• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2020

We evaluated the hatchability of fertilized eggs from six hybrid combinations of highly valued grouper species inhabiting temperate and warm waters, with the goal of establishing a novel hybrid with enhanced growth and viability during the culturing period in the temperate waters of Korea. Hybrid combinations with red-spotted grouper females exhibited high hatchability with high a fertilization and hatching rate of fertilized eggs and a low deformity rate of hatched larvae. Conversely, hybrid combinations with kelp grouper females had very low hatching rates and very high deformity rates; commercial production of seed from such crosses would be difficult without improving hatchability. The hatchabilities of convict grouper ♀×giant grouper ♂ and kelp grouper ♀×red-spotted grouper ♂ were lower than those of maternal purebreds, but these two hybrid combinations were expected to produce potentially large quantities of hatched larvae. In the above evaluation, promising hybrid combinations were identified for commercial production of seed. For these hybrids to contribute to the development of Korea's mariculture industry, mass production of fertilized eggs and seeds is necessary, along with the development of advanced rearing techniques, such as the identification of a suitable rearing temperature.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.429-433
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• 2011

Eggs of Korean rose bitterling Rhodeus uyekii were collected and fertilized to observe temperature-related cleavage rates and mitotic intervals (${\tau}_0$). As the water temperature was increased, the slope of first cleavage frequency with elapsed time after fertilization increased, and approximately 30% of fertilized eggs reached first cleavage frequency at every 15 min. At higher temperatures, eggs developed faster and underwent further identical developmental processes. There were strong, negative correlations between ${\tau}_0$ and water temperatures at all temperatures studied (Y = -1.225X + 70.05, $r^2=0.988$, where Y is ${\tau}_0$ and X is temperature).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2009

In fresh water fish hatcheries and farms, Saprolegniales often cause serious mortality to the fish and their eggs. Malachite green is an effective antifungal agent, but is carcinogenic to fish and humans. Alternative antifungal agents are needed. Presently, we tested various concentrations of MBT-01108 (Opuntia ficus-indica extracts) alone and in combination with bronopol, formalin and sodium chloride (MBT-01108 mixture) on in vitro mycelial growth and in vivo remediation of adult eel, Anguilla japonica, infected with Saprolegnia sp. and fertilized eggs of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, to evaluate the compounds' antifungal efficacy on eyed-egg and hatching rates. MBT-Oll08 mixtures incorporating bronopol and formalin at respective concentrations of 50 and 30 parts per million (ppm), and 100 and 20 ppm were most effective in controlling Saprolegnia in vitro and in vivo (P<0.05). Repeated daily exposures to 50 ppm and 100 ppm MBT-01108 were more effective than exposure every 2-3 days post-fertilization for the inhibition of Saprolegnia infection of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss eggs as compared with control (0 ppm).

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.90-94
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• 2018

In the present study, we investigated the effects of temperature and photoperiod on oviposition of Protaetia brevitarsis. The effects of long- and short-day cycles on oviposition and egg hatching of P. brevitarsis were investigated at different temperatures. Three male-female pairs were confined to oviposition chambers maintained at $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$, with 16L:8D and 8L:16D photoperiod. Oviposition was observed at all temperatures. The total number of eggs laid per female was between 46.8 and 110.8, and the optimal temperature for oviposition and fertility was between $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, it was difficult for the eggs to hatch at $35^{\circ}C$. Fewer eggs were laid under short photoperiod than under long photoperiod at all temperatures. Hatching success was 93.5% at $20^{\circ}C$, 90.9% at $25^{\circ}C$, 71.5% at $30^{\circ}C$ and 37.3% at $35^{\circ}C$ under long-day(16L:8D) condition and Temperature had a strong effect on the time to hatching. Neither oviposition nor subsequent egg hatching was influenced by photoperiod and temperature. The information obtained will be useful for mass rearing P. brevitarsis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2001

Objective: To determine the effects of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on embryonal development in in vitro culture. Methods: This is designed in vitro model using eggs from mouse. The eggs from mouse were assigned 29 for control group, 53 for 20 ng/ml of LIF, 88 for 40 ng/ml of LIF, 68 for 80 ng/ml of LIF respectively for in vitro fertilization. And 26 fertilized eggs at 2 cell stage from mouse also were assigned. The mouse embryos of all groups were cultured in medium supplemented with LIF in different concentrations, whereas the eggs in control group was cultured in medium without supplement of LIF. Results: At 72 hours culture of eggs from in vitro fertilization, there was a slight increas in rate of embryonal development to morula in both LIF-20 and LIF-40 as results of 64.15% and 75% respectively, while 42.65% in inferior rate of LIF-80, compare with 51.72% in control group. But the difference between these each groups were not significant in statistically ($p{\le}0.05$). And after 96 hours culture of eggs, the rates blastocyst formation was significantly higher in both LIF-20 and LIF-40 as 56.6% and 63.63% than those in control and LIF-80 as 44.83% and 35.29% respectively. On culturing eggs from in vivo fertilization, the rates of blastocyst formation was significantly not only higher as 85% and 81.81% respectively in medium supplemented with LIF-40 and LIF-80 than 42.3% in LIF-20 but also embryonal cell viability were remakedly improved at 96 hours after culture. Conclusion: The LIF in low dose is embryotrophic, but LIF in high dose is embryotoxic on eggs from in vitro fertilization. Whereas on culturing eggs from in vivo fertilization, LIF is more beneficial with dose dependent in high concentration.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.471-490
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• 2023

In this study, the duck eggs were salted with none or 2.5% and 5.0% (v/v) of liquid smoke (LS), respectively. As a control, samples salted without LS were used. The 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, and reducing power of the three groups were tested at 0, 7, 14, and 21 and 28 days to determine the effects of LS on the antioxidant activity of treated eggs. In addition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic nose (E-Nose) were used to analyze the volatile flavor components of fresh duck eggs, LS, control, and salted duck eggs enriched with 2.5% (v/v) LS after 28 days of salting. The TBA value considerably increased with an increase in salting period, and the treated egg's TBA value significantly associated with LS concentration. The TBA value decreased as the LS concentration increased. The amount of LS present was highly associated with their capacity to scavenge DPPH radicals. The reducing power of the samples was substantially correlated with the LS concentration, and the reducing power increased with increasing LS concentration. The GC-MS data revealed that phenols and ketones were the predominant chemicals present in the LS, and they were also found in the eggs added to the LS even though they were absent in the fresh eggs and control. The flavor of the control group and treated eggs with LS differed significantly, according to the principal component analysis and radar map of the E-nose. The texture study results revealed that the LS significantly impacted the hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness of eggs.

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2021

This study was conducted to understand the perception and the usage pattern of egg dishes in university students. The questionnaires were collected from 200 university students residing in Seoul. The age group was 118 (59.0%) in 20s, 50 (25.0%) in 30s, and 32 (16.5%) in 40s and older. Also, 179 (89.5%) were undergraduate students and 21 (10.5%) were graduates. The result of food preferences in the overall survey was as follows: Meats and Poultry (4.46±1.03) > Seafoods (2.92±1.41) > Fruits (2.91±1.17) > Eggs (2.50±1.10) > Vegetables (2.21±1.17). The preference of foods using eggs as the main ingredient was as follows: Rolled egg (4.07±0.81) > Steamed egg (4.05±0.91) > Scrambled egg (3.83±1.03) > Rice omelet (3.77±1.03). The preference of foods using eggs as sub-ingredient was Egg in Ramyeon (4.11±1.08) > Fried egg over Bibimbob (3.87±0.91) > Sliced boiled egg in Naengmyeon (3.78±1.11). The preference of eggs as desserts was Egg tart (4.01±1.08) > Sponge cake (3.72±1.09) > Egg bread (3.63±1.13). The result of the frequency of eating eggs indicating that approximately two-thirds of university students consumed eggs more than 3 times a week. Although there was no significant difference, male students not only consumed eggs more frequently than female students, but also consumed a higher amount. In recent years, since one-person household in college students tends to increase, it is more important to save cooking time and food quality. Thus, the development and dissemination of various egg recipes should be prioritized for university students.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1367-1373
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of heating hatching eggs on the number of day-old chicks, egg temperature and egg weight during extended storage, and to provide basic information for improving hatchability to livestock producers. Eggs (Hy-line) were subjected to the following treatments: "control": eggs were maintained in an incubator after storage for 8 days; "T1": eggs were preheated for 8 hours at $23.9^{\circ}C$ after storage for 8 days in a hatchery; "T2": eggs were initially heated for 8 hours at $37.8^{\circ}C$ in an incubator and then preheated for 8 hours at $23.9^{\circ}C$ in a hatchery after storage for 8 days. The results were as follows: First, at the end of the experiment, the total number of day-old chicks was higher in T1, followed by T2 and then the control. This indicated that chick hatchability may be improved when eggs are preheated. Second, compared with the control, the number of day-old female chicks was expected to be higher in treatments with pre-heating; however, the results indicated the opposite effect. Third, as storage time lengthened, the factor that influenced preheating (the main effect and interactions) was not egg weight but egg temperature measured in the upper, middle and bottom parts of incubator. The temperatures recorded in all treatments ranged from 37.97 to $38.40^{\circ}C$ in the upper parts of incubator, 37.80 to $38.26^{\circ}C$ in the middle parts of incubator, and 37.94 to $38.59^{\circ}C$ in the bottom parts of incubator over storage. In conclusion, preheating was very effective in improving hatchability, and egg temperature was the main factor affecting preheating and hatchability.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2017

On June 14, 2008 (the first experiment) and July 24, 2008 (the second experiment), the shores of the Boseong River and the sandy beaches, Seokgok-myun, Moksadong-myun, Gokseong-gun in Jeollanam Province were investigated and a total of 29 soft-shelled turtle (Tryonyx sinensis) eggs in the natural spawning nest eggs were collected (13 eggs were collected in the first experiment and 16 eggs in the second experiment). The temperatures in the natural spawning nests were $25.9-36.9{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, the depth of the eggs was $5.2-7.5{\pm}0.5cm$ as the distance of the average $6.4{\pm}0.5cm$. 29 eggs were scattered at least 0.2 cm interval. Artificial incubation of 29 eggs was conducted in artificial nest boxes in thermo-plastic composition of the incubator, and then incubated at $26.5-35.5{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, and an average constant temperature was $31.2-32.1{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$. The incubation days ranged from 53 to 55. In case of most turtles, incubation at $31^{\circ}C$ (higher temperatures) generally produces all or mostly females, while incubation at $25^{\circ}C$(cooler temperatures) produces all or mostly males. Exceptionally, in case of genus Trionyx, the sex ratio of female : male of T. sinensis of a freshwater soft-shelled turtle was approximately 1:1, which differs from other genera of turtles and makes T. sinensis Strauch only turtles presently known to lack temperature-dependent sex determination.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 1996

Nosema bombycis의 경란전염은 집누에의 경우 난내 및 난면의 두가지 경로가 존재하는 것으로 입증되었다. 난내에서 병원체가 존재하는 부위가 난각 조직을 제외한 장액막, 난황, 배자 등이였다. 난내에 침입한 병원체는 난의 발육과 동조적으로 발육 증식하므로써 오랜 시일이 경과하여도 불활화 되지 않는 동시에 감염난의 치사를 줄일 수 있으며, 병원체가 안전하고 확실하게 차대의 유충으로 전달되므로난내경로는 경난전염율이 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 난면경로는 감염 모체의 아충에 의한 난 표면의 오염이 주 원인으로서, N. bombycis 감염아는 100%가 아뇨에 병원체가 검출되며, 4.6$\pm$0.24)X106/ml의 포자를 함유하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 난 표면에 부착된 병원포자는 비휴면란에 도말하였을 때, 10일 정도 경과 후 부화된 유충의 54.5%가 감염되었으나, 월년 보호하거나 침산한 경우 차대잠의 감염은 인정되지 않았다. 따라서, 집누에 월년란의 경우 경란전염에 의한 질병의 만연에는 난내경로가 주요한 것으로 결론지었다.