• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.213-235
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• 2004

This study investigated the Infant Institutional Household (IIH) for the care of infants. The purpose was to provide basic information needed to raise Korea's birth rate and to design higher level nursing facilities which can satisfy working mothers who are presently offered few facilities. To achieve this purpose. IIM was divided into 7 sub-functional stations : planning-management, marketing, materials-management, business-management, man power-management, financial-management and control etc. The results are as follows : 1. Kind of facilities : Infants'(full responsibility) Institutional Household. 2. Number of infants : total 19 babies. 3. Ratio of infants to teachers : one to one (Contained assistance teachers) 4. Installing region : convenient traffic place - in Seoul. 5. Building site and kind : the first floor space of 60pyung (198㎡) in the Apartment complex which . contained many apartments of small size. 6. Nursing time : 24-hour day care in weekdays Age of object : age from 1month to 24months old babies(after his/her birth). 7. Kind of services and Cost : mother-like care, cost includes nursing-fee, a deposit and admission-fee. 8. Economic Condition and managing direction : pursuit limited profits with nursing-fee, admission-fee, a loan and national (or self -government of direct) supplementary funds.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.24-29
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• 2005

Fm (Focused ion beam) system is one of the most important equipments for the nano-scale machining. Various researches have been performed, since it can etch the material and deposit 3-D structure with high-aspect-ratio in the nanometer scale. In spite of those researches, the definite method for the reliability of FIB system has not been reported. In this paper, we proposed the reliability assessment method through nano-pattern fabrication. In the fabricated nano-pattern, the characteristics of FIB system are included. Using this effect, we tried to assess the FIB reliability. First, we suggested reliability assessment items and nano-patterns. And, to know the suitableness of the proposed method, we fabricated several nano-patterns using Nova200(FEI Company) and SMI2050(SEIKO) which are FIB apparatuses. The fabricated nano-patterns are measured with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and compared with designed dimensions. And the compared results showed that the proposed method is suitable for the assessment of FIB system reliability.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.668-674
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• 2017

Experimental verification of boron species in fuel CRUD (Chalk River Unidentified Deposit) would provide essential and important information about the root cause of CRUD-induced power shifts (CIPS). To date, only bonaccordite and elemental boron were reported to exist in fuel CRUD in CIPS-troubled pressurized water reactor (PWR) cores and lithium tetraborate to exist in simulated PWR fuel CRUD from some autoclave tests. We have reevaluated previous analysis of similar threadlike crystals along with examining some similar threadlike crystals from CRUD samples collected from a PWR cycle that had no indications of CIPS. These threadlike crystals have a typical [Ni]/[Fe] atomic ratio of ~2 and similar crystal morphology as the one (bonaccordite) reported previously. In addition to electron diffraction study, we have applied electron energy loss spectroscopy to determine boron content in such a crystal and found a good agreement with that of bonaccordite. Surprisingly, such crystals seem to appear also on corroded surfaces of Alloy 600 that was exposed to simulated PWR primary water with a dissolved hydrogen level of $5mL\;H_2/kg\;H_2O$, but absent when exposed under $75mL\;H_2/kg\;H_2O$ condition. It remains to be verified as to what extent and in which chemical environment this phase would be formed in PWR primary systems.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.350-355
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• 2009

The crysralline silicon solar cell where the solar cell market grows rapidly is occupying of about 85% or more high efficiency and low cost endeavors many crystalline solar cells. The fabricaion process of high efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells necessitate complicated fabrication processes and Ti/Pd/AG contact, This metal contacts have only been used in limited areas in spite of their good srability and low contact resistance because of expensive materials and process. Commercial solar cells with screen-printed solar cells formed by using Ag paste suffer from loe fill factor and high contact resistance and low aspect ratio. Ni and Cu metal contacts have been formed by using electroless plating and light-induced electro plating techniques to replace the Ti/Pd/Ag and screen-printed Ag contacts. Copper and Silver can be plated by electro & light-induced plating method. Light-induced plating makes use the photovoltaic effect of solar cell to deposit the metal on the front contact. The cell is immersed into the electrolytic plating bath and irradiated at the front side by light source, which leads to a current density in the front side grid. Electroless plated Ni/ Electro&light-induced plated Cu/ Light-induced plated Ag contact solar cells result in an energy conversion efficiency of 16.446 % on 0.2~0.6${\Omega}$ cm, $20{\times}20mm^2$, CZ(Czochralski) wafer.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.361-364
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• 2003

It was investigated that the structural and electrical Properties of Ce-doped Ba(Zr$_{x}$Ti$_{1-x}$ )O$_3$ (BCZT) thin films with a mole fraction of x=0.2 and a thickness about 100 nm. BCZT films were prepared on Pt/Ti/SiO$_2$/Si substrate by a RF magnetron sputtering system. We have measured the thickness profile with Ar/O$_2$ ratio and the surface roughness. It was observed that the oxygen gas, which introduced during the film deposition, have an influence on the roughness of the film and the film roughness was reduced by annealing from 2.33 nm to 2.02 nm (RMS at 500 $^{\circ}C$, Ar:6 sccm, $O_2$:6 sccm). It was found that annealing procedure after top electrode deposit can reduce the dissipation factor.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.160-166
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• 2007

In this paper, the measured electrical resistance method is proposed to analyze the ramp-tab contact during the load/unload (L/UL) process. Since this method supplies the voltage change due to the resistance change, we can easily and conveniently identify the ramp-tab contact from the acoustic emission (AE) signal. At first, we carefully deposit the conductive material on the surface of the conventional ramp by sputtering method. The ratio frequency (RF) magnetron co-sputtering system is applied to accomplish the deposited double-layers on the ramp surface. One layer is the stainless steel for the conductive layer and the other is the titanium layer for the cohesive function between the ramp surface and the stainless steel layer. In order to guarantee the stiffness and damping properties of the original ramp, the deposited conductive layer is intended to have very thin thickness. After integration the proposed ramp device into the L/UL system and networking the electrical resistance circuit, the L/UL performance is experimentally evaluated by comparing the measured electrical resistance signal and AE signal.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.51-54
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• 2000

In this paper, $Ba_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$TiO$_3$ thin films were prepared on Pt/Ti/SiO$_2$/Si substrate by RF magnetron sputtering method. We investigated effect of deposition conditions (especially RF input power) on structural properties of BST thin films. Deposit conditions of BST films were set working gas ratio, Ar:O$_2$= 70 : 30, working pressure 10mTorr, and RF input power 25W, 50W, 75W and 100W. Post-annealing using rapid thermal annealing(RTA) performed at 45$0^{\circ}C$, 55$0^{\circ}C$, $650^{\circ}C$, and 75$0^{\circ}C$ in oxigen ambient for 60 sec, respectively. The structural properties of BST films on Pt/Ti/SiO$_2$/Si substrate analysed by X-ray diffraction(XRD).).).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2021

The financial sector is one of the most important building blocks of the economy. When this sector efficiently implemented a well-crafted program on banking and financial system to translate financial activities to income-generating activity, economic growth will be realized. Hence, this study analyzed the effect of financial intermediation on economic growth and the existence of cointegrating relationship using time-series data from 1986 to 2015. The influence of financial intermediation in terms of bank credit to bank deposit ratio, private credit, and stock market capitalization and time trend to economic growth was estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression. The results showed that all the financial intermediation indicators and time trend exert significant effect on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. The positive sign of the time trend indicates that there is an upward trend in GDP per capita averaging approximately 0.06 percent annually. Furthermore, the cointegration test using the Johansen procedure revealed that there is a presence of long-term equilibrium relationship between financial intermediation and time trend and economic growth, and rules out spurious regression results. This study established the idea that financial intermediation in the Philippines has a significant and vital role in stimulating growth in the economy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.923-931
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• 2021

The aim of the present study is to analyze the financial performance of converted commercial bank from non-banking financial institution through a case study of Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited as sample organization. It is observed that the bank is able to achieve a stable growth rate in total deposits, total loans and advances, and net income after tax during the period of 2015-2019. Researchers also calculated some ratio analysis and noticed that the financial position of Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited was not so strong because bank's ROA, ROE, NIM and other ratios were below standard. Researchers used secondary data that were examined by using descriptive statistical tools and panel data regression model. Result shows that Bangladesh Commerce Bank has satisfactory operating efficiency, assets management efficiency, and gives loans to customers. In addition, the present study has tested some hypotheses regarding net income after tax, ROA and ROE with total assets, total loans, total deposits and interest income. These hypotheses have been accepted, which means there is no significant influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The study suggests that Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited had the opportunities to make their financial position stronger by utilizing their good financial position and management efficiencies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1171-1180
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the impact of the multimarket contract on risk-adjusted profitability. Risk-adjusted profitability is measured in terms of risk-adjusted return on assets. This study employs dynamic panel data of 27 commercial banks in Vietnam using the GMM estimator to test the multimarket contact hypothesis in the Vietnamese banking sector. The results show that there is a negative impact of multimarket contact on the profitability of banks. Multimarket contact, deposit to asset ratio, non-interest income to total income, GDP growth rate, Worldwide Governance Indicator (WGI), and operating cost to assets are the major determinants of risk-adjusted profitability of commercial banks. Our main findings show that Vietnamese banks' focus to increase the multimarket contact may lead to lower profitability and there is evidence that supports theory predictions, since the average number of contacts among banks, bank size, and capitalization are positively related to risk-adjusted profitability. The study has policy implications for commercial banks in that they should not only focus on interest as a source of income and diversify their income source from non-interest income as well since it helps to improve risk-adjusted profitability for them.