• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.149-169
• /
• 2009

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC) has become an idealistic environmental prevention concept in developed countries and corresponds with principles of Industrial Ecology. The concept of emissions regulatory integration is a key factor for an integrated environmental management system. While most EU member countries have a cross-media regulatory system, Korea has a media-specific regulatory system which was found to have significant environmental management problems. The purpose of this study is to integrate the emissions regulatory system by resolving difficulties through procedural, organizational, and substantive analysis of integration. To this end, the following research was performed: The first task was to determine the target of the integrated emissions regulatory system. In connection with this, the "IPPC directive" of the EU and the "PPCA 2000" schedule 1 of the UK, as well as environmental laws in Korea were compared and analyzed. The second was to design a regulatory system model. This model was divided into three groups after considerations were made regarding the time it would take for the pre-application,application, and permission stages. Lastly, on the basis of this research, a revised bill for an integrated emissions regulatory system was suggested. Nevertheless, substantive analysis of integration focused on BAT requires supplementation in order to make the integrated emissions regulation system operate normally as an environmental management policy and regulation method. To this end, the specific characteristics of Korean society, culture, and law should be actively considered.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.581-584
• /
• 2008

Generally, durability of concrete structures under marine environment is grossly declined by detrimental ions such as chlorides, which penetrate concrete and was diffused to corrode reinforcing rod. Therefore, chloride diffusion properties in concrete are important for durability evaluation and design of concrete structure. For estimation of chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete, both evaluation methods are used for steady state and non-steady state derived from Fick's 1st and 2nd law, respectively. However, as it is very difficult to evaluate diffusion coefficient for non-steady state like service environment where concrete is actually exposed, indirect evaluation method by laboratory accelerated test is generally used. In this study, comparison of chloride diffusion behavior was investigated for fixed mix proportion and age of concrete using four accelerated test methods based on domestic and foreign standards. From test results, only relative comparison between concrete mixtures was possible using ASTM C 1202 test, and diffusion coefficient for steady state was estimated as low as 1/10 of that for non-steady state. In addition, diffusion coefficient estimated by immersion test was similar to result by NT build 492 test.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1997

Viscous flow around actual ship is calculated by an use of RANS equations. The propriety of this computing method, usefulness to hull form design and the scale effect which is the effect of viscous flow depending on the scale of ship model are investigated. Reynolds stress is modelled by using k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model and the law of wall is applied near the body. Body fitted coordinates are introduced for the treatment of the arbitrary 3-dimensional shape of the ship hull form. The transformed equations in the computational domain are numerically solved by an employment of FVM. In the calculation of pressure, SIMPLE method is adopted and the solution of the discretized equation is obtained by the line-by-line method with the use of TDMA The calculations of two ships, 4410 TEU container carrier and 50,000 DWT class bulk carrier, are performed at model and actual ship scale. The results are compared and discussed with the model test results which are viscous resistance, nominal wake distribution at propeller plane and limiting streamline on the hull surface. They describe the effect of stem form and the scale effect very well. In particular, the calculated nominal wake distribution and limiting streamline are agreed qualitatively with the experiments and the viscous resistance values are estimated within ${\pm}5%$ difference from the resistance tests.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2017

At the completion of the construction, various finishing processes are concentrated. This imposes a burden on the on-site manager and imposes on experience based quality control, thereby causing deviations in the quality of construction depending on supervisor or worker's individual competence. In addition, the information related to quality control is frequently scattered in various types of documents such as specifications and drawings, and checkpoints are frequently omitted. It is necessary to provide a tool that can effectively provide the practitioner before or during the inspection work by systematically storing the information related to the defect prevention and linking them in a mutually referential state. This paper proposes an quality inspection support model that can systematically store necessary information on activity or room basis for the quality check of the apartment house finishing work. Establish a defect prevention information base and a information nexus by linking specifications, design standards, checklists, regulations, defect cases, and drawings to the finishing process and the rooms. Based on this, information registration and search interface are presented. It can contribute to securing a certain level of construction quality or more by suggesting a frame that can be utilized by linking various defects prevention information with the focus on closing activity and room.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.5
• /
• pp.385-391
• /
• 1997

An objection of this study is to develop a measuring circuit of a gauge using radioisotope for compaction control. The gauge developed in this study makes use of radioisotope with the activity exempted from domestic atomic law and consists of measuring circuits for gamma-rays and thermal neutrons, a high voltage supply unit, and a microprocessor. To obtain meaningful numbers of pulse counts, parallel five and two circuits are provided for gamma-rays and thermal neutrons, respectively. Being simple in electrical characteristics of G-M detector for gamma-rays, pulses are counted through only a shaping circuit. Very small pulses generated from He- 3 proportional detector for thermal neutrons are amplified to the maximum of 50 [dB] and a window comparator accepts only pulses with meaning. To minimize effects of natural environmental radiation and electrical noise, circuits are electrostatically shielded and pulses made by ripples are eliminated by taking frequency of high voltage supplied to the circuit and pulse height of ripples into consideration. One-chip microprocessor is applied to process various counts, results are stored and the gauage is made capable to communicate with PC. Enough and meaningful numbers of pulses are counted with the prototype gauage for compaction control.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.1533-1540
• /
• 2015

In order to demonstrate the flow properties of the river bed and the design of hydraulic structures, the estimation of friction velocity is essentially required. However, existing friction velocity equations such as Log method and Power law have trouble to estimate the friction velocity because a boundary condition and various hydraulic properties are changed constantly in near the wall. In the present study, therefore, a new friction velocity equation that can minimize the parameters and reduce an error was suggested. To verify accuracy and reliability for the proposed equation, Clauser method, $\sqrt{gRI}$ method, reynolds stress method by Dr. Song were compared with the proposed method by estimated entropy parameter M for each channel. Consequently, the results show that uniform flow condition as well as non-uniform flow condition with highly accuracy nearly matched in case of accelerating non-uniform condition of $R^2=0.9621$, Decelerating Non Uniform condition of $R^2=0.9274$, Uniform condition of $R^2=0.8865$.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.660-665
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to use basic data of dental hygiene curriculum by comparing the rolling method and modified stillman method. Plaque measurement method, Q-ray examination of the clinical utilization value shall review. True experimental design is randomized controlled trial to the intervention group and the control group. Measurements are plaque control record (PCR; O'Leary index) measurements and Quantitative Light induced fluorescnece Digital (QLFD) shooting as a pre-test was conducted. Intervention group is modified stillman method, control group is rolling method. Intervention after 5 weeks, PCR measurement and QLFD shooting was carried out as a post-test. Rolling method and modified stillman method plaque reduction did not differ. Intervention before and after the results of the comparison showed reduced plaque score after brushing law education. Also, Plaque reduction differences were more pronounced modified stillman method than rolling method. PCR and QLFD values of the correlation was not confirmed but SPS Score and the lower value of the ${\Delta}R$ value of the correlation. Plaque of maturity tooth that are not observed visually.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2020

Korea's elevator industry is one of the world's eighth-largest industrial sectors and the third largest in the world by new installations. This year, the number of elevators has exceeded 700,000, and the number of new installations is 30,000-40,000 every year. However, the news of elevator-related accidents is reported continuously through the media and the accident rate is not decreasing. In particular, among the recent accidents related to elevators, accidents related to elevator workers are increasing, causing social problems. This year, the National Assembly's Environmental Labor Relations Commission's National Auditors lost five lives a year and 12 elevator workers were killed in fall and stenosis accidents during the installation, maintenance and replacement of the elevators for about two years since 2018. It took place to adopt the representatives of four domestic elevator companies as witnesses. An elevator worker is a collective term for workers involved in the design, manufacturing, installation, replacement, maintenance, inspection, management, and supervision related to the elevator industry, and the related accidents are called elevator worker accidents. Analysis of elevator-related accidents in the past has shown that the fault of the user accounted for 70% of the total, and the fault of the worker accounted for about 2.5%, and the accident occurred to the user or the user due to carelessness of the worker during the lift-related work. Currently, elevator-related accidents are reported by the Korea Elevator Safety Agency under Article 48 of the Elevator Safety Management Act under the Ministry of Interior and Safety. If deemed necessary for the prevention and prevention of recurrence of an elevator accident, the cause and condition of the elevator accident may be investigated. However, the current draft law is limited only to elevators after installation inspection, and is separated from the Ministry of Employment and Labor's data on accidents occurring in the manufacturing and installation stages related to the elevator industry. This study analyzes the recent safety accidents of elevator workers and prepares safety measures to prevent them through the risk analysis, and also draws out the problems and improvements of the current elevator worker accident investigation to find the elevator worker accident rate that is on the increase trend.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 2021

This paper describes a design method using an optimization technique to satisfy the longitudinal handling quality of high maneuverable jet aircraft. The dynamic inversion technique was applied to the target aircraft, and the control gain optimization satisfied the longitudinal short-period handling quality, however, the stability margin was not considered. If the stability margin is not satisfied, it is necessary to directly readjust the gains through trial and error methods for improvement. To improve this, an additional compensator and an optimization constraint were added to the control gain optimization procedure. In addition, the degree of handling quality satisfaction with the optimization result was reevaluated, and additional control evaluation criteria for the convergence of the time response and the steady state error that the flight performance requirement set as the optimization constraint cannot be reflected, and the results are described.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted to establish practical goals for the viewing environment and interpretation and delivery system of cultural heritage and to create an viewing environment according to the classification of cultural heritage types, and the conclusions reached are as follows. First, five goals were set based on the international basic principles of the cultural heritage viewing environment and interpretation and delivery system. Second, based on the set goals, cultural heritage was classified into the first type 'disappeared and hidden heritage', the second type 'stuffed memory heritage', and the third type 'living memory heritage'. Third, the directions for creating the viewing environment for each type of cultural heritage were suggested. The first type has to be able to properly convey cultural heritage to visitors through excavation and digital technology. The second type needs a plan to deliver tangible and intangible values by combining various digital technologies with actual cultural heritage. The third type should emphasize the role of local residents in effectively enjoying the tangible and intangible values ??that already exist. Fourth, it proposed comprehensive considerations in the establishment of the cultural heritage viewing environment and interpretation and delivery system. Based on dynamic and sustainable heritage management, cultural heritage viewing should be valuable, satisfying and enjoyable. In addition, local communities should be actively involved, and tourism and conservation activities should be able to benefit the community. Establishment of a viewing environment should protect and strengthen the authenticity of cultural heritage.