• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.123-132
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• 2007

In this review, we discuss the ways in which our understanding of the controls of nitrogen use efficiency applied to crop improvement has been increased through the development of molecular physiology studies using transgenic plants or mutants with modified capacities for nitrogen uptake, assimilation and recycling. More recently, exploiting crop genetic variability through quantitative trait loci and candidate gene detection has opened new perspectives toward the identification of key structural or regulatory elements involved in the control of nitrogen metabolism for improving crop productivity. All together these studies strongly suggest that in the near future nitrogen use efficiency can be improved both by marker-assisted selection and genetic engineering, thus having the most promise for the practical application of increasing the capacity of a wide range of economically important species to take up and utilize nitrogen more efficiently.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.125-125
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• 2000

An Empirical approach to determine a road-surface condition is presented The road-surface condition thus provided includes the detection of not only friction coefficient, but also abrupt surface-profile changes such as pitfalls and bumpers The former plays a key role in establishing the appropriate control strategy, while the latter allows to minimize unnecessary brake intervention induced by the aforementioned jut. In this paper, we use an empirically chosen variable, namely. the time-rate of change of vehicle speed estimated from the point where ABS engaged to the point where measurement taken Experimental results shoe that the proposed method is effective to infer various control variables critical for the control of ABS.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.315-318
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• 1997

The ECG-NIBP patient monitor consist of Noninvasive Blood Pressure(NIBP) module that have micro controller inside. This module transfer data by serial communication to the main processor. This system apply the fuzzy inflating method to reduce the blood pressure measuring time, and moving artifact removing algorithm, several parameters used or more accurate measurement. The ECG monitor use the Digital Signal Processor(DSP) or digital filtering, peak detection, heart rate calculation. This system also offer convenient user interface by rotary key, menu bar. With 7" CRT display, auxiliary TFT LCD display adapted to display information on wide screen.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.85-109
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• 1996

Telemedicine can increase accessibility to advance medical technology at the university hospital for community residents living in a remote area. This paper focused on the economic evaluation of telemedicine to identify important factors influencing costs and benefits and to understand how these factors can be changed to improve economic performance of the telemedicine. When the telemedicine project currently operating in Korea was evaluated based on the traditional cost-benefit analysis, the results showed a heavy net loss wiht a B/C ration of 0.56. As several values were added to the analysis based on the Information Economics approach, B/C ratios steadly increased. When the saving of medical expenses from the early detection of diseases was taken into a consideration, the ration exceeded the break-even point. >From the sensitivity analysis, a number of patients and the cost for equipment and communication were found to be the key factors for influencing economic performance of telemedicine.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.17-36
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• 1995

The present study examined preschooler's (3-5yrs) representation and evaluation skills in a puzzle completion task. The puzzle contained panels of four children dressed for each seacon and the key to success was using a body scheme to reconstruct the panels (head, torso, legs, feet and sky on top). Baseline data (Study 1) revealed a developmental pattern of increasing bydy scheme representation along with more careful attention to season consitent construction. Spontaneous verbalization also shifted from more guiding statements (where'the head?) to move evaluative statements (this isn't right). Study 2 examined different intervention techniques for increasing representation (verbal laveling) and evaluative processes (error detection practice), along with a control group that had unassisted practice. Three year olds benefited from verbal labeling, four year olds from both types of training. Verbalizations also showed appropriated shifts toward increasing evaluation, particularly for the older children. These findings are discussed in terms of a developmental hypothesis that representation precedes evaluation skills and that training techniques should take into account the relative balance between representation and evaluation skills in the individual for the task at hand.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.103-112
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• 1998

The evolution of semiconductor manufacturing technology has accelerated the reduction of device dimensions and the increase of integrated circuit density. In order to improve yield within a short turn around time and maintain it at high level, a system that can rapidly determine problematic processing steps is needed. The statistical process control detects abnormal process variation of key parameters. Expert systems in SPC can serve as a valuable tool to automate the analysis and interpretation of control charts. A set of IF-THEN rules was used to formalize knowledge base of special causes. This research proposes a strategy to apply expert system to SPC in semiconductor manufacturing. In analysis, the expert system accomplishes the instability detection of process parameter, In diagnosis, an engineer is supported by process analyzer program. An example has been used to demonstrate the expert system and the process analyzer.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2000

Thirtythree strains of the Aspergillus spp. isolated from foodstuffs were observed through some physiological characteristics for detection of identification key of Aspergillus spp. 1) Each strain of Aspergillus spp. had their specific characteristics and could be used for identification of species. 2) Excellent amylase-producing fungi were observed among the isolated strains of Aspergillus spp. 3) Amylase activities increased for one week incubation period. 4) In the tests of common characters of aflatoxin-producing fungi among the 33 strains of Aspergillus spp., for example, conidial size, presence of sclerotia, kojic acid, and pigment production, coloration of phenol, reduction of methylene blue, etc.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-109
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• 2005

In this paper, the critical requirement for obstacle awareness and avoidance is assessed with the compliance of the equivalent level of safety regulation, and then the collision avoidance sensor system is presented with the key design parameters for the requirement of the smart unmanned aerial vehicle in low-altitude flight. Based on the assessment of various sensors, small-sized radar sensor is selected for the suitable candidate due to the real-time range and range-rate acquisition capability of the stationary and moving aircraft even under all-weather environments. Through the performance analysis for the system requirement, the conceptual design result of radar sensor model is proposed with the range detection probability and collision avoidance mode is established based on the time-to-collision, which is analyzed by collision scenario.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2008

Combining OFDMA with MIMO is the key technology for the 4G mobile communication. OFDMA can relieve inherent difficulties of high-speed transmission. MIMO technology can be largely categorized into two techniques: one is STC for diversity gain and the other is SM for high frequency efficiency. In this paper, we depict various MIMO techniques of two transmit antenna and compare the computational complexity of decoding process for the techniques. Then, we analysis the performance of the techniques in the WiBro downlink environment based on OFDMA. We perfer ML algorithm which is the optimum performance and ZF algorithm of least computational complexity for SM detection.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.118-123
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• 2007

The current existing literature offers little guidance on how to decide which method to use to analyze one-channel microarray measurements when dealing with large, grouped samples. Most previous methods have focused on two-channel data;therefore they can not be easily applied to one-channel microarray data. Thus, a more reliable method is required to determine an appropriate combination of individual basic processing steps for a given dataset in order to improve the validity of one-channel expression data analysis. We address key issues in evaluating the effectiveness of basic statistical processing steps of microarray data that can affect the final outcome of gene expression analysis without focusingon the intrinsic data underlying biological interpretation.