• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2002

It has been known well that Traffic Conflict Technique(TCT) used to evaluate the safety of intersections in the case of shortage of traffic accidents data and surveying time. Because data for using in traffic conflict technique that is collected by trained surveyors, it is rely on the knowledge, experience and the characteristics of them. The data of surveying generate varying result. So, its variance must minimize and then it is considered of calculating in traffic conflict technique however obviously technique to minimize has not developed until now. So, this paper has a focus on the technical method to minimize the variance. For this, it applied the fuzzy reasoning theory to the existed traffic conflict technique that is the most comprehensive method in the country and then developed the new traffic conflict technique model. Fuzzy reasoning theory is a very appropriate method for minimizing the variance among surveyors because it can systematically calculate the uncertainty of surveyors by approximation reasoning structure. The result of analysis from pilot study, the new Procedure in this Paper minimized the variance by 53 Percentiles and it increased the value of conversion factor two times than the exited traffic conflict technique. The method proposed in this paper, it can be used for evaluating the safety of intersection, and before and after analysis of improving Project of black spots.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.63-70
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• 2009

This study is part of an ongoing research project on the development of a sound-absorbing lightweight foamed concrete manufactured by a hydro-thermal reaction between silica and calcium. As the silica source, pulverized bottom ash was used, and as several cementitious powders of ordinary portland cement, alumina cement and calcium hydroxide were used. Manufacture of foamed concrete was accomplished using the pre-foaming method to make a continuous pore system, which is the method of making the foam by using a foaming agent, then making the slurry by mixing the foam, water, and powders. The experiment factors are W/B, foam agent dilution ratio, and foam ratio, and test items are compressive strength, dry density, void ratio, and absorption rate, as evaluated by NRC. The experiment results showed that the sound absorption of lightweight foamed concrete satisfied NRC requirements for the absorbing materials in most of the experiments. It is thus concluded that foam ratio was the most dominant factor, and significantly affected all properties of lightweight foamed concrete in this study. W/B rarely affected total void ratio and continuous void ratio as well as compressive strength, and dry density and foam agent dilution ratio also had little effect onalmost all properties. The analysis of the correlation between NRC, absorption time, continuous void ratio, and absorption time showed that the interrelationship of the continuous void ratio was high.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.860-868
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• 2009

To provide adequate fit for women over a range of sizes, the grading process should reflect their body dimensions. Current methods of creating sized garments are not addressing the need for a good or even an adequate fit for the easy-order system. This study suggests a grading rule allocating system that can improve the appropriateness of clothing for uniform easy-order system. Also, the study proposes a bi-directional grading method subdivided to horizontal and vertical direction. The grading rule allocating system suggested the size increments which improve the fitness of uniform. Using the 5th Size Korea data, the crosstabulation was conducted with 1305 females in the age group $20{\sim}49$ years, and the size increments including $155\sim165$ of height section and $79\sim94$ of bust section, was selected for easy-order system. Also, the bi-directional grading method subdivided in horizontal and vertical direction was followed by factor analysis based on the circumference and height. And the grading rules were calculated by regression analysis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 1996

Through the previous studies(I,II), it was observed that human follicular fluid(HFF) was more effective than human fetal cord serum(HFCS) on promoting meiotic resumption of oocytes and improving embryonic development of mouse in vitro. On the basis of these results, we have gradually exchanged HFCS with HFF as protein supplement in human ART. This study was performed to investigate the efficiency of HFF on improving the pregnancy rate in ART. Oocytes were retrieved transvaginally from patients treated with pituitary suppression with GnRH-agonist and ovarian stimulation with human menopausal gonadotro-pin(HMG) and pure follicle stimulating hormone(FSH). Aspirated oocytes were rinsed and cultured in TCM-199 containing HFF, and the concentrations of HFF were adjusted to 10, 20, and 30% according to the use for insemination, embryo growth and embryo transfer, respectively. As possible as, we tried to do embryo transfer into fallopian tube to mimic the coincidence of the cell stage with the place of sojourn in vivo, so we performed various ART programs(IVF & ET; in vitro fertilization, ZIFT; zygote intra fallopian-tube transfer, ZIFT & ET) according to the tubal conditions of patients. On the while, intra cytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) was used to assist IVF of the patients who had shown poor standard IVF results by immunological or severe male factor. Of the 255 cycles of ART programs using HFF as protein supplement, 118 cycles were turn out to be succeeded in pregnancy(46.2%, per cycle, p<0.05), while 21 pregnancies were achieved in the 69 cycles using HFCS(30.4%). The 255 cycles using HFF were subdivided into cycles with the type of ART programs, and each pregnancy rate of the ART programs were 44.7% (IVF & ET, 76/170 cycles), 53.4%(ZIFT, 31/58 cycles) and 40.7% (ZIFT & ET, 11/27 cycles), respectively. In the 61 ICSI cycles using HFF, 28 cycles succeed in pregnancy(45.9%), while 7 pregnancies were obtained in the 17 ICSI cycles using HFCS. Also the ongoing pregnancy rate in the group using HFF(78.8%, 93/118 cycles) was higher than that in the group using HFCS(61.9%). Therefore, we found that the use of HFF as protein supplement was more suitable and effective than the use of HFCS to improve the pregnancy rate in ART.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.136-154
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• 2010

This study aims to suggest theoretical models to examine the composition factors of recognition, image, attitude toward Korean food and its globalization and investigate their relationships, which was analyzed based on the results of a survey. To achieve this research purpose, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis and the analysis of Cronbach a values were performed using the SPSS 13.0 program, and multiple regression analysis and simple regression analysis were also performed to analyze their relationships. The results of this study are as follows. First, the recognition of Korean food influenced its image and attitude toward it. Second, image of Korean food had an effect on attitude toward it. Third, both image and attitude regarding Korean food influenced globalization of Korean food. Accordingly, what this study can contribute to in the development of Korean food culture are as follows. First, this study will contribute to making a good image of Korean food and its globalization by changing people's recognition, image, and attitude toward Korean food and making them interested in Korean food suitable for globalization. Second, this study will help to make detailed marketing strategies to globalize Korean products and culture through Korean food. Third, this study will be helpful for improving the image of Korean food and creating economic benefits by attracting Korean food tourism. Moreover, it will help to give Korean people hope and pride of their lives. Fourth, this study will help to promote activation of Korean food tourist resources by connecting Korean food recognized to be LOHAS and well-being foods with Korean cultural tourist resorts. Fifth, this study will make people have right recognition and attitude by developing nature-friendly and healthy Korean food culture. Sixth, this study will be a detonator for more active studies by encouraging researchers to be concerned about and participate in globalization and commercialization of Korean food continually.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.380-393
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the lift-style and eating behavior of stomach cancer patients in the Daegu and Kyungpook area, and to collect basic data for nutrition education designed to prevent stomach cancer in this community. The subjects of the study were 102 patients who were recently diagnosed as having stomach cancer at the Kyungpook National University Hospital. The control subjects were 105 persons who did not have any gastrointestinal disease, and included patients from the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and healthy volunteers. The survey, which covered the personal characteristics and eating behavior of the subjects, was conducted by individual interviews using questionnaires. It was found that the stomach cancer patients (case group) had experienced a significantly higher level of stress in their daily lives than the control group. A significantly higher proportion of the case group subjects recognized their personality as pessimistic, and had family histories of cancer, compared with the control group subjects. The cancer patients had higher preferences for salty and hot tasting foods, and tended to ingest meals faster without enough chewing, compared with the control subjects. The level of nutritional knowledge of the case group was lower than the control group, and there was a positive correlation between subjects' nutritional knowledge scores and nutritional attitude scores. Subjects' estimates of their food intake frequencies during the decade before the cancer was diagnosed revealed that the case group consumed significantly higher amounts of pickled fish, soybean paste soup and stew, cooked vegetables, beef and pork, charcoal broiled meat and alcohol, while consuming significantly lower amounts of green tea than the control group. In summary, the results of the study suggest that the stress of daily life, a family history of cancer, and a pessimistic personality might be the risk factors for the development of stomach cancer. Dietary factors which were suspected as risk factors for stomach cancer in the present study included strong preferences to salty and hot lasting foods, poor eating habits, and frequent consumption of pickled fish, soybean paste soup, cooked vegetables, beef and pork, charcoal broiled meat and alcohol. A high consumption of green tea seemed to be a protective factor against stomach cancer. The results of the study appear to provide useful data for nutritional education focussed on the prevention on stomach rancor in local residents.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

Until the early part of the 1990s, interior design has never been thought important by car makers. Repeated attempts have been made to systemize a technical structure, such as layout, driving method, and size, and the car's interior design has been developed by in simple comparison with the exterior design. In the 1990s, however, this trend began to change because consumers began spending more time in their cars, so the motive of the technology development became that of giving comfort and functional satisfaction to the customers. Observing how a person spends inside his or her car and considering the latest trends in car interiors have made a consumer-oriented sense of value i.e., intensifying the personality of the car's interior design and considering the emotional makeup of the consumer factor in the acquisition of a strategic brand identity. These days, car interiors assume a new concept every year due to the constant change in various factors, and the application of a high-tech design, with a sensing function and a navigation system, to achieve driverless running, is being raised as a key trend element technology for the future. Now, at the present when multilateral concept applications of design are attempted under the direct influences from other fields such as product design, fashion and furniture, I would like to lay stress on investigating and analysing the changes in car interior design varying with the background of the times and formative characteristics from the object point of view. On this study, I would like to compare the background of the times and flow of car interior design with priority given to crash pad and would like to attempt to present the direction of the future car interior design together with diversifying major technical factors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.8 s.86
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• pp.19-29
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to categorize subway station areas in Seoul by rail use characteristic. Most studies have categorized rail-oriented areas, based on land use patterns or/and urban spatial structure in Korea as well as the United States. However, the land use pattern of a subway station area tends to form by the real use of subway users since the latter plays an important role in forming the former. Therefore, the study is expected to contribute to the planning and policy of subway station areas in Seoul by analyzing characteristics of rail use. To achieve the purpose, the study uses a factor analysis for rail use, in terms of time of the day and day of the week. and then conducted a multidimensional scaling method to identify a relation of the real pattern to land use pattern. The results find that the Seoul subway station areas are categorized into residential, commercial and recreational, and office-centered ones. Furthermore, unlike the results of previous studies, the study identifies that many station areas have the mixed characteristics of economic activities. That is, they form more than a centered function such as residential and commercial, residential and office, commercial and office, residential, commercial and office. In addition, the study identifies that there is a close connection between rail use and land one. In short, identification of these mixed characteristics for subway station areas is expected to contribute to developing the planning and development method of TOD in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

Recently alternating-current Plasma Display Panel(AC-PDP) is in the spotlight as a digital television and high definition television. The panel structure widely adapted in commercial AC-PDP is three electrodes surface discharge type. At present time, the luminous efficiency is around 1lm/W, it should be a key factor for the commercialization. For the high luminous efficiency, the development of panel structure is necessary. At a given panel structure, a driving method should be optimized to get a sufficient luminous efficiency. The display image of AC-PDP could be realized by the repeated light emission from the discharge. Because most of discharge power is consumed in the sustaining period, the optimization of sustaining waveform is very important for the high luminous efficiency. ADS (Address and Display period Separated) driving method is commonly used. The average driving frequency of ADS driving method is ranged by several tens kilo of [kHz], however the actual frequency of sustaining period is in range of 100[kHz] to 200[kHz]. Based on this study, when the phosphor emits the visible light, it has a decay time of few milliseconds due to the material transfer to the phosphor to emit the visible light. Consequently the luminous efficiency decreases in proportion to the driving frequency. It is found that the luminous efficiency could be significantly improved by the low frequency sustaining driving method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.106-106
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• 2003

Human papillomavirus type 16(HPV16) has been known to the major factor for the development of uterine cervical carcinomas. We have extended these studies to investigate the in vivo activities of HPV-16 E6/E7 when expressed in squamous epithelia of transgenic mice. Grossly, hK14HPV16E6/E7 transgenic mice had multiple phenotypes, including wrinkled skin that was apparent prior to the appearance of hair on neonates, thickened ears, and loss of hair in adults. In the transgenic mice, the wrinkled skin phenotype on the body and legs died at the age of 3-4 weeks. Histological analysis of demonstrated that E6/E7 causes epidermal hyperplasia in multiple transgenic lineages with high penetrance. This epithelial hyperplasia was characterized by an expansion of the proliferating compartment and an expansion of the keratinocyte and was associated with hyperkeratosis. These transgenic mice expressed E6/E7 transgene mainly in skin, heart, pancreas and kidney. Hyperplasia was found at the skin. The enzyme activities of GR, GPx and CuZnSOD were measured from the transgene cause keratinocyte at the skin. The specific enzyme activities were significantly higher in transgenic mice skin compared to the normal mice skin. Thus these transgenic mice may be useful for the develpment of antioxidant enzymes or other therapies for HPV-associated hyperkeratosis.