• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.465-469
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• 1998

The search for platinum (II)-based compounds with improved therapeutic properties was prompted to design and synthesize a new family of water-soluble, third generation cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (II) complexes linked to uracil and uridine. Six heretofore unreported uracil and uridine-platinum (II) complexes are; [N-(uracil-5-yl-methyl)ethane-1,2-di-amine]dichloroplatinum (II) (3a), [N-(uracil-6-yl-methyl)ethane-1,2-diaminel dichloroplatinum (II) (3b), t[N-($2^1$, $3^1$,$5^1$-tri-O-acetyl)uridine-5-yl-methyl] ethane-1,2-diamineldichloroplatinum (II) (6a), {[N-($2^1$,$3^1$, $5^1$-tri-O-acetyl) uridine-6-yl-methyl]ethane-1,2-diamine)dichloroplatinum (II) (6b),[N-(uridine- 5-yl-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine]dichloroplatinum (II) (7a), [N-(uridine-6-yl- methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine]dichloroplatinum (II) (7b). These analogues were prepared from the key starting materials, 5-chloromethyluracil (1a) and 6-chloromethyluracil (1b) which were reacted with ethylenediamine to afford the respective 5-[(2-aminoethyl)aminol methyluracil (2a) and 6-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]methyluracil (2b). The cis-platin complexes 3a and 3b were obtained through the reaction of the respective 2a and 2b with potassium tetrachloroplatinate (II). The heterocyclic nucleic acid bases 1a and 1b were efficiently introduced on the .betha.-D-ribose ring via a Vorbruggen-type nucleoside coupling procedure with hexamethyldisilazane, trimethylchlorosilane and stannic chloride under anhydrous acetonitrile to yield the stereospecific .betha.-anomeric 5-chloromethyl- $2^1$,$3^1$,$5^1$-tri-O-acetyluridine (4a) and 6-chloromethyl-$2^1$,$3^1$,$5^1$-tri-O-acetyluridine (4b), respectively. The nucleosides 4a and 4b were coupled with ethylenediamine to provide the respective 5-[(amino-ethyl)aminolmethyl-$2^1$,$3^1$,$5^1$-tri-O-acetyluridine (5a) and 6-[(aminoethyl)amino] methyl-$2^1$,$3^1$,$5^1$-tri-O-acetyluridine (5b). The diamino-uridines 5a and 5b were reacted with potassium tetrachloroplatinate (II) to give the novel nucleoside complexes, 6a and 6b, respectively which were deacetylated into the free nucleosides, 7a and 7b by the treatment with CH$_{3}$ONa. The cytotoxic activities were evaluated against three cell lines (FM-3A, P-388 and J-82) and none of the synthesized compounds showed any significant activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.199-218
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• 2010

This study evaluates YALSA's Competencies for Librarians Serving Youth: Young Adults Deserve the Best announced at the Young Adult Library Services Association(YALSA), a division of the American Library Association(ALA) on January 2010. For this study, we investigated fifth librarians working at the National Library of Korea to find out the requirements, effectiveness, and difficulties regarding seven areas and forth-eight detailed qualifications indicated by YALSA's Competencies for Librarians Serving Youth through survey. The results show that the more important areas required for youth services librarians were identified as knowledge of materials, administration, leadership and professionalism. Difficult areas of competencies are communication, marketing and outreach. Analysis of forty-eight detailed qualifications according to their importance and the level of difficulty shows that the more important areas are A4(encourage young adults to become lifelong library users by helping them to discover what libraries offer, how to use library resources, and how libraries can assist them in actualizing their overall growth and development) and A1(develop and demonstrate leadership skills in identifying the unique needs of young adults and advocating for service excellence, including equitable funding and staffing levels relative to those provided for adults and children), while the most difficult area of competencies is C4(Design, implement, and evaluate a strategic marketing plan for promoting young adult services in the library, schools, youth-serving agencies and the community at large).

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2002

Geotextile tribes are made of sewn geotextile sheet and hydraulically or mechanically filled with dredged materials. They have been applied in hydraulic and coastal engineering in recent years(shore protection structure, detached breakwater, groins, and jetty). Therefore, it is composed of geotextile and confined fill material. Recently, new preliminary design criteria supported by model and prototype tests, and some stability analysis calculations have been studied. The stability analysis of geotextile tube is composed of geotechnical and hydrodynamic analysis. The stability check points are sliding failure, overturning, bearing capacity failure against the wave attack. In this paper are presented the stability analysis method by empirical equation and 2-D equilibrium analysis for geotextile tube. Also, the hydraulic model tests were performed to verify the theoretical stability analysis with geotextile tube shape, filling ratio, significant wave height, and so on. The results of this study show that the stability of geotextile tube depends on the tube shape, contact area, projection area. The theoretical analysis and hydraulic model test show almost the same results.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, evaluate in-service program on the practical problem focused Home Economics program. This program is expected to contribute to the enforcement of high quality of teacher's teaching competency and to the readiness for the 2007 newly revised Home Economics curriculum. This study was carried into by followings steps: 1. Program development: Based on the program design, an in-service program of practical problem focused home economics curriculum and teaching-learning materials were developed. 2. Program implementation: The four days/30 hours in-service program was delivered in January, 2008 with 24 participants. Mentor teachers were arranged playing interface role during the program. 3. Program evaluation: Group interview was held and written evaluation was collected from participants, mentor teachers, and home economics curriculum experts. From the results of this study, it is suggested to promote understanding of theory relatively easier than delivered in the in-service program, to extend to a 60 hours program includes more activity and workshop, and to develop in-service programs for the beginner and the advanced groups separately.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.51-76
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• 2020

The purpose of this research was to develop the education program on traditional living culture for home economics(HE) based on the 2015 revised national curriculum. The existing school curriculum for traditional living culture tends to overly focus on the theories about traditional culture and suffer from absence of continuity in learning activities. It can be argued that HE is an ideal subject for dealing with traditional living culture as it aims to develop students' ability to recreate the traditional culture, meeting present needs and trends. This study, thus, attempted to present the practical ways of improving the quality of education on traditional living culture by developing HE education program for high school students. To fulfill the purpose, this research, as a teaching topic, selected the traditional patterns and the "Obangsaek"(Korean traditional five colors) which can commonly be dealt with in the subjects of traditional Korean food, Korean costume and Korean style house. In particular, the program was developed following the ADDE process. In the stage of analysis, this article analyzed the HE curriculum and making activities included in HE textbooks based on the 2015 revised national curriculum, as well as the needs of teachers and students regarding traditional living culture education. In the stage of design, this study developed the instructional model, selecting class topics, tools and materials. In the stage of development, the programs on traditional living culture including costume, food and house were developed. In the evaluation phase, this research conducted the validity test and received the feedbacks from 12 HE educators in order to complete the programs. This study finally suggested that future studies in this area examine the effect of the presented programs on enhancing the students' perception of traditional culture and the will of developing and succeeding the traditional living culture.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.336-345
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• 2001

The construction of underwater structures has been increased, but underwater concrete hassome problems of quality deterioration and contamination around in-situ of civil and architecture; therefore, new materials and methods for them are demanded. In this paper in-situ application of underwater antiwashout concrete which is manufactured for trio purpose of not only decreasing suspended solids and the heat of hydration but also increasing long term strength was studied. In the case of mock-up test(Ⅰ), when underwater antiwashout concrete, whose slump flow was 58 cm, was placed in the mock-up test at a speed of 24 ㎥/hr, it took about a minute to flow to the side wall, and the surface was maintained at horizontal level. In this case, compressive strength of the core specimens in each section was higher than the standard design compressive strength of 240 kgf/㎠. In the case of mock-up test(II), pH value and suspended solids of high strength underwater antiwashout concrete were 10.0∼11.0 and 51 mg/ℓ at 30 minutes later, initial and final setting time were about 30, 37 hr, and the slump flow of that was 53$\pm$2 cm. In the placement at a speed of 27 ㎥/hr, there was no large difference in flowing velocity, with or without reinforcement and flowing slope was maintained at horizontal level. In this case, compressive strength and elastic modulus of the core specimens somewhat decreased as flowing distance was far : however, those of central area showed the highest value.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2014

LNG plant projects tend to be implemented in overseas owing to its characteristics, so their project management scheme is somewhat different from those of general projects. Value chain in a LNG plant project includes exploration/production of gases, physical liquefaction/chemical conversion processes, transportation and storage. Key factors in the chain include liquefaction process (including ultra-low temperature liquefaction) to convert natural gas into liquid materials or fuel, and Front End Engineering Design (FEED) package, as well as Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) technology comprising control, operation and construction. Success of a complex LNG plant project implemented in overseas depends on decision-making process in project management. Accordingly, to develop a decision-making model in of plant construction, the study extracted none factors in project management by EPC stage and assessed importance of each factor. The result showed that items in both project management and project risk management are important. Especially, the study developed a decision-making model in the construction stage of a LNG plant project based on the project management factors and importance assessment. The developed decision-making model would lay groundwork in building a decision-making system in construction stage of project management.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2008

Last decade, Korea's export scale has resulted in remarkably increasing tendency, and the Korean construction firms(KCFs)' activities on the global markets also have been revitalized. Therefore, this paper analyze a correlation between changes in the oversee market conditions and firms' competitiveness focused on plant business. The aim of this paper is to analyze the internal competency change of the KCFs on the global markets in the past 5 years and to find gap of internal competencies between KCFs and outstanding foreign firms. From a survey analysis this paper found that the external impacts on the global markets(changes of exchange rates, raw materials prices, supply-demand conditions, etc.) have highly influenced the sales amount of the KCFs. But the impacts to change the operating profit have been analyzed as not important. So it is necessary to reinforce the KCF's internal competencies rater than expecting an improvement of the external conditions. Also, the KCFs should strengthen the design engineering as a core competency.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2010

There are four key factors for gas-phase biofilters; biocatalysts(microorganisms), packing materials, design/operating techniques, and diagnosis/management techniques. Biofilter performance is significantly affected by microbial community structures as well as loading conditions. The microbial studies on biofilters are mostly performed on basis of culture-dependent methods. Recently, advanced methods have been proposed to characterize the microbial community structure in environmental samples. In this study, the physiological, biochemical and molecular methods for profiling microbial communities are reviewed, and their applicability to biofilters is discussed. Community-level physiological profile is based on the utilization capability of carbon substrate by heterotrophic community in environmental samples. Phospholipid fatty acid analysis method is based on the variability of fatty acids present in cell membranes of different microorganisms. Molecular methods using DNA directly extracted from environmental samples can be divided into "partial community DNA analysis" and "whole community DNA analysis" approaches. The former approaches consist in the analysis of PCR-amplified sequence, the genes of ribosomal operon are the most commonly used sequences. These methods include PCR fragment cloning and genetic fingerprinting such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism, ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, and random amplified polymorphic DNA. The whole community DNA analysis methods are total genomic cross-DNA hybridization, thermal denaturation and reassociation of whole extracted DNA and extracted whole DNA fractionation using density gradient.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.428-436
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• 2012

This study aimed to develop the multi-span plastic greenhouse which is suitable for tomato cultivation and is safe against climatic disasters such as typhoon or heavy snow. The width and heights of eaves and ridge of newly developed tomato greenhouse are 7, 4.5 and 6.5 m, respectively. The width is the same but the eaves and ridge heights are 1.8 and 2 m higher than conventional 1-2 W greenhouses, respectively. Cross beam has been designed as a truss structure so it can sustain loads of tomato and equipment. Tomato greenhouse has been designed according to climatic disaster preventing design standard maintaining the high height. In other words, the material dimensions and interval of materials including column and rafter have been set to stand against $40m{\cdot}s^{-1}$ of wind and 40 cm of snow. Tomato greenhouse has been equipped with rack-pinion type roof vents which have been used in glass greenhouse in order to prevent excessive rise in air temperature. This vent type is different from that of 1-2 W type greenhouse which is made by rolling up and down the vinyl at upper part of column. Roof vents are installed at ridge, and thus external air inflow and natural ventilation are maximized. As the height increases, heating cost increase as well and, therefore, tomato greenhouse has been equipped with multi-layered thermal curtain, of which thermo-keeping is excellent, to prevent heat from escaping.