• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.791-803
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• 2017

Objectives: Oral health management is important to improve the quality of life among the elderly. This study investigated the performance of elderly oral health management among some care workers in long-term-care hospitals. Methods: The study subjects were 174 care workers in 10 long-term-care hospitals. Data on general characteristics of care workers, attitude, recognition and knowledge of elderly health, performance of elderly oral health management were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression analysis by using a SPSS version 23.0 statistical program. Results: The performance score of oral health management was $4.34{\pm}0.64$ on the 5-point Likert scale. The subjects who exercised more than 2 times a month were significantly higher in their performance of elderly oral health management compared to subjects who did not exercise (${\beta}=0.232$, p=0.035). And, the subjects who cared 10-19 persons were significantly higher in performance of elderly oral health management compared to subjects who cared more than 20 elderly (${\beta}=0.246$, p=0.020). The oral health behavior of care worker (${\beta}=0.271$, p<0.001) and the knowledge of oral health care (${\beta}=0.055$, p=0.008) were positively related to the performance of elderly oral health management. Conclusions: The educational program designed to improve knowledge of care workers in accordance with the standard textbook for training care workers should be developed, and the long term education program should be reinforced to improve the performance for elderly oral health care. If care workers can care a proper number of old persons, they will give oral health care to them.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.260-268
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship among the variables and effects of depression and physical activity on fatigue in the elderly with chronic disease. A descriptive research design was employed in this study. In total, 500 elderly patients diagnosed with chronic disease were selected from 3 medical centers for the study. The measurements were used to examine their general characteristics, fatigue, depression, and physical activity. To analyze the data, statistical analyses, including ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis, were conducted for the analysis of the data. The results indicated that the age, gender, and educational level in the first step model explained 6% of the effect on fatigue among the elderly with chronic disease. In addition, depression and physical activity in the second step model explained 16% of the effect on fatigue. These findings demonstrate the significance of (considering) depression and physical activity related to care plans when developing health-programs for decreasing fatigue and planning intervention strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1284-1291
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• 2015

This study was conducted as a descriptive study with the aim of identifying the effects of clinical nurses' resilience and social problem solving abilities on burnout. Data collection for the study was carried out between May $30^{th}$ and June $19^{th}$, 2013 by surveying 192 clinical nurses working in university medical centers and general hospitals located in D city. Measures were subjects' resiliency, social problem solving abilities, and burnout. For the analysis of the data, the statistical methods of frequency, mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis were employed. When the category of burnout was analyzed by general features, placement in a desired department and size of hospital, there were significant differences. Burnout correlated negatively with resilience and social problem solving abilities. Factors affecting clinical nurses' burnout were identified in the order of resilience, size of hospital, social problem solving abilities, and placement in a desired department and the explanatory power was 43.1%. The findings of the study indicate that in order to decrease clinical nurses' burnout, their resilience and social problem solving abilities have to be enhanced.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.307-314
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• 2006

Elevation differences within a paddy field relate strongly to plant health, crop homogeneity, and pest control. For precision agriculture (PA), the elevation within a field should be precisely controlled. We analyzed variation in elevation within two rice paddies over one crop cycle. The study took place in two rectangular plots (Field A and Field B, each $50m{\times}30m$). Elevations within the two plots were measured by a laser-equipped surveying instrument, that could determine elevations to precisions of 1 mm. The test fields were divided into grids with 30 squares; elevation was measured at the center of each $5{\times}10-m$ grid square. This study measured elevation during nine observation periods from pre-plowing to post-harvest. Descriptive statistics showed the highest elevations after plowing due to soil disturbance. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant elevation differences before and after plowing and transplanting, although elevations were similar over the period of crop growth. Comparison of pre-plowing and post-harvest data showed differences in elevations, indicating that elevation changes occurred during plowing, rice transplanting, plant growth, and harvesting. In summary, the above statistical analyses indicated that elevation changes occurred due to plowing but not during the plant growth season or due to harvesting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.79-94
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to : (a) analyze university students' perception and patronage behaviors to the service quality dimensions, and (b) assist university residence hall foodservices in formulating improved managerial strategies. Questionnaires were hand delivered and mailed to 1,210 university students residing in the residence hall and 13 foodservice managers. A total of 1,011 was usable; resulting in 83.6% response rate. The survey was conducted between October, 1998 and May, 1999. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS/Win 6.12 for Descriptive Analysis, $x^2-test$, T-test, ANOVA, and Stepwise Multiple Regression. Forty-seven percent of the respondents indicated that 'taste' was their first priority when choosing a menu. The reasons behind choosing residence hall foodservice were 'location', 'board plan', 'price', 'taste', 'opening hours', and 'menu variety'. The main reasons of dissatisfaction with the residence hall foodservice were 'board plan', 'taste', 'menu variety'. The overall satisfaction score was 2.99 out of 5. The satisfaction score of ${\ulcorner}convenience{\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}food\;quality{\lrcorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}menu\;variety{\lrcorner}$were 3.25, 2.94 and 2.76, respectively. Generally, male students were more satisfied than females. Graduate students and students living in residence halls over six semesters were the most dissatisfied with the residence hall foodservice. Residence hall students were dissatisfied with the variables ${\ulcorner}menu\;variety{\lrcorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}facilities{\lrcorner}$in 'self-operated' operations, whereas ${\ulcorner}food\;quality{\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}menu\;variety{\lrcorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}price{\lrcorner}$ in 'contracted' operations. Foodservice operations with 'less than 1,000 meals serving per day' was the highest satisfaction score(3.36) among other serving sizes. Meal price with 'less than 1,300 won' was most satisfied with students. When overall customer satisfaction and service quality dimensions were analyzed by Stepwise Multiple Regression ${\ulcorner}food\;quality{\lrcorner}$(p<.001), ${\ulcorner}price{\lrcorner}$(p<.001), ${\ulcorner}facilities{\lrcorner}$(p<.001), ${\ulcorner}convenience{\lrcorner}$(p<.001), ${\ulcorner}menu\;variety{\lrcorner}$(p<.001), ${\ulcorner}manager's\;attitude{\lrcorner}$(p<.0l), and ${\ulcorner}atmosphere{\lrcorner}$(p<.01), in decreasing order, significantly impacted on ${\ulcorner}overall\;customer\;satisfaction{\lrcorner}$.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.880-894
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to a) measure the IC identified of CFMC (contract foodservice management company) ,b) examine IC circumstance of CFMC, c) evaluate practically IC measurement tool of CFMC, and d) present information for selecting an adequate CFMC to clients. The questionnaires of IC measurement were handed out to 108 CFMCs, there composing of main office employees, foodservice managers, customers, and clients of 207 school,38 hospital, and 86 husiness/industry foodservices. The statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS Win (ver 12.0) for descriptive analysis, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test. First, CFMCs had operational experience for an average of 8 years and 8 months, and served an average of 38,540 meals a day. Most of the respondent companies specialized in the school foodservice field and managed an average of 66 clients for the contract period of 2 years and 3 months. Second, the respondent companies had gotten a score of 77.78 points for the total average, 77.7 points in the large enterprise group and 78.1 points in the small and medium-sized enterprise group. Therefore, the minimum number of points for the accrediting license on Qualification is suggested to be over 70 out of a 100 point scale; this study would be serve as reference for the certification license on qualification. On the level of evaluation category, the scores were 14.15 to 20 points on $\ulcorner$finance$\urcorner$, 19.24 to 25 points on $\ulcorner$customer$\urcorner$, 19.33 to 25 points on $\ulcorner$process$\urcorner$, 14.31 to 20 points on $\ulcorner$human resource$\urcorner$, and 8.6 to 10 point on $\ulcorner$renewal and development$\urcorner$ . $\ulcorner$Renewal and development$\urcorner$ and $\ulcorner$customer focus$\urcorner$ received better grades than other evaluation categories. Third, $\ulcorner$Finance$\urcorner$ indicated similar distribution overall. Small and medium-sized companies had lower grades than large companies on 'market ability' of $\ulcorner$customer$\urcorner$ , but, clients of small and medium-sized companies had higher grade for 'client satisfaction' than large companies. Most of the companies supported 'infrastructure support for foodservice operation' of $\ulcorner$process$\urcorner$ by the main office of CFMCs, but, the branch chain offices of CFMCs were not applied efficiently. Large companies made more effort to improve the 'employee ability' of $\ulcorner$human focus$\urcorner$ than small and medium-sized CFMC. The 'research and development cost' of $\ulcorner$renewal and development$\urcorner$ was increased compared to the previous year. In conclusion, if CFMCs were to perform self-evaluation and a routine checkups by utilizing CFMC's IC measuring tool, improvements in CFMC operational capacities as well as foodservice quality can be noted. (Korean J Nutrition 38(10)'880$\sim$894,2005)

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.209-217
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• 2019

This is a descriptive research study undertaken to confirm the relationship between depression, fear-avoidance beliefs, catastrophizing, and the quality of life in the elderly with chronic pain, and how psychological factors affect their quality of life. The subjects were 147 seniors aged 65 years or older, who visited a neuropathy clinic in A city from March 4, 2019 to March 18, 2019. Statistical analysis was achieved by applying t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 software. Considering the demographic characteristics of the elderly, quality of life revealed significant differences with respect to age (F=3.464, p<0.001), the presence of the spouse (F=3.464, p<0.001), health condition (t=4.545, p<0.001), and pain degree (F=14.76, p<0.001). Further analysis revealed that factors affecting quality of life in the elderly with chronic pain are depression (${\beta}=-0.25$, p<0.001), pain degree (${\beta}=0.25$, p<0.001), catastrophizing (${\beta}=-0.28,$p<0.001) and health condition $({\beta}=-0.19$, p<0.001), with a total explanation power of 49%. Hence, researches on the negative psychological factors, such as depression and catastrophizing, are required to improve the quality of life for the elderly. In addition, the development of a systematic nursing arbitration program is necessary to positively recognize active pain control and health conditions.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

This study explored how the family resilience of participants in self-sufficiency programs relates to their willingness to be self-sufficient and analyzed the mediating effects of family support in the relationship. The subjects of the study were 283 people in their 20s to 70s who are participating in a local self-sufficiency center in Gangwon-do. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS 18, with descriptive statistics, difference verification and regression, and mediating effects analyzed following Baron & Kenny(1986). The results of the analysis are as follows. First, we conducted difference verification between the sociodemographic characteristics of participants in the self-sufficiency program and major variables. There was a significant difference in the willingness to be self-sufficient in terms of the caregiving family and household income. Family resilience differed significantly depending on age group, marital status, health condition, household type, caregiving family, and homeownership, while family support differed significantly in age group, marital status, health condition, household type, caregiving family, and debt. Second, we conducted a hierarchical regression analysis to determine the factors influencing the will of self-sufficiency of those participating in the self-sufficiency program and found that the better the health condition, the presence of caregiving families, and the higher the level of family resilience and family support, the higher the level of will to be self-sufficient. Third, analyses of the mediating effect following Baron & Kenny(1986) have shown that family support has a full mediating effect on the relationship between family resilience and the will to be self-sufficient. Thus, we have verified that family resilience and family support are important factors as an alternative to improving the level of willingness for self-sufficiency program participants.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.429-437
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• 2019

This study was a descriptive study to investigate the factors influencing on attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment of nursing students' consciousness of biomedical ethics, good death recognition and meaning of life. The subjects of this study were 293 nursing students attending college at P city. Data were collected for two weeks from May 1, 2018 to May 11, 2018. The statistical method was performed with SPSS WIN 22.0 using a complex sampling analysis, pearson's correlation coefficients, and a multiple regression analysis. The result of this study was significant positive correlation between attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and consciousness of biomedical ethics(r=.266, p<.001), good death recognition(r=.373, p<.001), meaning of life(r=.122, p=.037). The meaning of life was significant positive correlation consciousness of biomedical ethics(r=.294, p<.001), good death recognition(r=.230, p<.001). The good death recognition was significant positive correlation consciousness of biomedical ethics(r=.306, p<.001). Factors Influencing on the attitude toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment was good death recognition(${\beta}=.32$, p<.001) and consciousness of biomedical ethics(${\beta}=.16$, p=.004). These factors explained about 16% of the variance. Therefore it is necessary to develop an educational program to positively raise the attitude of consciousness of biomedical ethics and good death recognition.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.179-194
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• 2010

The purpose of this study examines the elderly hemodialysis patients' Health-related quality in life(HRQL) and investigates the relationship between HRQL and transition of health condition. The subject were 443 elderly hemodialysis patients(over 65 years old) in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. The Health-related quality of life scale was used in this research, in which were analysed a wide range of statistical descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation, reliability analysis, multiple regression and the Scheffe test. The results were as follows. The HRQL were statiscally significant difference by Gender, Educational level, Live with spouse, Best supporter, and Number of Disease. Also the factor related to transition of health condition was Number of Disease. The transition of health condition accounted for 13.9% of variance in HRQL and Number of Disease accounted for an additional 7.4% of HRQL. The factors, which influenced finally on the HRQL in the elderly hemodialysis patients, were transition of health condition and number of disease. In conclusion adequate hemodialysis treatment and social services should be provided in accordance with the factors affecting HRQL in order to improve the HRQL for elderly hemodialysis patients.