicine students who had completed Korean medicine neuropsychiatric science were required to submit reports on episode analysis, psychiatric personal history investigation, diagnostic criteria, and the connection between Korean medicine and psychiatric diseases after watching a movie, including psychiatric symptoms. After submitting the report, a questionnaire related to understanding before and after watching the movie was asked to be filled out. Demographic survey, frequency analysis, and response sample t-test were performed based on 42 questionnaires. Results: Results of analyzing the questionnaire were as follows. 1. The average number of movies watched was three. 2. Psychiatric disorders and psychiatric symptoms, diagnostic criteria, psychiatric personal investigation, and understanding of the connection between Korean medicine and psychiatric diseases all increased statistically significantly. 3. A separate process might be needed to improve the understanding of psychiatric personal strength investigation and oriental medicine connection. Conclusions: Movie analysis, including individual mental symptoms, could improve students' understanding of psychiatric disorders in psychiatric symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and psychiatric personal investigation, but some students might need feedback.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.65-68
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• 2007

Objective : A new point of view on the chronic back pain proposed which is, named neuropathic back pain[NBP]. Some proposed a certain pain scale as an useful diagnostic tool. Before scientific verification, some doctors prescribed a new anticonvulsant for the NBP. We investigated diagnostic tools for NBP by a review of the literature. Methods : A comprehensive computer search of the English literature concerning neuropathic low back pain was performed using the key words such as neuropathic back pain and diagnosis in the PubMed. Results : In 1998, the term NBP was first used in a patient with lung cancer. In the English literature, there were two diagnostic methods for the NBP, Neuropathic pain scale[NPS] and a pharmacological test. NPS is a pain questionnaire, which depends on the patients' subjective reports on the given questions, such as 'how hot is your pain feel'. By the pharmacological test, NBP was defined as 50% or more decrease of pain on intravenous lidocaine and on local anesthetic epidurally. It also depends on the patients' subjective response to the therapy. Conclusion : There were still no reliable objective diagnostic criteria for the NBP. It seems to be better to reserve the new anticonvulsants for the NBP till scientific approval.