• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.215-227
• /
• 2010

Objectives : Jeon-Jeung(癲證) is one of negative symptoms from schizophrenia in Western medecine, which causes flattening of affect, emotional bluntness, and avolition. Compared with positive symptoms of schizophrenia, there is no established treatments that have been proved to be effective for negative symptoms, and since negative symptoms are chronically processed, they finally lead to devastate the mental health. Since Jeon-Jeung(癲證) is usually in set in adolescent period and tends to become chronic through life time, it is important to start getting treatments in early stage by being distinguished from other diseases, such as anxiety disorder. A patient in this case was affective blunting, general weakness, and delusion when sixteen years old. However, he refused to get Western medicine treatment and wanted oriental medicine treatment. Methods : The patient in this case had been suffered from severe stress from his family since he was young and had kept having irregular and unhealthy eating habits. Therefore, he diagnosed stagnant qi transforming into fire(氣鬱化火), heart blood deficiency(心血虛), and spleen-stomach deficiency cold(脾胃虛寒) and since then he had received several treatments including herbal treatment, acupumcture treatment, supportive therapy, and family therapy. These treatments were successful and reduced the level of symptoms. After discharged from the hospital, he had continued receiving outpatient treatment with his family for 8 months and his progress had been still observed after the discharge. Results : The symptoms of patient had been almost reduced and eliminated after he received 29days of admission treatment and the patient got better and better and now lives a normal life 8 months outpatient treatment. Conclusions : This result suggests that our oriental medical treatments and family treatments was effective on schizophrenia.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.745-761
• /
• 2000

Literatural study for Delirious speech and Fading murmuring, the results were as follows. 1. Delirious speech and Fading murmuring are given at the speech impediment. Derious speech to be out of language's order and slur the end of his words, and Fading murmuring is to repeat in losing conscious. 2. In constrast with Delirious speech and Fading murmuring, Maniac speech is induced by a general term for manic-depressive psychosis. Luoyan is to say in a feeble voice and mumble in a sleeping condition, and Paraphasia and Solioquy are appeared in a clear mental condition. The speech impediment is caused by damages of the nervous system and speech organ, and Yuyancuoluan is appeared in a feverless condition. 3. The symptoms of Delirious speech are to utter ravings and have a loud and heavy voice, and these resemble the delirium which specially has a speech impediment and muddle in the western medical world. The symptoms of Fading murmuring are to speak ambigously, repeatedly, and illogically and so are similar to the Wernicke dysphasia which is caused by a incomprehensible conversation. 4. The causes of Delirious speech are to spread a stomach heat and the lungs pathogenic qi into heart, not to sweat in cold damage, the Three Yang Combination of syndrome, stomach repletion, yang collapse due to excessive sweat, diarrhea, after diarrhea, heat to enter the blood chamer, feces to remain in the stomach, stasis blood to enter the viscera, to carry anger to extremity, and to be constipated. the cause of Fading murmuring is to despair vacuity desertion of vital essence and energy after a serious illness. 5. The causes of delirium are general infection, postoperative states, and metabolism disorders and those of Wernicke dysphasia are disorders of the blood vessel, brain tumors and traumas. 6. Delirious speech is cured with the discrimination of vacuity and repletion. Baitong Tang(白通湯), Chaihu Guizhi Tang(柴胡桂枝湯), Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang(柴胡加龍骨牡蠣湯) are prescribed in case of vacuity, while Chengqi Tang(承氣湯), Baihu Tang(白虎湯), Liangge San(凉膈散) are in case of repletion. Fading murmuring is treated with Xiao Chaihu Tang(小柴胡湯), Fuzi Tang Jiawei(附子湯加味), Shengmai San(生脈散), and Renshen Sanbai Tang(人蔘三白湯). 7. To acupunture Qimen-Xue(期門穴) is required when it is late to prescribe a medical decoction or the hyperactive liver qi attacking the spleen.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.357-371
• /
• 1996

Lithium (Li) is known to be used not only during acute manic psychosis but also acute depressive phase in manic-depression. In the present study, it was attempted to investigate the effect of lithium on catecholamine (CA) secretion from the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland and to clarify the mechanism of its action. Replacement of $Na^+$ (118.4 mM) by lithium in the normal Krebs-bicarbonate solution used to perfuse the gland produced gradually an increased response in the spontaneous catecholamine release, which was peaked at $30{\sim}60$ min after its perfusion. Li-Krebs solution was perfused into an adrenal vein for 2 hours in every experiments. Li-Krebs-evoked CA secretory responses were depressed significantly under loading with $Ca^{++}-free$ medium. This CA secretion evoked by lithium loading was also reduced markedly by the pretreatment with nicardipine ($10^{-6}$ M), TMB-8 ($10^{-5}$ M) and chlorisondamine ($10^{-6}$ M) for 20 min, respectively, while was not affected by preloading with a pirenzepine ($2{\times}10^{-6}$ M)-containing Krebs. $Na^+$ pump inhibition by pretreatment with ouabain ($10^{-4}$ M) for 20 min did make the marked depression in Li-evoked CA secretory responses. Moreover, Li-evoked CA release was also diminished markedly by preloading with tetrodotoxin ($5{\times}10^{-7}$ M)-contaming Krebs for 20 min. All these experimental results taken together suggest that lithium enhances CA secretion in a $Ca^{++}$-dependent fashion by its accumulation in the adrenomedullary chromaffin cells of the rat, and that this secretory effect may be meidated by a dual mechanism: (i) chromaffin cell depolarization and subsequent opening of voltage-sensitive $Ca^{++}$ channels and (ii) activation of a $[Li]_i-[Ca]_0$ counter-transport system.