• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2004

Objective: To carry out the oriental medical treatment on a patient with vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye caused by diabetic retinopathy and record the results of the treatment. Methods: 1. Diagnosis: Fundus photography, Colored paper, Dr. Hahn's standard test chart for 5M, Blood sugar measurement. 2. Treatment: Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, Indirect moxibustion, Western medicines, Oryoungsan(Crude drug preparations) Results: Oriental treatment using Ohaeng-acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, Indirect moxibustion resulted in the Unaided visual acuity of 0.1 while it used to be the left eye visual acuity with only light sense I month ago. Looking from Fundus photography result, progress was achieved and diabetic retinopathy was found to be in progress in fluorescein fundus angiography to right eye also by revisiting the patient after treatment. Conclusions: 1. Vitrectomy has many advantages but there are instances where patients do not recover their visual acuity due to complications. Therefore it is necessary to prove the effect oriental medical treatment through more cases in future. 2 For diabetic retinopathy patients, diabetes must be treated together with visual acuity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.518-528
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• 2018

This study was to identify the effective factors on the Depression in Diabetic patients with hypoglycemia. This study used 119 questionnaires from Diabetic patients with hypoglycemia in B city to collect data from October 1, 2015 to March 15, 2016. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test. Pearson's correlation coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The Depression in Diabetic patients with hypoglycemia showed a positive correlation with Non-Compliance of Treatment(r=42, p<.001), a negative correlation with Family support(r=-.38, p<.001). According to the result of multiple regression analysis, the significant factors influencing depression were Family support(${\beta}=-.29$, p<.001), Drug therapy(${\beta}=.21$, p=.020), Dietetic therapy(${\beta}=.23$, p=.014), Monthly average income over 3,000,000won (${\beta}=-.20$, p=.014), Monthly average income 2,000-3,000 thousand(${\beta}=-.17$, p=.033), it was explained by 30.0%. Based on these findings, it is suggested to develop and apply a family support program to reduce the depression of diabetic patients with hypoglycemia.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.221-230
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• 2023

Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. Although diabetic kidney disease can be effectively controlled through strict blood glucose management and corresponding symptomatic treatment, these therapies cannot reduce its incidence in diabetic patients. The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and the traditional Chinese herb "Gegen" have been widely used in diabetes-related therapy. However, it remains unclear whether the combined use of these two kinds of medicines contributes to an increased curative effect on diabetic kidney disease. In this study, we examined this issue by evaluating the efficacy of the combination of puerarin, an active ingredient of Gegen, and canagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor for a 12-week intervention using a mouse model of diabetes. The results indicated that the combination of puerarin and canagliflozin was superior to canagliflozin alone in improving the metabolic and renal function parameters of diabetic mice. Our findings suggested that the renoprotective effect of combined puerarin and canagliflozin in diabetic mice was achieved by reducing renal lipid accumulation. This study provides a new strategy for the clinical prevention and treatment of diabetic kidney disease. The puerarin and SGLT2 inhibitor combination therapy at the initial stage of diabetes may effectively delay the occurrence of diabetic kidney injury, and significantly alleviate the burden of renal lipotoxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.140-148
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• 2007

Diabetic nephropathy has been increasing, although blood glucose and blood pressure can be controlled by angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) or advanced glycosylation end products(AGE) inhibitors in the diabetic patients. We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of sea tangle on the blood glucose, and pathological scoring of diabetic kidneys in the streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal rats fed control diet and diabetic rats fed control diet or control diet supplemented with powder or oater extract of sea tangle. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ(60mg/kg, ip) in citrate buffer. The animals were fed the experimental diet and water for 13 weeks. Dietary supplementation of sea tangle decreased blood glucose in the diabetic rats. However, dietary supplementation of sea tangle did not affect the antioxidant enzyme activities, MDA content and pathology of diabetic kidneys. These results indicate that decreased blood glucose by sea tangle could not delay the progression of diabetic kidney disease.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2005

In Korea, there are many kinds of functional foods to manage diabetes, however, they have not been evaluated or investigated systematically. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of recognition and intake of functional foods among diabetic patients. The study subjects were 307 patients(male 135, female 172), who diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Seoul National University of Bundang Hospital. Questionnaire survey was done from July to October, 2004 for the characteristics of patients and factors related to the use of functional foods. The mean age of the subjects was 64$\pm$10.2 years, and the mean duration of disease was 9.5$\pm$8.90 years. Approximately 49.8% of the subjects had experience to use functional foods at least once in past. Total number of functional foods used were 56 types. Red ginseng was used most frequently(27.9%), then followed by Silkworm powder(13.6%), Vitamin supplements(10.4%), Mulberry tree(7.1%), Cordyceps sinensis(6.8%) and Ginseng(4.2%). Functional foods were introduced by their friends.relatives(38.4%), family(29.1%), internet(13.9%), and the mass media(10.6%). Among respondents, 94.7% took functional foods with conventional diet therapies(diet, exercise and medication). The purpose of functional food use was to control blood glucose level(49.0%), to relieve fatigue and improve stamina(19.9%), to treat and prevent a disease(17.2%) and to help blood circulation(7.9%). Upon the question of further recommendation of functional foods to others, 74.8% of the subjects answered negative response. However, 12.6% of the subjects showed the further intention of using new product. Therefore, to guide the appropriate use of functional foods for diabetic patients, diabetic educator should provide the knowledge of the efficacy of functional foods and the desirable guidelines.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2004

Purpose: The infected diabetic foot patients were reviewed to analyze the result of new dressing methods using a wall-suction instruments. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients treated with wall-suction assisted vacuum dressing were included. After debridement under local anesthesia, a sponge pad, a drain, and a surgical drape were used to seal the wound. Negative pressure applied by the wall-suction at around 200 mmHg and dressing were repeated in every two to three days. The results of repeated wound cultures, growth of granulation tissues, and CRP level were closely observed on the regular basis. Results: Rapid growth of granulation tissues was noticed around the wound in 16 cases. No organism was obtained in an average 5 days and wound coverage was possible in an average 18 days. The CRP level returned to normal in an average 4 weeks. Two patients with end stage renal disease, who were regularly hemodialised, underwent major amputation. Conclusion: New dressing method has the following advantages: a rapid wound improvement in the patients with infected diabetic foot, less expensive, less painful, impediment of bacterial contamination in the hospital room. However, further study will be needed for the end stage renal disease patients.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effect of 12-week Tai Chi exercise on glucose control, peripheral nerve modulation, and perceived health for Type 2 diabetic patients with neuropathy. Methods: A pretest posttest design with a nonequivalent control group, 44 diabetic patients with neuropathy were recruited from an outpatient clinic of a university hospital and assigned into Tai Chi or Control groups. The Tai Chi exercise was based on Tai Chi for Diabetes program developed by Lam (2006) and performed one hour for each session twice a week for 12 weeks. Outcome variables were HbA1c, Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument scores and perceived health. A total of 25 patients completed both measures of pretest and posttest. Results: The study participants were 67 years old in average, diagnosed by DM for more than 15 years. Those who participated in 12-week Tai Chi exercise (n=13) significantly improved in HbA1c (t=2.23, p=.035) and perceived health (t=-2.28, p=.032) than the control group (n=12). Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise may improve glucose control and health status in patients with Type II diabetes. Further study with larger sample size would be necessary to confirm the effect of Tai Chi on peripheral nerve modulation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

Background Some diabetic feet heal without complication, but others undergo amputation due to progressive wounds. This study investigates the risk factors for amputation of diabetic feet. Methods A total of 55 patients who visited our institution from 2008 to 2012 were included in the study. The patients with abnormal fasting blood sugar levels, lower leg vascularity, and poor nutrition were excluded from the study group, and the wound states were unified. The patients were categorized into a treatment success group (n=47) and a treatment failure group (n=8), and their hemoglobin A1C (HgA1C), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and serum creatinine levels were analyzed. Results The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels in the treatment failure group were significantly higher than that of the treatment success group, and the initial HgA1C level was significantly higher in the treatment success group. The CRP and WBC levels of both groups changed significantly as time passed, but their serum creatinine levels did not. Conclusions The initial CRP, WBC, and serum creatinine levels were considered to be risk factors for amputation. Among them, the serum creatinine level was found to be the most important predictive risk factor. Because serum creatinine represents the renal function, thorough care is needed for the feet of diabetic patients with renal impairment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.701-722
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• 1997

It was reported that low dose doxycycline(LDD) regimen could inhibit pathologically elevated collagenase activity in the gingival crevicular fluid of petients with adult periodontitis without producing typical antibiotic side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of LDD regimen(20mg) administered during non-surgical therapy on clinical index and gingival crevicular fluid enzyme activity in diabetics who are at high risk for periodontal disease. Forty-nine subjects having at least two sites with probing pocket depths greater than 4mm were selected. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the patients were administered 20 mg doxycycline capsule or placebo capsule b.i.d. for 2 weeks. Clinical parameters of dental plaque, gingival inflammation, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level were assessed at week 0, 2, 4, and 8. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected at the same time to evaluate the activities of collagenase and elastase. Clinical parameters and elastase activity were significantly reduced in all groups compared to the baseline value after treatment. Significantly greater reduction in pocket depth and gain in attachment level was shown in the LDD-administered group compared to placebo group in both adult periodontitis and diabetic patients. Total collagenase activity was also reduced significantly in all groups after treatment, but the greater reduction was seen in the LDD-administered diabetics group compared to relevant placebo group(at 4, 8week). Significantly greater reduction in active collagenase activity was also seen in the LDD-administered group compared to placebo group in diabetic patients(at 2, 4, 8week). These results indicated that use of low dose doxycycline could be aueseful adjunct to instrumentation therapy in the management of diabetic patient with periodontitis as well as adult periodontitis patient.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.342-351
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop a mobile nutritional management program for integration into the already developed web-based program, Diabetes Mellitus Dietary Management Guide (DMDMG) for diabetic patients. Further, we aim to evaluate the amended DMDMG program. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The mobile application based on an Android operating system includes three parts: 1) record of diet intake, which allows users to take pictures of the meal and save to later add diet records into DMDMG; 2) an alarm system that rings at each meal time, which reminds users to input the data; 3) displays the diet record and the results of nutrient intake, which can be also viewed through the web program. All three parts are linked to the web-based program. A survey was conducted to evaluate the program in terms of nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, eating behavior and diet intake by non-equivalent control group design among diabetic patients with 14 DMDMG users and 12 non-user controls after a one-month trial of DMDMG. RESULTS: Non-users did not use the program, but participated in the weekly off-line nutrition classes for one month. The program users showed increased healthful dietary behavior (P < 0.01) and dietary attitude scores (P < 0.05). More DMDMG users had higher nutrition knowledge scores after one-month trial than non-users. However, dietary intake significantly increased in non-user group for calcium and sodium (P < 0.05) while the user group did not show significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: The program has created positive changes in patients' dietary life. All the users were satisfied with the program, although some expressed minor difficulties with an unfamiliar mobile app.