• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 1989

Some infertile patients who need IVF-ET for conception have small ovarian cysts diagnosed in pelvic ultrasonography. It is well known that it is impossible or very difficult to perform controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) for such patients because of the poor ovarian response or the possibility of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome(OHSS). To remove or to decrease the size of ovarian cysts, estrogen and progesterone (E-P) therapy with oral contraceptives for 2 cycles and transvaginal aspiration of ovarian cysts using transvaginal ultrasonography were performed in 36 IVF-cancelled infertile patients with ovarian cysts from February to October, 1988 at Seoul National University Hospital. Thirty-nine ovarian cysts($32.8{\pm}9.6$mm in mean diameter) were treated with E-P therapy, and their size decreased to $28.2{\pm}11.0mm$ after 1 cycle and significantly to $24.8{\pm}14.7mm$ after 2 cycles. After E-P therapy for 2 cycles, 7(17.9%) ovarian cysts disappeared in ultrasonography, 9(23.1%) decreased in size significantly, 18(46.2%) had no change in size and 5(12.8%) increased in size. Thirty-two ovarian cysts($30.2{\pm}9.7mm$) in 30 patients were aspirated transvaginally, and there was no significant decrease in size after follow-up transvaginal ultrasonography($27.8{\pm}12.5mm$). After transvaginal aspiration, 3(9.4%) ovarian cysts disappeared and 28(87.5%) had no change in size. The mean amount of the transvaginally aspirated cystic fluids was $19.6{\pm}13.2ml$, and there was no malignant cells in aspiration cytology. Four endometrioid cysts, one dermoid cyst and one mucinous cyst could be diagnosed in consideration of the findings of transvaginal ultrasonography and the characteristics and cytology of aspirated fluids. Therefore E-P therapy and transvaginal aspiration of ovarian cysts had made it possible to restart IVF program earlier in the IVF-cancelled patients with ovarian cysts.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.211-213
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• 2008

Epidermoid cysts located in floor of mouth can be easily removed intraorally. The cysts inferior to mylohyoid muscle have been excised transcervically. However, an intraoral removal of a cyst extended inferior to mylohyoid muscle has not been reported yet. A 20-year-old female visited to the hospital with a cystic mass in submental region. Neck computed tomography revealed a 6.0${\times}$4.3cm sized circumscribed cystic mass in midline of submental area. The cyst lied external to the genioglossal and geniohyoid muscle, extending inferior to mylohyoid muscle. The mass was removed successfully by intraoral approach. It was performed under the exposure by the division of genioglossal and geniohyoid muscle, traction of the cystic wall after aspiration of the cyst, and digital compression externally.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1977

Mediastinal tumor are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Hanten, in 1955, reported-2 adult patients with spontaneous rupture of mediastinal dermoid cysts into the pleural cavity and also, Thompson, in 1963, reported 2 child patients with spontaneous rupture of mediastinal teratoma into the pleural cavity. Mediastinal teratomas have also been reported rupture into other contiguous structures, such as the bronchus, aorta, pericardium, SVC and esophagus. This report presents an instance of spontaneous rupture of an anterior mediastinal teratoma into the right pleural cavity of a 43 year old female. Despite variable diagnostic procedures, the true nature of the lesion was not determined until a thoracotomy and window formation was performed for adequate drainage of empyema thoracis. Removal of the teratoma and mediastinal window formation resulted in complete cure.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.1000-1004
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• 2006

Atretic cephalocele is a degenerative form of encephalocele, which is detected as a cystic mass in the head, primarily in infants. Its presentation and prognosis vary and depend on various factors, including the nature of the tissues within the cyst, other concomitant anomalies, the site of development, and the presence or absence of an embryonic straight sinus. We here report 2 cases of atretic encephalocele, that were transferred to our hospital because round tumors, misdiagnosed as dermoid cysts, were detected in their parietal lobes immediately after birth. On diagnostic and differential MRI, an embryonic straight sinus was detected while histochemical results indicated that the lesions contained cerebral tissues. Despite these structural anomalies, the two patients developed normally neurologically and no other anomalies were detected. We here discuss these two cases and present a review of the relevant literature.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4693-4697
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• 2013

Background: Malignant transformation arising in mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is one of the most serious complications of MCT. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant change. Some clinical findings such as advanced age group and large tumor size are significant risk factors of malignant transformation. This study was conducted in order to evaluate characteristics, cell types, treatment and outcome of malignant transformation arising from dermoid cysts in our institution. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed. General characteristics, operative data, procedure, operative finding and operative outcome were analyzed. Statistical assessment was performed with SPSS version 17.0, using mean, mode, median and percentage to describe those data. Results: During the 10 years period, 11 cases of malignant transformation from a total of 753 cases (1.46% incidence) of MCT were reviewed. Mean age of the patients was 41.2 years (SD 4.34, range 24-70). The most common presenting symptom was a palpable mass (8 cases; 72.7%). Primary surgical staging was performed in 4 patients (36.4%). Re-staging was conducted in the other 4. Complete cytoreduction was obtained in 45.5% (5 cases) and optimal surgical resection was obtained in 36.4% (4 cases). Mean tumor size was 14.1 cm. (SD 1.55, range 6-20). Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 36.4% (4 cases) and mucinous cancer in the other 4. More than half of them were stage Ia (54.5%, 6 cases). All patients whose stage more than Ia received chemotherapy (45.5%). Mean disease free survival was 5.53 years (1.32, 0.3-10). Conclusion: According to our study, the incidence of malignant transformation was consistent with previous studies. The common malignant transformation histologic types are both squamous and mucinous carcinoma which differed from previous reports. Early detection for early stage disease and optimal surgery are important for long term survival.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.326-333
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• 2013

On $H^1$ MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), malignant tumors show higher concentration of metabolite than benign lesions. Lactate double peak was detected in malignant tumor and endometriosis, and more prominent high concentration was demonstrated in endometriosis. Tuboovarian abscesses and salpingitis do not show prominent peak. Dermoid cysts show high levels of lipid peak. Paratubal cyst and follicular cyst can be showed the lipid peak, however, the concentration of lipid is lower than that of dermoid cyst. $H^1$ MRS of ovarian cystic lesions can give valuable information about the presence of metabolites of ovarian cystic lesions.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.535-539
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• 2011

Epidermoid cyst is a cystic form of teratoma and believed to be derived from trapped embryonic cells along the lines of embryonic closure. A 28-year-old woman presented with a painless swelling over the left mandibular area. On panoramic view, the mandible revealed a $5.5{\times}2.0\;cm^2$ multilocular radiolucent lesion of the left mandibular body and a computed tomography scan showed expansion of both the buccal and lingual plates in the same area. Microscopy found stratified squamous epithelium of the cystic wall and cystic contents of keratinized material. The histological diagnosis wasan epidermoid cyst. The most common location of epidermoid cyst at the head and neck is in the orbit (47%), followed by the mouth floor (23%) and the cervical area (9~24%), but in the jaw bone, it is considered very infrequent. We report the uncommon epidermoid cyst in the mandibular body that had a good healing outcome after treatment with a conservative marsupialization during the 40 months follow-up.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.293-296
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• 2001

Mature cystic teratomas, commonly called dermoid cysts, are the most common benign germ cell tumors of ovary in women of reproductive age. Mature cystic teratoma that constitutes 10-25% of ovarian tumors and 95% of teratoma, is germ cell tumor of the ovary. This occurs frequently in women less than 20 years old, but it can be found upto 10-20% in postmenopausal women. And in women over the age of 50, a mature cystic teratoma is likely to change into malignant form. Traditional surgical methods of mature cystic teratoma treatment include transabdominal cystectomy, oophorectomy, hysterectomy and(or) bilateral salphingooophorectomy. Recently laparoscopic approach replaces transabdominal surgeries in many cases. Vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma is unique and rare. Compared with laparotomy, transvaginal approach is characterized by shorter hospital stay and lower morbidity rate. Compared with laparoscopic operation, transvaginal approach has advantages of no visible operative scar and lower intra-operative tumor spillage. The decision for surgical methods is related with patients' situations and surgeon's preference. We report 1 case of vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma as a part of vaginal hysterectomy in old age patient.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 1998

The plunging ranula or cervical ranula is amucous extravasation cyst of the sublingual gland. It is slightly common in females, shows no side preference, and is more prevalent in the second and third decades of life. It typically manifests as a painless, nonmobile swelling in the neck. The pathogenesis of plunging ranula is the discontinuities of the mylohyoid muscle in a position that would allow extravasation of sublingual gland mucin. The histologic appearance is characteristically of a cyst, devoid of epithelium or endothelium, with a vascular fibro-connective tissue wall containing some chronic inflammatory cells and macrophages stuffed with mucin. The correct diagnosis is essential for the most effective treatment, which is exicision of the sublingual gland. The plunging ranula must be differentiated clinically and histomorphologically from thyroglossal duct cyst, dermoid cyst, branchogenic cyst, lymphangioma, laryngocele, lipoma, hemangioma, cervial thymic cyst, cysts of the parathyroid or thyroid gland, lymphadenopathy, abscess, or tumor. We report a case and review the literatures, in our case, 23-year old man were diagnosis as plunging ranula after have been taken sialogam, MRI, etc. He underwent surgery via a cervical approach. The ranula reached the anterior neck by passing through a dehiscence in the mylohyoid muscle. A pseudocyst was extirpated. Although total sublingual gland excision was not performed, no recurrence was observed during 6 months follow-up periods.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 1998

Recently, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for mediastinal lesions has been considered a new effective therapeutic method. From March, 1992 to April, 1997, 33 cases of video assisted thoracoscopic surgery for mediastinal lesions were performed. Gender distribution was 16 males and 17 females. Average age was 42 years old(ranged from 14 to 69). The locations of lesions were anterior mediastinum in 14 cases, middle mediastinum in 5 cases, posterior mediastinum in 11 cases, and superior mediastinum in 3 cases. These included 9 neurilemmomas, 5 benign cystic teratoma, 4 pericardial cysts, 2 ganglioneuroma, 2 thymus, 2 thymic cyst, 1 thymoma, 2 esophageal leiomyomas, 1 dermoid cyst, 1 lipoma, 1 malignant lymphoma, 1 bronchogenic cyst, 1 pericardial effusion, and 1 Boerhaave's disease with empyema. Working window was needed in 6 cases. We converted to open thoracotomy in 6 cases. Reasons of convertion to open thoracotomy were large sized mass(1), severe adhesion(3), and difficult location to approach(2). The average operation time was 116min($\pm$56 min). The average chest tube drainage time was 4.7days. The average hospital stay was 8.7 days. Operative complications were atelectasis(2), empyema with mediastinitis(1), recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy(1), and plenic nerve palsy(1). In conclusion, VATS for mediastinal lesions were performed with shorter operation time and hospital stay, and lesser complications and pain than those of conventional thoracotomy.