• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.320-331
• /
• 1996

Electrophoretic comparisons of 482 individuals of Todarodes pacificus from 9 fishing areas were made to estimate genetic variability and differentiation using 17 enzymes. Strong activities were shown by 9 enzymes with 11 gene loci. The 9 sample lots could be divided into 3 genetic groups, based on dendrogram analysis using the Nei's genetic distance. The Summer, Autumn and Winter cohorts were identified as three seperated ecological populations which maintain genetic exchange. It is postulated that either the Summer cohort or the Autumn cohort has indepenently developed a local population that was isolated by hydrographic factors.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2010

Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary genetically modified (GM) soya and com on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus and rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. For each fish species, four isonitrogenous (50% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.1 kcal/g) diets (designated as nGM soya, GM soya, nGM com and GM com) were formulated to contain 20% non-GM (nGM) and GM soya and com. Thirty olive flounder (initial body weight, 15.4${\pm}$0.4 g) and fifty rockfish (initial body weight, 3.1${\pm}$0.02 g) were distributed in each 400 L tank (200 L water) in a flow through system. Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish to visual satiation, twice a day (9:00 hand 17:00 h) for 6 weeks. Growth performance was measured every three weeks. No effects of GM feedstuffs on survival were observed. Dietary inclusion of GM feedstuffs did not affect growth performance and feed utilization of fishes, except for rockfish fed GM com. Rockfish fed the GM com diet showed higher weight gain, daily feed intake and daily protein intake than did fish fed the nGM com diet, but no significant differences were observed in final body weight between the dietary treatments. Condition factor, hepatosomatic index, visceral somatic index and body composition were not altered by the inclusion of GM feedstuffs. These results indicate that dietary inclusion of GM soya and com could have no effects on growth performance and feed utilization of juvenile flounder and rockfish. Lower weight gain and feed intake in flounder and rockfish fed the diets containing 20% soya were likely due to anti-nutritional factors, rather than transgenic factors in the feedstuffs. Dietary inclusion of GM soya and com at the level tested did not alter the body composition of fishes. Further studies to investigate the effects of GM feedstuffs on health conditions and the development of fishes, as well as those of residue of transgenic fragments in ambient environments and in animals are necessary for safe use of the ingredients in aquaculture.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.3 no.2 s.6
• /
• pp.43-61
• /
• 1995

The national land use plan that targets the whole national land and all kinds of urban plans that targets a city or a part of city must be performed continuously now and after that. Therefore, the importance of land use plan, that is included in those plans, is very big and crucial. This study scrutinizes the detail zoning land suitability analysis which bases on urban basis plan and the GSIS application plan about allocation, applied various basic theory which is arranged in that course to study area, and try to develop the land use suitability analysis system, a application system The programing language used in system development is the AML of ARC/INFO. On this study, the results divide into four parts. First, we develop the land use suitability analysis system and can simplify and automatize a complicated analysis course and this system will be more useful to the land use suitability analysis. Second, the analysis range is expanded, considering the circumstance environmental factor of planning area outside. So we can implement more comprehensive analysis. Third, we apply a precedency conception and a legal restrictive element that base on urban characteristics and urban space structure theory to this study, develop a computerized method about distributive method, and can allocate the detail zone in the various ways. Finally, the next studies that can clear the detail zone suitability criteria and the correlation of the relationship of materials are essential to improve the accuracy and confidence in this analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.10 no.1 s.34
• /
• pp.23-37
• /
• 2007

Since 1964, HSR, which was opened in Japan, has had a hoge impact on the world. Historically, HSR has similar characteristics to the Roman Road, which promoted rapid movement and hada great influence on international society as transport infrastructure. Recently the development of HSR has become more rapid because of economic, environmental and external cost concern, emphasizing Environmentally Sustainable Transport(EST). In particular, the external cost has become more important factor for justifying HSR. The successful factors of HSR are high demand and cost minimal construction costs. There are two successful HSR models, the Japanese and the French. The former operates based on high demand oriented and the latter focuses on its minimizing costs. The demand orientated model means HSR carries over 100,000 passengers per day as in Japan and Far East Asian countries. The cost minimized model focuses on lower operation and construction costs as in France. In particular, Germany carries both passengers and freight on HSR. The construction costs in Germany are in between those of Japan and France. In future, Korea, Taiwan and China HSR will follow Japan's successful model because of high population density and concentration of economic activity along railway lines. This paper supports Vickerman's argument that HSR is justified where there is a demand of between 12 million and 15 million railway passenger a year(about 40thousand persons/day) between two urban center. This will be shown in the future in Korea, in Taiwan and China. Finally, this paper reviews that HSR activates at 250km/h for dedicated new lines and 200km/h for upgraded lines. In particular, it is successful in area of high population density and cost minimizing technology.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.162-171
• /
• 1994

Objects : This study was carried out to develop the Korean form of Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version(LOI-CV) designed to assess the obsessive compulsive symptoms in children and adolescents. The LOI-CV was modified into a paper-and-pencil form in order to administer it to group. Methods : We applied the Korean form LOI-CV to 127 elementary, middle and high school children, and retest it to 82 children with 3 weeks interval. Together with LOI-CV, Korean form of SCL-90-R which had been proved its reliability and validity, were administered to the all subjects for examining of concurrent validity. And then we examined whether this scale discriminates between obsessive patients, psychiatric controls and normal controls in the level of obsessive symptoms. Results : Test-retest reliability, internal consistency were very satisfactory. Concurrent validity with SCL-90-R was moderate level. And obsessive patients was scored significantly higher than psychiatric and normal controls in the level of obsessive symptoms. In factor analysis, items are clustered to 5 factors. In the global obsessive symptom, obsessive scores of female elimentary school students were higher than that of male students. Conclusions : These results indicate that the Korean form of LOI-CV is reliable and valid self-rating scale to assess the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Korean children and adolescents. Author suggests that future research is needed for Korean version standardization study in normal and clinic-refered population.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2014

This study is the first model to apply the concept of media engagement to a political campaign by which the voters' mind toward the supporting political candidates, are read. Thus it provides the theoretical and practical implications to the political campaign, and eventually contributes to the development of democracy. For these objectives, the total of 729 people who have the right to vote were telephone surveyed using the peoplemeter, CATI program in the 18th Presidential Election (12 areas including Seoul) of Dec. 19th 2012, and Re and By-election of April 24th 2013. Research question is to examine how the 5 attributes of the media engagement (interest, immersion, relevance, satisfaction and participation), play a role as the moderating variables in cross-correlation, socio-economic status and media properties. The result shows that of the five properties of media engagement, the relevant factor is the important parameter of mediating variable to the causal relationship. The media usage (TV, SNS, print media), socio-economic status (gender, age, income, marriage and area), involvement and the Presidential Election, and Re and By-election are also effective in the five attributes of media engagement. These results suggest that the a study model can measure the campaign effectiveness. This study will contribute significantly to the development of politics, election, media, advertising, and public relations area as well as to promote interdisciplinary research.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.39-53
• /
• 2013

Although the efficient formation of urban space structure is a key factor in energy saving and environmentally-friendly aspect, the maintenance of the center and sub-center of the city that are key factors has been becoming increasingly difficult due to the variability and complexity of urban activities. In the case of Busan, amid the expansion of urban scale due to rapid economic development and overpopulation, systematic approaches to professional diagnosis and maintenance have been significantly insufficient - other than the city basic plan which has been conducted at an interval of 20 years. For the effective management of urban central area, systematic monitoring of the CBD through demand forecast and blight forecast at a city level must first be implemented. In order to fulfill this goal, this study is to figure out the current state of the CBD through the diagnosis on blight of the urban central area in the viewpoint of rehabilitation of the CBD and to propose the measures for practical utilization of the information about space for the further management of the central area of the city. For analysis, the study looks into the present state in terms of physical index, economic index, and social index. And then as a micro-approach by utilizing economic index, the study has thoroughly examined the economic blight of the Seomyun urban central area of Busan. The outcome of the analysis shows that in terms of population distribution and land utilization the area is in the stage of inefficient dispersion after having gone through the stage of suburbanization. It is expected that this study, as the material that proves the necessity of enhancing the function of the CBD, can propose the direction for the management of the urban center of Busan through blight prediction and management of the urban center and can provide the basic data for the long-term urban development that aims at the efficient strengthening of functions of the CBD.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.713-719
• /
• 2018

At present, Busan City has proposed various taxi industry development measures, but fundamentally there is a problem that the taxi supply is excessive compared to the demand. Therefore, this study tried to explore ways to activate the taxi reduction. We first identified problems with the taxi reduction program in Busan, and analyze thoughts of taxi operators and workers. As a result, difficulties in securing funding and lack of consent from a large number of stakeholders were identified as the first problem for current taxi reduction program. Second, both groups recognize the need for the taxi reduction, and taxi drivers are more willing to participate in the program. Third, the most important factor in determining to take the taxi reduction program was the amount of compensation. And to activate taxi reduction program, it is helpful for executives to improve their management conditions and for drivers to place reemployment.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.551-561
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of mothers' attitudes on preparing baby foods for their children's food habits and development. The subjects were allocated to 419 preschool children, aged 3 - 5 years. This study surveyed by questionnaire, which was answered by the children's mothers. Subjects were classified by two groups, active and passive, based on their mothers' weaning attitudes. In the active group, mothers tried to make a variety of foods for preparing the baby foods, whereas mothers in the passive group didn't try to make it too much. Family income was higher in the active group and the subject' mothers had more jobs than those in the passive group, whereas their parent's education levels showed no differences. According to Rohrer index, 2.6% of subjects were obese in the active group, whereas 7.7% in the passive group. These data were shown significantly different between the groups. There were no differences in mother's food habits and breast-feeding versus formula feeding between the two groups. However, children's food habits were shown statistically different between the two groups. Higher regularity of meals, higher frequencies of snacks at home, higher frequencies of fruit, com, sweet potato as a snacks and less instant foods were revealed in the active group more than in the passive group. The major problem of children's food habits was an unbalanced diet (52.7%) and the major reasons for unbalanced diet were the taste (58.7%) and the texture (23.2%). The active uoup used more fruits and vegetables than the passive group. Also there were significant differences to solve problems of children's unbalanced diets. In the positive group, 14.4% of mothers tried to develop new cooking methods for solving the problem of an unbalanced diet, but 8.2% did in the passive group. furthermore, 2.3% of mothers in the positive group removed unpleasant items of the food, whereas 6.9% did in the passive. The average nutritional knowledge scores on a 10 scale were 7.2 and 6.9 in active and passive groups, respectively, and they were statistically different. Mothers among the active group explained the knowledge for food and nutrition to their children more than those in the passive group. These results suggest that mothers' attitudes for baby food are an important factor for forming their children's food habits. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a nutritional education program, materials and new recipes for a variety of baby foods to mothers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.108 no.4
• /
• pp.645-654
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status of and necessity for forest education in Korea in order to promote educational programs on the topic among different age groups. A survey conducted among 1,542 adults nationwide indicated that different age groups had variable degrees of awareness and experience of forest education programs. Specifically, older people responded more positively in terms of awareness, experience, and willingness to engage with forest education programs, and engaging in individual holistic development. In addition, participant companion types and motivation for participating in forest education programs were different among age groups. Regarding motivation for participating in forest education programs, all groups answered, "to enjoy the forest landscape," "to experience new things," and "to refresh themselves." In particular, individuals in their 30s had a desire to learn, while those in their 50s had a desire for a healthy lifestyle. Additionally, people in their 40s showed the highest participation rate in forest education programs, alongside their children and family members. In terms of operating period, older individuals preferred long-term operating programs. Accessibility was the most important factor for all age groups when selecting forest education programs. We hope that this study will be useful for the development and promotion of forest education programs for all age groups.