• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.87-99
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of municipal sustainability policy efforts on citywide $CO_2$ emissions. 25 cities in the U.S.A., which offer data on $CO_2$ emissions and are included in the top 50 largest cities in the U.S.A. according to its estimated population, were selected as study cities. This study utilizes the Sustainable Cities Seriously Index of Portney and selects data for the index at the city level. For analysis, this study employs correlation analysis, and OLS regression analysis. The results show that each city has around 30 sustainability policies and emits $12.76tCO_2$ per year on average. In addition, when the number of sustainability policies increases by one, the amount of $CO_2$ per capita decreases by $0.7tCO_2$. This means that the more cities employ sustainability policies, the less $CO_2$ those cities emit. The results of this study support the idea that active efforts on behalf of municipal governments toward the development of sustainability policies are needed to handle citywide $CO_2$ emissions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

The rural development policies and projects in Korea has been implemented with various related acts. For instance, these acts include Framework Act on the National Land, National Land Planning Utilization Act, Special Act on Balanced National Development, etc, enacted by each of adminstration. However, there are some limitations to encourage the variety of rural development policies due to duplication and overlapping between the relevant acts. Nowadays, the fields of rural development have been evolved and integrated not only by agricultural infrastructures but also in various fields such as multi-functional industry including rural tourism, green care, and cultural welfare, etc. Therefore, the current legal system may not effectively accept and support in various rural development policies and projects at all. This study tried to figure out the necessity of reorganization related legal system through the field survey to planners, residents and analysts regarding the correlation between legal systems and projects. For these reasons, this study tried to find out the problem of current legal system and then, suggested alternative methods related to the legal system for integrated rural development. The scope of the study is as follows; 1)correlation analysis between relevant laws and rural development projects. 2)field survey to figure out the legitimacy and validity for the reorganization of the legal system. At last the result of the research has suggested an alternative method to reorganize the legal system and proposed the new legal system with is good for integrated rural development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 1998

This paper is to describe the characteristics of the Small Towns development in Rural China. The policies to develop Small Towns have been induced for solving the problem raised during the rural reform. The changes and adaptations of rural reform processes are integrated in Small Towns. The characteristics in the process of development of Ronggang, a small town, are as follows. First, it was the fund raised by rural inhabitants that was used for construction and development of the small town, Second, by implementing the policies of selective migration, the inhabitants of the small town have been differentiated from those of rural region. Third, the activities of commerce and industry of Ronggang have progressed to joint-stock system. Fourth, Having the spatial characteristics of self- development, the small town has grown and is expected to grow higher hierarchy of settlement system.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2012

Sustainable competitive advantage depends on formulation and implementation of appropriate human resource management (HRM) strategies and deployment of their competencies effectively in dynamic and complex environment. Competencies deployment is an approach to make decisions on the intentions and plans of organization concerning employment relationship and its recruitment, training, development, performance appraisal, reward and employee relations policies and practice. The improvement of organizational effectiveness is an overall objective of people management in organizations. In light of these, this study explores the present practices of HRM like: HR departments, HR policies and strategies, HR planning, recruitment selection and placement, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation and benefit, employee relations and communications. Based on the survey in 204 Nepalese organizations as a unit of analysis, the study concludes that HR practices in few organizations have action program for minorities, ethnic group, older employees and people with disabilities. Due to centralized organizational structure, most of HR decisions are taken into central office and line managers being involved highly in planning and implementing HR policies. In a nutshell, though HRM practices are not developed like developed countries, Nepalese organizations are realizing the significance of people management at work and changing their practices in the present dynamic environment.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-56
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• 2024

This paper examines China's rapid shift from low-rise to high-rise urban development, focusing on Shanghai as a case study. It provides a detailed analysis of the rapid vertical developments over the past five decades, highlighting gradual and sudden tall building changes. The study also surveys tall building development in the ten "tallest cities" across China, including Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan, Chongqing, Chengdu, Shenyang, Hangzhou, and Nanning, while listing the tallest ten buildings in each city. The focus is on the drivers behind these towering structures: globalization, an economic powerhouse, and finance center, urbanization and population density, architectural innovation and ambition, competition and prestige, land availability and utilization, government support and planning, and tourism. The paper critically examines the sustainability of this trend in light of new Chinese policies restricting the construction of high-rise buildings exceeding 500m and 250m in smaller cities due to safety and security concerns. This prompts a reflection on the long-term viability and implications of the predominantly high-rise trajectory in urban development.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.22 no.6 s.241
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• pp.71-78
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• 1989

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.54-68
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• 1986

This study was designed to make a comparative analysis of fertility control policies in developing countries selected from Asia and Latin America. Considering the size and the density of population, the history of the fertility control policy, and the availability of references, eight countries were chosen among Asian developing countries that have adopted the fertility control as an official policy. All of nine countries in Latin America that have adopted family planning as an official policy were included in this study. An attempt was made to formulate an analytical framework to be used for a comparative analysis of fertility control policies. It can be represented by a continuum which consists of individual approaches and structural approaches to fertility control at both extremes. It represents fairly well the controversies between those who advocate family planning and those who advocate measures beyond family planning, but assumes that the two sides of the controversy form a continuum of approaches to fertility control. Various fertility control policies of each country were placed along this continuum and analyzed. The results of the analysis can be summarized as follows: (a) Those countries that have higher population pressure in terms of either the size of population or the population density tend to adopt fertility control policies earlier in time. (b) Those countries that have higher population pressure in terms of either the size of population or the population density tend to adopt more comprehensive measures along the continuum of fertility control policies. (c) Those countries that adopted more comprehensive measures along the continuum seem to have succeeded in reducing their level of fertility more effectively. (d) Developing countries in Asia tend to adopt more comprehensive measures to control fertility than those in Latin American countries. (e) The reduction of fertility in developing countries seems to be associated with both the fertility control policies and the level of socioeconomic development.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.96-114
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• 2022

This study aimed to present a policy direction that could preemptively respond to urban development by analyzing past trends and predicting future changes in urban logistics in South Korea. In particular, the scope of the study was centered on changes in the national and regional logistics master plans presented in a framework that acted on logistics policy. So, the study examined the policy changes related to urban logistics from the past to the present based on the national logistics master plan and identified a national policy base to respond to the expected changes in the logistics environment in the future. Moreover, by combining this base with the contents of the urban logistics master plan of Seoul, we proposed a logistics policy that should be continued or newly added to the urban logistics master plan. Policy proposals were also presented by dividing the future logistics environment changes into policy, social, and technological changes. In particular, the policies were proposed in urban planning (10 policies), transportation planning and ITS (8 policies), logistics technology and ITS (6 policies), and laws and systems (8 policies). Regarding policy continuity, 15 policies needed to be continued, and 17 policies were to be introduced later.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1996

This study examines the development and management of the Herb Island in Japan, and explores influences of the herb garden on a rural community. The result suggested that the development of a herb garden can make a major impact on a rural community's econmoic stability and growth, and low-input cultivation of herbs serves to the ecosystem and soil conservation. In order to foster the herb industry in Korea, three aspcets should be considered. These are as follows. 1. Selection of suitable kinds of herbs and sites for Korean natural environment,and planning for proper landuse should be carried out first. 2. Proper policies for a herb garden to help local economy should be established. 3. Development of programs and experts on environmental education should be included in planning herb gardens in order to contribute to natural environment preservation.

• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.5-23
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• 2019

The central government has implemented policies to strengthen the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities for balanced development at the national scale. However, since it is often difficult to enhance the competitiveness through partial projects of each jurisdiction, many local governments collaborate at the regional scale. This suggests that a regional approach is important for the management of small and medium sized cities. On the one hand, the concept of network city suggests that various functional networks can affect the growth of small and medium sized cities. Given this background, the purposes of this study are to delineate regional boundaries at national scale and identify their relations of growth by using functional network and Moran's I index. The study uses the Markov-chain model and cluster analysis to delineate the regions, and Moran's I is employed to identify the relations of growth. The results show that interactions between jurisdictions through networks could be crucial factors for growth of small and medium sized cities, while the networks based on passenger travel and freight movement have different implications. The results suggest that policy makers should not only consider local level investments, but also take the characteristics of networks between cities into account for achieving balanced development and developing regeneration policies.