• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2003

This study examined the determinants of urban households' expenditures on alcoholic beverages, using double-hurdle models to distinguish between the decision to purchase (purchase decision) and the decision of how much to consume (expenditure decision). Data for this study were drawn from the 2000 Korean Household Income and Expenditure Survey. Households were likely to purchase alcoholic beverages with increasing of household income, tobacco expenditures, and household size. The age, sex, marital status, occupation, education level, type of house ownership, residing city were significantly related to the purchase decisions. Among those households which drink, as household income and tobacco expenditures increase, the age, sex (male), marital status (married), and education level of a household-head, house ownership, residing city (Seoul) were positively related to and the presence of young children were negatively related to the expenditure level of alcoholic beverages.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.189-204
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• 2009

Our study aims to investigate the determinants of international competitiveness and international specialization in services, using OECD service trade data. Real exchange rates, world demand, economies of scale, diffusion of IT, human capital, R&D expenditure and institutional variables are introduced as explanatory variables in regressions for 29 OECO countries over $1996{\sim}2003$. Some of major findings from the study can be summarized as follows. First, economies of scale play important role in transport and business services. Second, the index of freedom to trade measured by Faster Institute has a positive and significant impact on international competitiveness in telecommunication, finance and insurance and business services. Third, IT provides favorable condition to build international competitiveness in finance and insurance and business services. Fourth, R&D expenditure contributes to the amelioration of international competitiveness in transport services, while investment in new equipments contributes to increasing the competitiveness in telecommunication services. Thus, our results show the importance of the industrial base for developing a competitive service economy.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.59-73
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• 1996

The purposes of this study are to investigate the determinants of household demand for credit and to test the effects of credit outstandings and credit repayments on consumption expenditures. To investigate the relationship between credit use and consumption expenditures, a theoretical consumption expenditure model including credit outstandings and credit repayments is developed. With 1991 Report of National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure, two empirical models are tested using OLS. The results show that household demand for credit is determined by household income, debt burden, household size, age and squared age of household head and ratio of home ownership. It is also found that credit outstandings affect consumption expenditures positively while credit repayments affect consumption expenditures negatively.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.588-599
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• 2003

The convenience of TV home shopping is known to provoke compulsive buying, which is chronic and repetitive purchasing behavior that comes about as a response to negative events or feelings. The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is a difference in the degree of compulsive buying between the purchasers of fashion goods and the purchasers of non-fashion goods on TV home shopping shows and the determinants of compulsive buying and their relative importance. Utilizing the convenient sampling method, the sample of the study was composed of women aged over 20 living in the Seoul metropolitan area. Out of 380 distributed questionnaires, 270 useful questionnaires were returned. The data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. The results indicated that TV home shoppers who purchased fashion goods showed higher degree of compulsive buying than those who purchased non-fashion goods and the determinants of compulsive buying are sample＇s age, mean age of the sample＇s children, credit usage, expenditure on fashion goods, frequency of purchase of fashion goods on TV home shopping shows, and promotional tools used by TV home shopping retailers. Regarding the relative importance of the determinants, credit usage was the most influential factor followed by expenditure on fashion goods and the length of exposure to TV home shopping shows.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.147-167
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of at-home laver consumption expenditures using the data from a survey of households implemented in 2009. It happened that non-response ratios of monthly expenditures on dry laver and flavored laver among sampled households are 18.8% and 25.6%. Accordingly, this study tries to analyze the determinants affecting at-home laver consumption expenditures by using type II tobit model, one of sample selection models, to deal with sample selection bias caused from non-response data. Analysis results show the age variable positively affects expenditures on dry laver but negatively contributes to expenditures on flavored laver. In addition, the household size, the household's income, the degree of preference for laver have positive relationships with both expenditures. Household size elasticity and income elasticity of the expenditure on dry laver are estimated as 0.220 and 0.251. In the case of flavored laver, these elasticities are estimated as 0.484 and 0.261. Such analysis results can provide information on division of the at-home laver consumption market into groups with high willingness to expense and implementation of detailed marketing strategies to increase at-home laver consumption. The methodology of this study can be applied to consumer preference analysis on other marine products and other analyses on sample with non-response data in the fishery research.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2011

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the utilization of Oriental medical services and its determinants among the elderly. Method: Data from a Korean longitudinal study of aging was used. Regression analysis was used to find the determinants of the utilization of medical care. Results: People with low education and low income were more likely to use Oriental medical services. Determinants of using Oriental health service were sex, marriage, income, subjective health condition, activity restriction due to pain, and chronic disease. Among them, only subjective health condition and activity restriction due to pain were significant determinants of frequency of and expenditure on Oriental medical services. Especially, activity restriction due to pain was a significant factor in the use of Oriental medical services, but not in the use of Western medical services. Conclusion: Treatment related to pain was closely associated with Oriental medical services. These treatments need to be developed with scientific and clinical evidence.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with health insurance expenditures of the employed in the US. The data were from the 1994 Consumer Expenditure Surrey and the sample selected was admits aged 18 to 64 who were either a single head of household or part of a married couple. Results of Tobit regression indicated that age, education, and occupation of household head, region of residence, number of earners, homeownership(as a proxy for wealth), total expenditure(as a proxy for income), health care expenditures(as a proxy for health status) are significantly related to out-of-pocket health insurance expenditures by the employed.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.128-137
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• 2018

Background: This study aims to utilize Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) data to identify macroscopic determinants of health at national level and to utilize it in health policy development through comparison and analysis with Korea. Methods: The potential years of life lost (PYLL) were used as dependent variables and 19 indicators were selected as health determinants to be independent variables based on the results of previous studies. Data analysis was done using SAS ver. 9.4 package (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) and model used in technical statistics concerning PYLL by countries, multi-linearity test between independent variables and OECD economic studies were modified and used. Results: From 1994 to 2012, the average PYLL for OECD countries was 4,262.9 years, the highest in Estonia and the lowest in Iceland. As a result of the analysis using the fixed effect model, the significant variables affecting PYLL were four variables: gross domestic product, nitric oxide, tobacco consumption, and number of doctors. The health determinants that had more influence on the PYLL of Korean people compared to other OECD countries were tobacco consumption, calorie consumption, fat intake and total health expenditure. Conclusion: In order to effectively reduce unnecessary deaths, we must continue to strengthen our smoking policy and nutrition policies such as calorie and fat intake. It is necessary to prevent the increase of total health expenditure due to the increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases and to strengthen the public health aspect.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

본 논문은 다중회귀모형을 이용하여 강릉단오제 관광객의 소비지출의 결정요인을 분석하였다. 소비지출의 결정요인을 소득, 직업 등 12개 설명변수로 종속변수는 총 지출 및 5개의 항목별 지출로 설정하여 분석하였다. 논문의 주요 분석결과로 소득은 관광소비의 중요한 결정요인이며 소득이 소비에 양(+)의 효과를 준다는 사실이 입증되었다. 둘째, 나이가 많고 수도권 거주 관광객일수록 전체 및 항목별 소비지출이 증가하는 경향이 있다. 셋째, 동반인수가 많을수록 소비지출은 감소한다. 넷째, 참가일 수와 체류기간은 소비지출에 양(+)의 효과를 준다. 남자이며 기혼이고 자비 숙박 관광객일수록 소비지출은 증가한다. 다섯째, 항목별 소비지출의 결정요인으로 소득과 같은 공통적인 변수도 있으나 항목별 소비지출의 고유한 특성을 반영하는 차별적인 결정요인이 있는 것으로 추정된다. 본 논문은 지역경제 및 관광산업의 활성화를 위한 효율적인 관광전략을 도출하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2018

Background: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) occurs when medical expenditure of a household passes over a certain ratio of household income. This research studied the effect of gender on CHE based on Korea Health Panel data. Methods: This study implemented binary logistic regression model to figure out whether gender affects CHE and how different gender groups show pattern of CHE process. With gender, age, marital status, income level, economic activity, membership of private insurance, existence of chronic disease, and self-rated health were included in the model. Results: Results showed that females faced CHE 1.5 times more than males (odds ratio, 1.241). Also, main determinants of CHE in female groups were marital status, while age and economic activity status were significant in male groups. Subgroup analysis displayed that married female under 35 years old are located in intersectionality of CHE including pregnancy and delivery, multiple health risk behaviors, mental stress, and relatively vulnerable social status due to lower income. Meanwhile, both gender above 50 years old faced remarkably high chance of CHE, which seems to be caused by complex health risk behaviors and chronic diseases. Conclusion: Such results implied not only that gender is an important determinant of CHE, but also other determinants of CHE differ according to gender, which suggests a necessity of gender-based CHE support and rescue policy.