• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.133-138
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of modified motor developmental intervention on the SCM muscle thickness and the range of motion (ROM) of neck in subjects with congenital muscular torticollis. METHODS: Thirteen subjects who had congenital muscular torticollis were participated in this study and they were offered the modified motor developmental interventions for 8 weeks by pediatric physical therapist. SCM thickness of affected and non-affected side and ROM of neck rotation were collected between before and after intervention. SCM thickness was measured by using Ultrasound Unit (IU 22, Ultrasound system, Philips, Netherlands) and ROM of neck was measured by using the goniometer (Arthrodial protractor, North coast, USA). Data were represented as means ${\pm}SD$. Paired t-test was used to determine the effect of interventions on the SCM muscle thickness and neck ROM. RESULTS: SCM thickness of affected side was significantly decreased after the modified motor developmental interventions and that of non-affected side was generally increased but it was not significantly difference between pre and post interventions. ROM of neck rotation and lateral flexion was significantly increased after interventions. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the modified motor developmental interventions could improve the recovery of SCM muscle thickness and neck ROM.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives Taking detailed patient history helps earlier diagnosis and treatment of developmental disability. In this study we analyzed the clinical questionnaire to find out the clinical characteristics of those with five-retardation, five-limpness, or five-stiffness. Methods The data was collected from 484 children under the age of six who have visited H oriental medicine clinic for developmental delay. The clinical questionnaire was filled out by their parents and the data was analyzed statistically. Results 436 children showed symptoms of five-retardation, 90 children suffered from five-stiffness, 54 children showed five-limpness and 7 children suffered from five-stiffness and five-limpness complex. Generally, boys had higher chance to show disease symptoms than the girls (2.32:1) and 40 children (8.26%) reported family history of developmental disability. Cerebral palsy ranks the most common familial disease, followed by developmental delay, mental retardation, autistic disorder and language disorder. Among the children we have studied, 285 children (63.19%) showed delayed unassisted walk while 192 children (42.57%) had language disorder. Also, 138 children (28.51%) had both walk and language disorders. The children in this study also showed delayed toilet training and half of them had little stranger anxiety when they were infants. It was also found that 120 children (24.79%) experienced epilepsy. This study reaffirmed that low birth weight, premature birth, and suffocation are major risks causing neurological damage. Conclusions They had history which including family history, problems at birth, epilepsy, face recognition, muscle tone disorder, delayed walking without assistance, language ability, and toilet training.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.25-41
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• 2009

The purpose of this case study is to examine how group rhythmic playing can help enhance imitation skills for 3 children with developmental disabilities aged between 30-50 months. The program was composed of social musical play, the therapist's imitating the way young children played musical instruments, and the young children's imitating the way the therapist played musical instruments. Every session was videotaped, and the researcher and two music therapists checked the videotaped sessions to ensure the reliability of findings. The case study demonstrated the following results. First, the three young children who participated in the playing of rhythmic musical instruments showed an increase in imitation behaviors. Second, the infants exhibited the greatest change from 1 beat imitation according to the degree of difficulty of group rhythm musical instrument demonstrated. Third, the most radical change in the infants' ability to imitate appeared in Sessions 3-7 where the therapist imitated the operation and a performance of the infant. In conclusion, the activity of playing rhythmic musical instruments in a group generated improvement in the imitation ability of young children with developmental disabilities.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.251-256
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• 1995

This study was experimented that developmental effects of bovine in vitro fertilized embryos by coculture system and supplementation of energy materials into simple media. With the ovaries from slaughter house in vitro maturation by 24h, in vitro fertilization was performed with sperms collected by Percoll gradient method. Fertilized embryos were cocultured in 15% FCS+CZB medium with BOEC(bovine oviductal epithelial cell), GCM (granulosa cell monolayer) and MEFC(mouse embryonic fihrohlast cell). And also in this study, there was trying to improve the early developmental rate of embryos by addition of concentration-controlled Na-pyruvate, D-glucose which were used as energy sources into CZB medium. In vitro developmental rate was confirmed by the cleavage rate of 48h post-IVF and the embryo development rate at 240h culture. In the coculture system BOEC had 20.0% of blastocysts rate, which was higher than that of other coculture systems. To determine the optimum concentration for early embryo developmental rate rapidly, through the gradient of concentrations of Na-pyruvate and D-glucose, we focused on the cleavage rate at 48h and blastocysts rate at 240h. In case of Na-pyruvate, cleavage rate and developmental rate over 3-cell were lower at the concentration of 1.OOrnM than the other treatment concentrations, otherwise the blastocysts rate was higher as 23.2% than the others. That result showed that as like reported group which had higher develop-mental rate over 3-cell was also higher to the blastocysts rate. In case of D-glucose, there was no effects through the concentration changes. It was the result of this study for which the use of BOEC coculture system and 1.OOmM Na-pyruvate as an energy source had an effect upon embryo development.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.10
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• pp.312-319
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• 2017

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of the Korean Developmental Screening Test (K-DST) for infants and children for developmental delay assessment. Methods: This study was based on retrospective studies of the results of the K-DST, Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES), Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT), electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and extensive tests conducted in 209 of 1,403 patients, of whom 758 underwent the K-DST at the Korea University Guro Hospital between January 2015 and December 2016 and 645 were referred from local clinics between January 2015 and June 2016. Results: Based on the K-DST results, the male children significantly more frequently required further or follow-up examination than the female children in most test sections, except for gross motor. The male children had notably lower mean scores than the female children. The PRES/SELSI results showed that when more further or follow-up evaluations were required in the K-DST communication section, significantly more problems in language delay or disorder emerged. When further or follow-up evaluation was required in the cognitive section in the CARS/M-CHAT, the possibility of autism increased significantly. A child tended to score low in the CARS test and show autism when further or follow-up evaluation was recommended in the K-DST. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the usefulness of the K-DST as a screening test early in the development of infants and children in Korea. Data of normal control groups should be examined to determine the accuracy of this investigation.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-128
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to portray the phenomena of information poverty of the families of children with developmental disabilities. The focus was especially put on investigating their information needs of everyday lives and information-seeking behaviors. The sample group includes six children with developmental disabilities and their families, mainly mothers. The investigation was conducted by the participant observation and in-depth interviews. The study found out that they sought the formal information sources such as medical specialists and special agencies first with which they were not satisfied. As a result, they rather relied on informal information sources. And the information from 'the group of families of children with developmental disabilities' was thought to be the most reliable information for them. In terms of information related behaviors, the strongest information needs were regarding the children's special education, especially to the school education, and they made effort to seek reliable information. They, however, tended to passively treat their personal concerns that are not related to their disabled children. This study found out that their information poverty is in terms of the information environment, information sources and their attitude to information, and that it comes from the external(social) factors as well as internal(individual) ones.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.287-289
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• 2002

Planarians show negative phototaxis and have extensive regenerative ability, including the ability to regenerate the brain. Recently the process of regeneration of the planarian brain has been divided into three steps based on the expression of neural markers. In this study, we have analyzed the process of recovery of the light response during head regeneration. Although morphological observations indicated that regeneration of the eyes and optic nerves appeared to be completed by the fourth day, the recovery of the evasion behavior against light was not recovered within 4 days after amputation. Functional recovery of the evasion behavior could be detected starting 5 days after amputation and then gradually recovered. We previously identified genes which are specifically expressed in the brain after the recovery of morphological structures. This characteristic suggested that these genes may be involved in functional recovery of the brain. To investigate the function of these genes, we performed gene knockout analysis using the RNA interference method. The results clearly indicated that these genes are involved in the functional recovery of the visual system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1074-1086
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• 2012

This study examines the influence of mentoring function on major adaptation of university students in a fashion related department and identifies the moderating role of self-efficacy and mentor competence on the effectiveness of a fashion mentoring function. Questionnaire data were gathered from 266 university students in a fashion related department with previous experience in a mentoring program. The results showed that the psychosocial function, sensitivity developmental function, and the fashion career developmental function had a positive impact on the department adaptation (adaptation for professor and adaptation for learning). In addition, there were moderating effects of self-efficacy on the influence of the fashion career developmental function on professor adaptation and the moderating effects of mentor competence on the influence of the sensitivity developmental function on professor adaptation. The results of this study provide various guidelines for professors or administrators of fashion related departments who are interested in mentoring systems.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.445-460
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to examine the correlation of reading quantities in various media(magazines, books, comic books) and different developmental phases of women high school students. I surveyed reading quantities in developmental periods, by questionnaires. As a methodology of empirical study, data was collected from 198 students at the Jeonju Girls' High School. Statistical techniques of a Pearson Correlation Test were employed according to my hypotheses. The results of this survey are as follows: 1) Reading quantities of specific media of specific period is correlated with reading quantities of same media of other period 2) Reading quantities of books is correlated with reading quantities of comic books.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate cryopreservation of pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii larvae. Four cooling rates (-0.25, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0$^{\circ}C$/min.) were used to examine a proper cooling rate during cryopreservation of trochophores before seeding temperature (-12$^{\circ}C$). Seven developmental stages (early and late trochophores, early and late D-shaped larvae and early, middle and late umbo stage larvae) and different sugars (fructose, glucose and sucrose) were used to investigate optimal larval stage and effective sugar in cryopreservation of larvae. The survival rates of frozen-thawed trochophores increased at cooling rate of -1.0$^{\circ}C$/min. As larval developing, survival rate of frozen-thawed larvae increased, except umbo stage larvae, and especially late D-shaped larvae highly survived as 91%. Addition of sugar revealed positive effect on cryopreservation in this experiment and 0.2 M glucose and sucrose mixed with 2.0 M dimethyl sulfoxide significantly enhanced survival rate of larvae (P<0.05). The results of our study indicate that desirable cooling rate, developmental stages of larvae and effective sugar far cryopreservation of pearl oyster, P. fucata martensii larvae are -1$^{\circ}C$/min, late D-shaped larvae and 0.2 M glucose and sucrose, respectively.