• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

This study tries to categorize trends of "structure and skin integration" and understand the expressive characters of each architectural type. To do so, we listed up 8 architects who are quoted twice or more in related researches, then analyzed their 25 contemporary buildings which integrated structure and skin since 2000. As a result, this study defined four types based on the way of building tectonic system of structure and skin. Key feature of "linear structure-two dimensional skin" type is the communication with the surroundings as a result of .geometric architectural forms, patterned surface and reflection. Characters of "linear-three dimensional" type are organic architectural forms, sculptural skin, and the mysterious space. "Planar-two dimensional" type is a transformational geometry form to express the dramatic images through the skin, therefore gives a sense of rhythm and dynamics to space. "Planar structure-three dimensional" type highlights the texture, and exposes boundary of the inside and outside. In architectures we studied, the structure is the way to make a creative forms and space, and the skin to express various meanings. That said, the "structure and skin integration" is the means of aggressive design expression.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.62-70
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• 2017

This study has a purpose that definitize correlationship of spatial structure and sales strategies in mixed-use complexes which established in Korea since year 2000. For this purpose, this study tries to analysis spatial structure of mixed-use facilities through space syntax theory and makes an typological categorization based on their space composition. As a result of categorization, Korean mixed-use facilities can be classed as three types. First type is integrated stacking type. Second one is parallel connecting type. Third type is room to room type. According to differences between categories, their spatial structures show different meaning with different sales strategies. Integrated stacking type sales luxury brands and expensive stuffs and it also has deep and complicated structure. That means theses spaces usually make a strategy of exclusion. Parallel connecting type sales special categories and it also has shallow and easy spatial structure. That means these facilities want to make a smooth connection between apposed volumes. Room to room type sales cheap and fancy objects and it also has simple and shallow structure. That means simple spatial structure can be lead contact customer to stuffs. These results mean spatial structure have a effect on design of sales space.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.550-555
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• 2011

Utilizing construction knowledge and experiences in design phase can reduce change orders and improve productivity in construction phase. To do so, information must be made available to the design team in time. Current approaches for effective utilization of constructability knowledge, however, only focus on the formalization of constructability knowledge such as a checklist, which lacks the consideration of the appropriate use at the proper point in time. The inadequate use of constructability knowledge can result in unnecessary reworks. To deal with this problem, the design team needs to know what constructability knowledge is required for specific design activities in the design process. This paper presents a constructability implementation model using the dependency structure matrix (DSM) that focuses on information flows between design activities and constructability knowledge. For this objective, design activities in the design process are modeled in a matrix form based on their dependency. Then, constructability knowledge, which needs to be considered in the design stage, is mapped into activities and incorporated into the matrix, creating Constructability-DSM (C-DSM). Next, the partitioning algorithm is applied to C-DSM for optimal information flow. The Partitioned C-DSM is then analyzed based on the relationship between activities. Finally, the optimal utilization of construction knowledge in the design process is determined by identifying what constructability knowledge is required for each design activity, and how and when it is reflected to design for constructability. Thus, this research can help provide robust control actions to reduce unnecessary iterative cycles in design process for efficient constructability implementation.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.205-212
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• 2021

Offshore jacket structures generally comprise steel members, and the safety standard for jacket structures typically focuses on the steel components. However, large amounts of concrete grouting is filled in the legs of the Gageocho jacket structure to aid in the recovery from typhoon damage. This paper proposes a safe and lightweight design for the Gageocho ocean research station comprising steel members instead of large amounts of concrete reinforcement in the legs. Based on the actual design, the structural members are grouped according to their functional roles, and the inner diameter of the cross-section in each design group is defined as a design variable. Structural optimization is carried out using a genetic algorithm to minimize the total weight of the structure. To satisfy the conservative safety standards in the offshore field, both the maximum stress and the unity check criteria are considered as design constraints during optimization. For enhanced safety confidence, extreme environmental conditions are assumed. The maximum marine attachment thickness and the section erosion in the splash zone are applied. Additionally, the design load is defined as the force induced by extreme waves, winds, and currents aligned in the same direction. All the loading directions surrounding the structure are considered to design the structure in a balanced and safe manner. As a result, compared with the current structure, the proposed structure features a 45% lighter design, satisfying the strict offshore safety criteria.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.300-304
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• 2007

The reactor head structure assembly(RHSA) is the structure located on the reactor assembly. The purpose of the assembly is providing interface location for cables, preventing pipe whips, prohibiting instruments from becoming missiles, and restraining CEDMs' horizontal motion. On the RHSA, reactor disconnect panels(RDP) are installed. The installation location of RDP is to be decided to minimize the geometric interface with other components. Since the neighborhood of RHSA is crowded due to many connectors and cables, it is necessary to find the good design of RHSA to make an intricate situation attenuated and the required function maintained. The geometric shape and overall configuration of RHSA are determined by axiomatic design approach. The FRs of RHSA are specified and the corresponding DPs are found to satisfy FRs in sequence. The finite element analysis is carried out based on the result of the axiomatic design to evaluate the structural integrity.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.264-278
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• 2018

The support structure of an optical mirror system is the one of the important design elements because the one affects the optical aberrations of the mirror surface. In this paper, Lagrange equation of the moving body of the fast steering mirror system(FSM) has been formulated to use with optimization design. Major goals for optimization are to assign the reasonably flexible stiffness to the structure and to enhance the first natural frequency of the mirror and support system in aid of more affordable control bandwidth for the FSM. Pursuing these purposes with the proposed method, the finite element analysis(FEA), optimization technique and the Zernike polynomial estimation are used for the design effects. It is concluded that the proposed approach for design well guides toward the desired design goals with regards to both structural and optical performances.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.112-116
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• 2019

This study was carried out by structural analysis using finite element method for designing high rigidity structure of multi - functional automatic lathe bed. As a result of comparison, it was confirmed that the weight was designed to be higher than the maximum deformation amount. The shape and dimensions of the main pillars and walls of the bed were changed to derive the most suitable design for the multifunction automatic lathe bed. A model of structural design was derived with the goal of minimizing the maximum deformation amount of $20{\mu}m$ or less and the weight of the bed. As a result of applying the derived design improvement proposal to the multifunctional automatic lathe bed, 57.4% weight reduction and maximum principal stress decreased by 45.0% than the initial design model. It is expected that the optimum design that meets these design conditions will reduce the weight of the structure as well as improve the safety of the structure and reduce the machining error in the operation of the machine tool.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2000

All artists set the arrangement of relative probability subjectively by giving the contrast of color and chroma to give higher probability of some colors in their works and then perform the mechanical assignment. Also the analysis of plastic structure in all areas of design has been made by subjective and qualitative method based on the emotion, intuition and experience of interpreter of design structures and that of color structures was done by the same method. Therefore this study compares and suggests the style characteristics of modern and postmodern design with the object quantitative analysis of color structure by selecting and applying Ilya Chashinik's ceramic dishes as the analysis product of modern design and Jim Melchert's ceramic wall painting as that of postmodern design of 'analysis model of color structure' researched and developed for the quantitative information analysis based on information and communication theory and it is also meaningful in introducing and presenting the analytic procedure and methods centering around quantitative analysis model of color structure analysis.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.82-96
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• 2019

A semi-submersible structure has been widely used for offshore drilling and production of oil and gas. The small water plane area makes the structure very sensitive to weight increase in terms of payload and stability. Therefore, it is necessary to lighten the substructure from the early design stage. This study aims at an optimization of hull structure based on a sophisticated yield and buckling strength in accordance with classification rules. An in-house strength assessment system is developed to automate the procedure such as a generation of buckling panels, a collection of required panel information, automatic buckling and yield check and so on. The developed system enables an automatic yield and buckling strength check of all panels composing the hull structure at each iteration of the optimization. Design variables are plate thickness and stiffener section profiles. In order to overcome the difficulty of large number of design variables and the computational burden of FE analysis, various methods are proposed. The steepest descent method is selected as the optimization algorithm for an efficient search. For a reduction of the number of design variables and a direct application to practical design, the stiffener section variable is determined by selecting one from a pre-defined standard library. Plate thickness is also discretized at 0.5t interval. The number of FE analysis is reduced by using equations to analytically estimating the stress changes in gradient calculation and line search steps. As an endeavor to robust optimization, the number of design variables to be simultaneously optimized is divided by grouping the scantling variables by the plane. A sequential optimization is performed group by group. As a verification example, a central column of a semi-submersible structure is optimized and compared with a conventional optimization of all design variables at once.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 2017

This paper summarizes the structural concept and design of the "Nakanoshima Festival Tower West" in Osaka, Japan, which is 200m high and has a super-high damping system. Its superstructure is mainly composed of a central core and outer tube frames. It has a bottom truss structure at the boundary between the low-rise and mid-rise sections of the building, where the column arrangement is changed. Besides, the high-rise section of the building has a neck truss structure. These truss structures smoothly transfer the axial forces of the columns and reduce the flexural deformations induced by horizontal loads. Oil dampers with extremely high damping capacity are installed in the rigid walls named the "Big Wall Frames" of the low-rise section. Moreover, many braces and damping devices are well arranged in the center core of each story. The damping effects of these devices ensure that all structural members are remain within the elastic range and that story drifts are within 1/150 in large earthquakes. This super-high damping structure in the low-rise section is named the "Damping Layer". The whole structural system is named the "Super Damping Structure". The whole structural systems enhance the building's safety, comfort and Business Continuity Planning (BCP) under large earthquakes.