• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.247-254
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• 1996

The effect of shading on mineral elements, free amino acids, and fatty acids content of tea shoot was examined under different shading periods. The results are summarized as follows. The con­tent of $NH_4^+$, $K^+$. $Mg^{++}$, $PO_4^{--}, was increased, but that of $Na^+$, $Ca^{++}$, $F^-$, $Cl^-$, $No_3^-$, $So_4^{--}$ was de­creased with the passage of shade treatment periods. The content of Total- Nitrogen of tea shoot was the highest in the 55% 10days+95% 5days shading as 6.07%. The content to Total Free Amino Acid was hagher ranged from 20mg/100g to 80mg/100g in shading treatment compered with the un shading treat­ment. The content of Theanine was the highest in 55% 10days+95% 5days shading as 1834mg/100g,while that of unshading was the lowest as 1247mg/100g. The content of Theanine was decreased with the passage of shading periods. The content of Fatty Acid was the highest in the 55% 15days+95% 15days shading as 3164mg/100g, while the unshading treatment had the lowest in the 55% 5days+95% 5days as 2435mg/100g.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2002

This study was carried out to test the effects of temperatures between 2$0^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$ on the reproduction and development of the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus. Preoviposition periods were much longer (17.2 to 51.0 days) in the overwintering adult females collected in March than those collected in May, regardless of temperature. Oviposition periods, however, were longer (16.9 to 22.0 days) in the adult females collected in May than those collected in March at the same temperatures. The longer oviposition period observed in the females collected in May were directly associated with higher fecundity. Egg periods were shortened from as temperature increased, but the hatching rate was highest (100%) at 27$^{\circ}C$. The developmental periods from egg to adult were shortened as temperature increased : from 77.9 days at 2$0^{\circ}C$ to 38.3 days at 3$0^{\circ}C$. The developmental zero point temperature (T) and the total effect temperature (K) for egg were 16.3$^{\circ}C$ and 62.1 dgree days, respectively. The T and K from egg to adult emergence were 13.9$^{\circ}C$ and 577.6 dgree days, respectively. The adult females of the first generation did not oviposit at 2$0^{\circ}C$, but did at $25^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r$_{m}$) increased as temperature augmented. Net reproductive rate (Ro) per generation was highest (75.3) at $25^{\circ}C$.>.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.278-284
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• 2008

The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is a member of a novel family of inhibitors of apoptosis and has several BIR domains (BIR1, BIR2, and BIR3) and a carboxy-terminal RING zinc-finger. Since suppressionof apoptosis is fundamentally important for carcinogenesis and tumor growth, we investigated the expression and function of XIAP in DEN-induced carcinogenesis using rat model. Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with DEN at a dose of 50 mg/kg in twice a week for 12 weeks (Group II) and 16 weeks (Group III) followed by the recovery periods, respectively. The evaluation of DEN-induced carcinogenesis carried out the blood, RT-PCR, histopathological and western blot analysis. The level of blood chemistry including GOT/GPT, albumin, and total bilirubin were significantly exchanged comparing to control and Group I/Group II. The expression of albumin and collagen mRNA were significantly exchanged (P<0.05) in both groups. In addition, AFP mRNA expression decreased more after recovery periods than Group II. XIAP was expressed constitutively in normal rat liver as well as DEN-induced Groups I and Group II. In addition, XIAP expression increased more in Group I with 4 weeks recovery periods than Group I. However, XIAP expression shown to increase in Group lI, otherwise, it was decreased in Group II with 10 weeks repair periods. Taken together, these results suggest the alteration of XIAP expression could be involved in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.143-146
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review the academic development of school health system and projects implemented in Korea since 1945. Methods: This study analyzed and reviewed literatures to find out the process of the development of school health system and projects implemented in Korea. Results: The history of school health in Korea since 1945 could be divided into three periods according to the development of school health system and projects; countermeasure period (1945-1969), support period (1970-1999), and innovation period (2000~). The major school health system and projects were focused on the health screening and prevention, health management and support, and health promotion for each period. Conclusion: School health system in Korea has been set successfully due to school health law(1967) and school meal law(1981), and various countermeasure, support, and innovation projects had implemented during last 60 years.

• 한국항공우주법학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.235-255
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• 2008

On the basis of briefing the development of space technology and activity in China, this essay analysis the characteristics and main rules of the space regulations in China, and proposes how to advance and perfect the space law in China further. The beginning of space technology in China can be traced back to 1956. After more than fifty years development phased in three periods of technology preparation, technology experimentation and engineering application, the achievement of space technology and activity in China is noticeable in the world. But the space legislations in China, which is mainly composed as ministerial rules, orders, and regulatory documents, are really lagged far behind the space activity, and can not adapt to the quick and comprehensive development of space activity. Therefore, national space law must be passed in time.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2014

In the present circumstance of exploring measures for sustainable development, finding and using planning elements of historical city is getting important as a urban planning tool. Thus this study aims to examine the characters of Korean traditional urban form through three periods, Josun, modern and contemporary eras. Three urban centers representing different characteristics were selected; historical center based on 14th century's traditional planning, modern period urban center, which is related with development of railway, and contemporary urban center of late 20th century. Analyse of urban tissue, composed with form and scale of street network, blocks and plots, shows that each urban center of Seoul has certain common attributes in terms of morphology in spite of the difference of formation and development period. However this historical urban forms are rarely applicated in the current urban planning, such as new-town planning or district unit plan. This shows the necessity of modification of urban regulation for preserving the identity of our city and pursuing sustainable development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.169-170
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• 2000

Phytoplankton communities are generally dominated by diatoms in spring and changed to nano- and picoplankton or dinoflagellates groups in summer (Anderson et al., 1994). Many phytoplankton investigators have been used to chlorophyll a as a phytoplankton biomass, as all the phytoplankton contain (Cullen, 1982). The studies of population compositions, primary productivity, chlorophyll a of phytoplankton in the Yellow Sea have been conducted mainly in bays and estuaries with a few studies in the central area of Yellow Sea. This study is to understand the relationship between the environmental factors and cholrophyll a concentration of phytoplnakton in terms of the area and depth in the Yellow Sea and also to identify the characteristics of phytoplankton populations occurring at the most productive periods throughout the yera.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.297-307
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• 2007

This study investigated relationships between engagement in joint attention and the early language development in infancy. Subjects were 12 infants and their mothers. At 20 and 25 months of age, each child's spontaneous natural speech during interaction with his/her caregiver was videotaped for about 30 minutes. The EJA(Episodes of joint attention) focus between mother and child were identified and coded by Tomasello and Todd's(1983) and Bakeman and Adamson's(1984) including person engagement, object engagement, looking engagement, passive joint attention, coordinated joint attention. Results showed that a significant difference in infant's language development between within and outside EJA at 20 and 25 months of age; that is, during periods of EJA children talked more inside than outside EJA.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.485-494
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• 1998

This study is on the theory of Piaget's reflective abstraction and the mechanism of the development of knowledge and the history of algebra and its application to understand the difficulties that many students have in learning algebra. Piaget considers the development of knowledge as a linear process. The stages in the construction of different forms of knowledge are sequential and each stage begins with reorganization. The reorganization consists of the projection onto a higher level from the lower level and the reflection which reconstructs and reorganizes within a lager system that is transferred by profection. Piaget shows that the mechanisms mediating transitions from one historical period to the next are analogous to those mediating the transition from one psychogenetic stage to the next and characterizes the mechanism as the intra, inter, trans sequence. The historical development of algebra is characterized by three periods, which are intra inter, transoperational. The analysis of the history of algebra by the mechanism explains why the difficulties that students have in learning algebra occur and shows that the roles of teachers are important to help students to overcome the difficulties.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.322-328
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• 2008

Recently, the rapid progress of Internet and Network affects engineering design environment as well as Business fields to utilize Web technologies to enhance it's competitively in the world. In product development, experts and organizations actually taking part in the design process are often geographically dispersed. Furthermore, different divisions and businesses often have heterogeneous CAD/CAE systems and methods for expressing product data, and addressing this heterogeneity creates additional costs and causes longer development periods. To ensure successful collaboration in the design process, it is therefore imperative that distributed CAD, CAE, and other related systems be managed in an organic and integrated manner from the initial stages of product development. Therefore, this study suggests Web-based MDO(Multidisciplinary Design Optimization) framework to support interfacing and the collective use of design and analysis tools.