• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2023

교량에 발생하는 손상에 대한 관리 및 평가는 정기적인 점검으로 작성된 보고서와 외관조사망도 및 손상물량표를 포함한 점검 및 진단자료에 기초한다. 이러한 자료 대부분은 2D 기반의 문서형식으로 작성되어 있고, 표준화된 방식으로 디지털화하기 어려워 정해진 목적 외의 활용이 쉽지 않다. 이에 본 연구에서는 점검자료를 기반으로 손상을 포함한 BIM 기반 교량모델을 구축하는 방법을 제시하고, BIM 표준을 준용하는 유지관리용 건설정보교환표준인 COBie (Construction Operations Building Information Exchange)를 사용하여 모델로부터 도출한 스프레드시트 데이터 형식의 손상정보들을 교량모델과 연계하여 관리하고 활용하는 방법을 제시하였다. 또한 전술한 방법들을 이용해 손상이 발생한 교량 상부구조 각 부위별 상태등급을 디지털 데이터 기반으로 자동화된 방법으로 평가하는 방법을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 방법들은 PSC I형 콘크리트 교량의 상부구조를 대상으로 검증이 이루어졌으며 그 실효성이 검증되었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.171-184
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• 1993

In Seoul area, there are so many kennel clubs, veterinary hospital, pet establishment and breeding confers that various problems have occurred. They are crowed pet houses, poor sanitation, stress to puppies, sudden environmental changes to puppies and unvaccination against parvovirus, canine distemper virus, parainfluenza virus, infectious hepatitis caused by Adenovirus type I and Leptospira. Several studies were made to survey the infectious agents involved in acute diarrhea of poppies in Seoul are, such as history taking, physical examination, complete blood count and serum chemistry, histopathological finding, bacterial isolation and identification, and hemagglutination test in feces and hemagglutination inhibition test in serum against parvovirus, respectively. The results obtained are summarized as followed. 1. The percent of PCV (30.5$\pm$5.6) and concentration of Total protein(5.0$\pm$0.8) resulted from statistical analysis are significantly lower than normal values (p<0.05), respectively. In addition, fibrinogen (505$\pm$326) was significantly higher an normal value (p<0.001), Band neutrophil (22.9$\pm$12.7) showed signifiant difference (P<0.01). decreased monocyte (3.2$\pm$2.1) and eosinophil (0.7$\pm$0.8) values appeared statistically significant (p<0.001), lymphocyte (16.7$\pm$9), as well. 2. The concentrations of calcium .(8.0$\pm$2.8), glucose (40.1$\pm$31.4), and albumin (2.0$\pm$0.39) were lower than normal values (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.001), respectively. Also Inorganic phosphate (7.1$\pm$2.4), pH (p<7.9f:0.2), and Blood Urea Nitrogen (40.41=37.1) were significantly higher than normal values (p<0.001, p(0.001, p<0.05), respectively. 3. Simple and mixed infections occupied 18% and 82% in the distribution of causes in puppies with acute diarrhea, respectively. 4. As puppies got older, incidence of acute diarrhea caused by Staphylococcus aureus was decreased to 13% and infection of canine distemper virus was increased to 53%, but E coli and canine parvovirus always showed high frequency of outbreak in the body weight ranged from 35g to 7.8Kg. 5. As showed in table 5, infections of E coli and Canine Parvovirus showed high outbreak regardless of the age which is classified into three stages, 35~50 day, 60 day and 75~day to 1 year, canine distemper virus appeared increased, but in case of Staphylococcus aureus, visa versa. 6. In comparison wi methods for the laboratory diagnosis diagnosis parvovirus, Hemagglutination test showed positive reaction in 25% and mean serum antibody titer measured by Hemagglutination inhibition test showed 2779 (n=20). In addition, positive reaction was 90% (18/20). 7. In histopathological studies, enteritic and pneumonic lesions were indicated in 53.7% and 39.5% of samples, respectively. 8. Etiologic diagnosis based on the history taking, clinical signs and histopathological findings in puppies with acute diarrhea and vomiting indicated that 50% of puppies were infected by canine parvovirus and distemper virus. 9. In the parasitological examination made by simple flotation with saturated zinc sulfate tour parasites found were Isospora canis, Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma spp and Toxocara spp. Isospora canis and Toxocara canis were more frequently found among those parasites of diarrhoeic causes in puppies ranged from 35 days to 1 year. Their infestation rates were 15% and 13% respectively.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2019

관상동맥 혈류예비능(CFR)은 관상동맥 협착에 대한 기능적 평가를 하는데 중요한 지표로 사용되고, 허혈성 심장질환(IHD)의 발생을 조기에 진단할 수 있다. 최근 도입된 Discovery NM 530c (D530c) 장비의 구조적 특성으로 인해 동적인 영상 획득이 가능해졌고, 심근 혈류 및 관상동맥 혈류예비능의 측정을 할 수 있게 되었다. D530c 19개 CZT 검출기의 FOV가 교차되는 영역을 QFOV라고 하며, 영상의 질을 위해 QFOV 중앙으로부터 2 cm 이내 심장을 위치시키고 촬영할 것을 권고하고 있다. 동적 심근관류 SPECT 시에 심장의 위치를 선정하기 위한 최적화된 방법을 연구하였다. 심장의 위치를 측정하기 위한 도구로 이동형 초음파를 이용하였다. 환자는 parasternal long-axis view (PLAX) 스캔하였고, 심장 내 구조물이 잘 보이는 탐촉자 지점에 위치를 표시하였다. 환자의 신체에 표시한 지점과 D530c 검출기에 표시된 기준점을 서로 일치시킨 상태에서 약물부하(stress)를 하였고, 방사성동위원소를 순간주사(bolus injection) 하면서 동적 촬영을 시행하였다. 3시간 경과 후, 휴지기(rest) 촬영 시 QFOV 중앙에 심장이 위치하도록 조정하였다. 테이블 및 검출기 위치에 대하여 이동형 초음파를 이용한 dynamic stress와 QFOV 중앙에 위치시킨 rest의 좌표를 비교 분석한 결과, 모든 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P > 0.05). 이동형 초음파의 이용은 비교적 사용이 간편하면서 시간 단축과 함께 공간의 제약이 없었고, 심장의 정확한 위치 선정에 도움이 되었다. 이는 영상의 질향상과 환자의 불필요한 방사선 피폭을 최소화하고, 심근혈류 및 관상동맥 혈류예비능의 정량적 평가에 도움을 줌으로써 임상적 진단에 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.651-672
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• 2014

최근 정부는 고용률 저조로 인한 저성장세의 고착화가 우려됨에 따라 창조적이고 혁신적인 R&D 활동을 통한 신규 고용창출을 중요한 국정목표 중 하나로 삼고 있다. 본 논문에서는 산업연관분석을 적용하되 가장 최근에 발표된 2011년도 산업연관표를 이용하여 정부 산업기술 R&D 투자의 고용창출효과를 분석하고자 한다. 여기서 고용창출효과는 직접고용효과와 고용유발효과로 분해된다. 산업기술 분야를 대분류 기준 총 7개로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 산업기술 R&D 투자액 10억원당 고용창출효과는 8-12명인 것으로 분석되었다. 지식서비스 기술분야의 고용창출효과가 큰 것으로 나타난 반면에, 전기 전자 기술분야는 고용창출효과가 상대적으로 낮았다. 고용창출 우위기술에 속하는 바이오 의료 기술분야와 직접고용 우위기술에 속하는 지식서비스, 화학, 에너지 자원 기술 분야에 대한 선택과 집중을 통해 단기적으로 고용창출의 견인차 역할을 할 필요가 있다. 고용유발 우위기술에 속하는 정보통신, 기계 소재 기술분야는 산업간 파급효과를 통한 중장기적 고용창출 효과가 중요하기 때문에 기술이전, 개방형 혁신 등을 통해 기술 확산에 주력하는 전략이 필요하다. 이상의 결과는 산업기술 R&D 투자의 고용창출효과를 진단하고 예측하는 데 참고자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 1969

A review has been made of mortality trends in Korea from 1958 to 1967 analyzing the data by sex, age and cause of death. The crude death rates and age specific death rates were estimated by the model of N. Keyfitz life table which had been developed by the data of the 1960's national census. The cause specific death rates shown in this article are based on the following: all deaths occurring in the death-registration are expressed as a numberator, while the denominator was estimated from the regular national census data by interpolation method. It is estimated that only an average of about 40% of deaths which occurred during a year were registered during 1958 to 1967. The validity and the reliability of the diagnosis of causes of death seem to be extremely poor in this country. Therefore the cause specific death rates in this article are aimed to reveal trends of causes of registered death ana not for the actual level of death rates. For 10 years very interesing mortality trends were observed : 1. The trend in the crude death rates was downward slowly. 2. The estimated death rate for the infant in 1960 was still high up to 100 per 1,000. 3. The rates for mortality attributed to such infectious diseases as pneumonia, bronchitis, gastroenteritis and measles decreased an average 40-60%. 4. The death rates for over-all tuberculosis decreased only 9.8%. 90% of the decrease was contributed by those in the less-than-15 year age group. 5. The death rates for chronic diseases, such as vascular diseases affecting the central nervous system, malignant neoplasm, major heart diseases and all accidents rose about 40-60%. 6. The rank order of the 10 leading causes of death showed large changes over the years, except for pneumonia and tuberculosis which occupyed 1st and 2nd places respectively. Vascular diseases affecting the central nervous system moved from 5th to 3rd place and malignant neoplasm from 6th to 4th place, The major heart diseases moved from 10th to 6th place and all accidents from 10th to 7th place. On tile other hand, gastroenteritis moved from 3rd to 5th place and influenja from 4th to 8th place.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2001

Blood and urine mercury level of three workers were monitored during 60~80 days after high exposure to mercury at the silver refining plant. Mercury was used to form silver-mercury amalgam from plating sludge. Workers were exposed to mercury about 70 days at the several processes, such as hand held weaving, vibration table, and heating from the furnace. mercury was analysed by atomic absorption spectroscopy-vapor generation technique. Recovery from the biological sample was 95.51% and pooled standard deviation was 0.033. At the time of study, there was no work at the workplace. So, airborne mercury concentration was measured with area sampling 5 days after the work, ranged from 0.1459 to 1.2351 mg/㎥(Arithmatic mean 0.4711 mg/㎥, Geometric mean 0.3566 mg/㎥) at the inside of the plant, that is far above the ACGIH's TLV(0.025 mg/㎥) and ranged from 0.0073 to 0.0330 mg/㎥ at the outdoor. Blood mercury levels at the beginning of the monitoring were 4~14 times greater than the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Biological Exposure Index(ACGIH BEI, 15 ug/L). Blood mercury levels were decreased logarithmically, that is, rapidly at the high level and slowly at the low level but sustained above the level of the ACGIH BEI 60~80 days after the work. Urine mercury levels at the beginning of the monitoring were 8~16 times greater than the ACGIH BEI(35 ug/g creatinine). Urine mercury levels were decreased logarithmically, but correlation between urine level and off-days were lower than those of blood. Decreasing pattern of blood mercury levels were little affected than that of urine levels when the chelating agent, D-penicillamine, was administered. There was correlation between blood mercury level and urine mercury level(0.81~0.83) but it didn\`t mean that the highest blood mercury level corresponded the highest urine mercury level. In our study, Case 1 always shows the highest level in urine but case 3 always shows the highest level in blood. Creatinine correction represented better correlations between urine mercury levels and blood levels, and between urine levels and off-days rather than by urine volume. Spot urine sampling had a wide variation than that of whole day urine sampling. So, We recommend spot urine sampling for screening and whole day urine sampling for exact diagnosis.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 1982

In the present communication, the results will be reported on a clinical study of how well scintigraphic visualization of the hepatobiliary elements and several commonly used clinical liver function tests correlate each other in various diseases oft hepatobiliary system. The demonstrability of the biliary tract, gallbladder (GB) and duodenum was rather closely paralleled to serum bilirubin level and less closely to alkaline phosphatase and rather poorly to SGOT and SGPT. The biliary tree could not be visualized scintigraphically when bilirubin exceeded 10.5mg/dl. The usefulness of Tc-99m EHIDA [N-(2,6-diethylacetanilido) iminodiacetic acid, made by Amersham, England] hepatobiliary scintigraphy (Tc EHIDA HBS) in settling diagnostic controversy and ambiguity raised by oral cholecystography, intravenous cholangiography and ultrasonography in many hepatobiliary diseases is well known. The purpose of this investigation was to semiquantitatively evaluate the scintigraphic demonstrability of the hepatobiliary tract, GB and duodenum following intravenous injection of Tc-99m EHIDA in normal subjects and in patients with a disturbed liver function from various hepatobiliary diseases. The hepatobiliary scintigraphy was performed in 10 normal subjects and 39 patients with various hepatobiliary diseases (Table 1) at the Dept. of Radiology, St. Mary's Hospital Catholic Medical College, Seoul, Korea during 2 years period from September 1979. Scintigraphic examination was started at end of 3 minutes after intravenous injection of Tc-99m EHIDA in the amount of $50{\mu}Ci/kg$ and was continued until after 30 minutes at 5 minutes interval. The imaging was usually terminated when the tracer could be seen in the duodenum. Late scintigrams were obatained at 1 1/2, 3, 4 and 6 hours when reeded. Scintigrams were analyzed in terms of promptness and clarity of visualization of the biliary tree, GB and duodenum and demonstrability of these anatomical landmarks was correlated with the values of liver function tests. The demonstrability of the common hepatic duct, common bile duct, GB and duodenum was closely paralleled to the level of serum bilirubin when it is less than 10.5 mg/dl as shown in figure 1. However when the bilirubin exceeded 10.5 mg/dl the time of visualization between protracted reaching a flat curve or plateau around 10.5 mg/dl. The biliary tract could not be visualized when the bilirubin was higher than 10.5 mg/dl. The correlability between scintigraphic demonstration and serum alkaline phosphatase was less strong and between scintigraphic demonstration and SGOT and SGPT was rather poor. The present clinical study confirmed the usefulness and limitation of Tc-99m EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in visulizing and diagnosing the biliary system and duodenum when radiogrpahy and ultrasonography failed to provide useful informations. Scintigraphy was very helpful in the diagnosis of neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, cholecystitis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction. The hepatobiliary system and duodenum were visualized when serum bilirubin level was less than 10.5 mg/dl, SGOT 135 units, SGPT 114 units and alkaline phosphatase 52.2 KAU.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.1274-1278
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• 2003

배뇨 후 실신은 신경 매개성 반사에 의한 실신으로 사태실신의 한 종류이며 건강한 남성에서 아침에 기립 배뇨시에 잘 일어난다. 실신의 원인은 다양하기 때문에 배뇨후 실신의 진단을 위해 정확한 병력과 심전도, 운동부하검사, 심초음파, 기립경사검사, 뇌파, 뇌 자기공명영상, 요류 동태 검사 등이 사용된다. 배뇨후 실신의 기전은 부교감 신경계의 반사 자극으로 서맥과 말초혈관 확장이 일어나고 Valsalva 효과에 의해 심실로 정맥환류가 감소하게 되어서 대뇌 혈류감소가 일어나 실신하게 된다. 실신시 뇌파는 대뇌 혈류감소에 의해 고진폭의 서파와 평탄화 소견이 나타나게 되고 심한 허혈시에는 허혈성 경련을 일으킬 수도 있다. 저자들은 9세 남아로 기립배뇨시 실신을 보인 후 저혈압을 보이고 특징적인 뇌파소견을 보인 환아를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2002

Contamination levels of pathogenic microorganisms in 145 cases of beef, which were distributed in Gwangju province, had been investigated in each distributed stage and also monitored by general bacterial count and E coli count index. General bacterial count of beef from the slaughterhouse was 10$^4$cfu/g less than the level of promotion(10 cfu/$\textrm{cm}^2$) and E coli count index was also under the level of 10$^2$cfu/$\textrm{cm}^2$ recommended level of the ministry of agriculture and forestry. Pathogenic microorganisms were detected from 23.2% of samples in the consumption stage, 12.5% in the slaughtering stage and 5.6% in the transporting and processing stage. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in the largest number and its ratio was 9.0%, listeria monocytogenes 5.5% and salmonella spp 1.4%. There were no samples that bacteria had been detected dually. E coli O157:H7 and campylobacter jejuni were not isolated. In raw and chilled beef, isolation rate of pathogenic microorganisms were 13.3% and 16.5% each. Especially in raw beef, L monocytogenes was. isolated in 3 samples among 30 cases (10%) and S aureus in one sample (3.3%). According to a scale of meat store, isolation rates of pathogenic microorganisms were different. It was 28.6% in the small-scale meat store and 16.7% in the large-scale meat store each. Four cases (16.7%) of S aureus were isolated in the large-scale meat store and seven cases (20.0%) of L monocytogenes and 2 cases (5.7%) of salmonella spp were isolated in the small-scale meat store. S aureus was isolated in two places among 10 feeding facilities of the elementary school. This result shows that the sanitation of elementary school feeding facilities is so poor and more careful policy consideration is needed. Eleven strains of S aureus isolated showed ${\beta}$-hemolysis on blood agar, 1 strain ${\alpha}$-hemolysis, and 1 strain ${\gamma}$-hemolysis. Isolated strains of L monocytogenes were reconfirmed in 560 bp by PCR. Conclusively, these results show that the sanitary condition in the stages of slaughtering, transportation-processing and consumption influences the degree of pathogenic microorganisms contamination in beef severely It is necessary to apply thoroughly hazard analysis critical control point in a process of beef distribution and also to develop rapid test methods for microorganism diagnosis. This effort is very important for the supply of safe and clean meat from farm to table and helpful for the improvement of public health.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2008

이 연구에서는 공업계열 고등학교의 발전 계획 수립을 위한 학교 컨설팅의 이론을 탐색하고, 컨설팅 모델과 수행기법 모델을 제시한 후, 제시한 모델과 컨설팅 수행 기법에 의하여 수행된 C 공업고등학교의 컨설팅 사례에 대하여 분석하였다. 최근까지 수행된 학교컨설팅은 대부분이 수업 및 장학 컨설팅에 대한 것이며, 학교경영컨설팅 분야에 대한 연구는 아직 미미한 실정이다. 이 논문에서는 공업계열 고등학교에 적합한 학교 컨설팅 모델을 구안하여 착수, 진단, 실행기획, 실행, 종료의 5단계로 제시하였다. 컨설팅 모델을 적용한 C공업고등학교의 컨설팅 사례를 분석하였고, 이는 향후 공업계열 고등학교의 컨설팅 연구의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 함이다. 학교컨설팅 모델의 5단계에 의하여 C공업고등학교의 현황 분석, 설문 조사, SWOT 분석, Issue Tree, 학교 진단 평가 등을 하였다. C공업고등학교의 발전 전략을 수립하기 위하여 Issue Tree에 기초하여 '문제점 및 개선방안 표'를 작성한 후, Pay-Off Matrix를 작성하였다. 최종적으로 C공업고등학교가 단기 및 중장기적으로 해결해야 할 발전 계획을 도출할 수 있었다.