• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제52권1호
• /
• pp.5-12
• /
• 2013

비트의 주요 해충인 흰띠명나방을 9개의 다른 온도조건(15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, 32.5 및 $35.0^{\circ}C$), 상대습도 $65{\pm}5%$, 광조건 16L:8D에서 발육특성을 조사한 결과, 알에서 성충 우화 전까지의 발육기간은 $17.5^{\circ}C$에서 51.0일로 가장 길었고, $35^{\circ}C$에서 14.6일로 가장 짧게 조사되었다. 온도와 발육율의 관계를 직선회귀에 의해 분석한 결과, 결정계수($R^2$) 값이 0.87 이상으로 나타났으며, 온도에 따른 발육은 직선회귀에 부합되었다. 알부터 성충 우화 전까지의 발육영점온도와 유효적산온도는 $10.4^{\circ}C$와 384.7일도를 나타내었다. 각 태별 발육모형은 $R^2$값이 0.97~0.99로 비선형회귀식에 잘 부합되었다. 각 태별 발육누적분포와 발육기간에 대한 평균 발육기간으로 나눈 값을 Weibull 함수에 적용한 결과 $r^2$값이 0.63~0.87이었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.113-120
• /
• 1993

본 연구는 제외생산된 돼지 수정란의 처1외발생율을 제고하기 위하여 각종 배양액파 돼지난구세포 혹은 생 쥐태아간세포와의 공동배양 효과플 조사하였다 m-KRB, BECM 및 TCM-HEPES 배양액을 공시하 여 제외수정란을 배양한 결과 배반포기까지 발달하는 비율은 전처리구에서 0~1.0%로써 극히 저조하였다. 특히 대부분의 수정란은 4-세포기 단계에서 발달이 정지되었다. 한편, 단층세포가 유도된 돼지 난구세포나 생쥐 태아간세포와 함께 제외수정란을 공동배양한 결파 2, 4-, 8~16-, 32-세포기, 상실배가 빛 배반포로 받달하는 비율은 각각 61.1~67.0%, 59.0~58.0%, 42.5~43.1%, 28.4~30.2% 및 20.4~21.0%였다 이러한 결파는 단순배양액에서 체외배양한 수정란의 발탄 성적 보다유의하게 높은 것이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 1세포기 수정란을 체외에서 배양할때 체세포와의 공동배양은 수정란의 체외발달을 촉진하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of biological factors on the in vitro production(IVP) of bovine oocytes for development of simple culture methods and medium. Oocytes from the slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized using general protocol and this study was examined if there were necessary to co-culture, media change, media type and embryo density. This results were as follows: 1. The development rate according to co-culture with cumulus cells and non co-culture as drop culture was not significantly different in cleavage (68.9 vs 71.7%), 8-cell stage (41.2 vs 44.1%) and blastocyst stage (12.2 vs 13.8%), respectively (p<0.05) 2. The blastocyst development rates in YS and CRIaa were higher than that in TCM199 (12.4, 10.4$ vs 3.7%), but the cleavage (69.0, 77.8 and 61.0%) and 8-cell stage (31.7, 37.0 and 35.7%) development accoring to YS, TCM199 and CRIaa ws not significantly different, respectively (p<0.05). 3. There was no significantly different in cleavage (62.6, 59.5 and 61.2%), 8-cell(34.7, 37.9 and 34.0%) and blastocyst (9.5, 11.6 and 12.8%) development among medium change time as control, Group I and Group II, respectively (p<0.05). 4. Blastocyst formation of 8-cell stage according to embryo density was not significantly different in 1, 10 and 25 embryos (27.3, 22.5 and 34.0%), respectively (p<0.05). These results indicated that simple culture system could reduce bovine IVP embryos as drop culture as non co-culture system, high density embryo (25 embryos/50 $\mu$1 drop). YS defined medium and no medium change for whole culture period, although other biological factors need to examine in order to produce efficient IVP bovine embryos.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.220-227
• /
• 2005

The estrogenic phenolic compounds, nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol(OP), bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol mono- and diethoxylate ($NP_{1-2}EO$) were analyzed in 24 surface water samples from six rivers flowing into Masan Bay. All of the phenolic compounds were detected in all six rivers in high concentrations. The most abundant compound was $NP_{1-2}EO$ (86.0%), followed by NP ($10.1 \%$), BPA ($3.6\%$) and OP ($0.3\%$). The levels of phenolic compounds were 1.42-22.70 ${\mu}g$/L for $NP_{1-2}EO$, 0.15-1.68 ${\mu}g$/L for NP, 0.024-0.610 ${\mu}g$/L for BPA and 0.003-0.067 ${\mu}g$/L for OP. Especially, high concentrations were recorded in the rivers that pass through industrial complexes. The concentrations of phenolic compounds observed in these river waters were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than the reported acute toxicity levels (hundreds of micrograms per liter). However, they were only slightly lower than the chronic toxicity levels. Most of the water samples also exceeded the Canadian nonylphenolic compounds water quality guideline, 1 ${\mu}g$/L, for the protection of aquatic life and the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC), 0.33 ${\mu}g$/L for NP and 0.12 ${\mu}g$/L for $NP_{1-2}EO$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 2007

The main purpose of this study was to improve the efficiency and quality of in vitro embryo production in Korean Native Cows (KNC). We examined the effects of ovarian morphologies (Experiment 1) and the culture vessel (Experiment 2) on in vitro maturation (IVM). We measured the subsequent development rates and cell numbers of blastocysts. In Experiment 1, the ovaries of KNC were divided into six groups, based on follicle and corpus luteum (CL) morphology. The development rates to the 2- and 8-cell stages were similar among the six groups. The development rates to blastocyst stages were significantly higher in the group without a CL or follicle (WOCL/F) than in the groups with follicular cysts (FCs), regressive CLs (RCLs) or cystic CLs (CCLs) (p<0.05). The cell number of the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocysts in the FCs and RCLs groups, and the number of cells in the trophectoderm (TE) in the WOCL/F group, FCs, growing CLs (GCLs) and RCLs were significantly higher than in other groups (p<0.05). The total cell number (TCN) in the WOCL/F, FC and RCL groups was also significantly higher than in other groups (p<0.05). The ICM cell number/TCN ratio was significantly higher in the FC and RCL groups than in the GCL and DF groups (p<0.05). In Experiment 2, oocyte IVM was carried out in culture dishes, in 0.25- or 0.5-ml straws used for freezing sperm. The development rate to the 2-cell stage was significantly higher in the 0.5-ml straw group than in the 0.25-ml straw group. The development rates to the blastocyst stage were similar in the dish and the two straw groups. There were no differences in the cell numbers of ICM, TE or TCN or ICM cell number/TCN ratios between groups.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 2012

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of in vitro culture media on embryonic development of in vitro-matured (IVM) oocytes after parthenogenetic activation (PA) in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with porcine follicular fluid, cysteine, pyruvate, EGF, insulin, and hormones for the first 22 h and then further cultured in hormone-free medium for an additional 22~26 h. IVM oocytes were activated by electric pulses and cultured in porcine zygote medium-3 (PZM-3) and North Carolina State University-23 supplemented with essential and non-essential amino acids (NCSU-23aa). These media were further modified by supplementing 2.77 mM myo-inositol, 0.34 mM trisodium citrate, and $10{\mu}M$ ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol (designated as mPZM-3 and mNCSU-23aa, respectively). Culture of PA embryos in mPZM-3 significantly increased development to the blastocyst stage than culture in NCSU-23aa (36.2% vs. 24.8%, p<0.05). Modified PZM-3 showed a significantly higher blastocyst formation than NCSU-23aa in both groups of embryos that were activated at 44 h and 48 h of IVM (51.0% vs. 35.5% and 49.0% vs. 34.2% in oocytes activated at 44 h and 48 h of IVM, respectively). Irrespective of the follicle diameter where oocytes were collected, embryonic development to the blastocyst stage was increased (p<0.05) by the culture in mPZM-3 compared to culture in NCSU-23aa (25.9% vs. 34.2% and 32.9% vs. 44.8% in embryos derived from small and medium size follicles, respectively). Our results demonstrated that culture media had significant effect on preimplantation development PA embryos and that mPZM-3 was superior to mNCSU-23 in supporting development to the blastocyst stage in pigs. This beneficial effect of mPZM-3 on embryonic development was not impaired by other factors such as time of oocyte activation and origin of immature oocytes (small and medium size follicles).

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 침투성 살충제 thiacloprid와 비침투성 살충제 lufenuron을 포도에 살포시 유대와 무대조건에서 이들 약제의 잔류량 변화를 경시적으로 분석하여 잔류패턴을 비교하고자 하였다. 시험은 전북 김제 포장에서 수행하였으며 시험대상 포도의 품종은 켐벨이었다. 시험농약으로는 thiacloprid 10% 액상수화제와 lufenuron 5% 유제를 각각 2,000배 희석한 다음 배부식 동력분무기를 이용하여 경엽살포하였다. Thiacloprid 및 lufenuron 잔류시험은 수확 전 14-7-0일에 약제처리한 다음 최종살포 후 0, 1, 3, 5 및 7일에 수확하였고, 통시료, 과육 및 과피시료로 구분하여 균질화 한 후 두 약제를 HPLC-UVD를 사용하여 분석하였다. 두 성분의 회수율과 RSD는 각각 76.5-104.3과 81.4-100.8%, 0.7-6.0과 1.4-6.8% 범위이었으며, 검출한계는 두 약제 모두 0.01 mg/kg이었다. 유대시료에서는 thiacloprid와 lufenuron 모두 검출한계 미만으로 검출되었고, 무대시료에서 thiacloprid의 잔류량은 통시료 0.47-1.09, 과육시료 0.18-0.33 및 과피시료 1.24-1.67 mg/kg으로 경시적으로 감소하였다. Lufenuron의 잔류량은 통시료 0.16-0.61 mg/kg, 과육시료 < LOD-0.08 및 과피시료 0.85-1.48 mg/kg으로 경시적으로 감소하였다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.123-129
• /
• 2016

This study is performed to evaluate the effect of insulin in the porcine parthenogenetic embryo development. In porcine embryo culture, insulin is helpful factor in the process of embryo development. To identify this, insulin is used in pig embryos development. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effect of insulin on early embryonic development in pigs. For that, insulin positive or negative (0, 10 ug/mL) was supplemented in the porcine IVM media and then compared two groups divided by the cytoplasm of the black groups and white ring groups based on the distribution of lipid material of the cell cytoplasm in microscope. In maturation rates of porcine oocytes, significant higher black group rates were shown in the insulin positive groups compared with other groups ($56.0{\pm}2.1$ vs $46.2{\pm}0.3$). In the embryo culture, black groups were showed the significant higher cleavage rates ($82.1{\pm}0.8$, $78.3{\pm}0.1$ vs $63.2{\pm}0.3$, $63.4{\pm}0.0$), and blastocyst formation rates ($15.5{\pm}3.6$, $16.6{\pm}0.4$ vs $11.7{\pm}1.3$, $7.4{\pm}0.2$) regardless of whether the addition of insulin. Also, black groups were showed higher cell number of blastocyst ($33.2{\pm}2.5$, $35.5{\pm}2.6$ vs $31.2{\pm}2.1$, $31.3{\pm}2.2$). In conclusion, supplement of insulin producing black group in vitro maturation, it was effective in vitro maturation and embryonic development of pig embryos.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2012

Age and growth of Glyptocephalus stelleri in the East Sea of Korea were determined, from monthly samples of commercial catches, caught by the eastern sea Danish seine fishery in 2007. The annuli of G. stelleri are formed once a year, with the boundary between opaque and translucent zones forming in September. Relationships between total length (TL) and total weight (TW) were $TW=0.002TL^{3.392}$ ($r^2=0.970$) for females and $TW=0.002TL^{3.335}$ ($r^2=0.961$) for males. TLs at annuli formation in otoliths were back-calculated from the otolith-length relationship and were adjusted to von Bertalanffy growth curves to $L_t=39.71(1-{\exp}^{(-0.152(t+1.156))})$ for females and $L_t=32.16(1-{\exp}^{(-0.213(t+0.879))})$ for males. From the age of 3 years, females grew faster than males (P<0.05).

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 1997

한국산 갯지렁이류 중에서 산업적으로 가장 중요한 청충의 양식기법 개발에 관한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 실내에서 인공사육한 청충의 생식과 발생에 관하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 0.4~2.4 g의 청충을 자연수온 및 $20.0\pm1.0^\{\circ}C$와 $25.0\pm1$의 가온구에서 사육한 결과, 생식형의 체중(Wt)과 산란량(NS)과의 관계는 NS=48635.5897Wt 상(1.3044) (r=0.8572)의 식으로 나타났다. 2. Atokous segment 는 암컷이 23~28(평균24.8$\pm1$), 수컷은 22~29(평균24.6$\pm2$)개로 같았고, 체색에 의한 암수의 차이는 없었다. 3. 수정란의 난경은 $220\mu m$으로, 수정 21.0~$23.0^{\circ}C$에서 수정후 56시간 만에 부화하였다.