• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2018

To assess a potential possibility of Deoduck as functional food resources, this study was performed to determine the changes in chemical components and antioxidant activities on Deoduck with various aging conditions; aging temperatures were 60, 70, and $80^{\circ}C$, and aging periods were 5, 10, 15, 30, and 50 days. We determined pH, total acidity, browning index, 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural, total phenolic contents, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of aged Deoduck. Total acidity of aged samples increased during aging treatment, at higher temperature and longer time. The pH value of aged Deoduck ranged from 4.97 to 3.76. Aged Deoduck at $60^{\circ}C$ decreased slowly than 70 and $80^{\circ}C$, and these results were similar in total acidity. 5-HMF and total phenolic contents increased when increased aging temperature and periods. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of Deoduck were ranged from 0.374 to 1.560 mg TEAC eq/g and from 0.302 to 1.745 mg trolox eq/g, respectively.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.680-686
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted on wild vegetables; Gondalbi (Cirsium setidens), Deoduck (Codonopsis lanceolata Trautv.), and Jandae (Adenophora triphylla var. Joponica Hara) seed to study whether priming with deep sea water results in enhancement of seed germination and identify the optimum concentration of the priming solution, and duration of priming. Seeds were primed with 5 various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30%) of deep sea water (DSW) in 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours at $24^{\circ}C$. Since Jandae had seed dormancy, it was kept for four weeks in refrigerator at $2^{\circ}C$ after priming treatment. In Deoduck, 5 percentage DSW priming significantly improved the early germination percentage, radicle length, and plumule emergence percentage. Among the priming period of treatments, 24 hours priming showed better performance in this treatment whereas, in Jandae, 12 hours priming with 10 percentages DSW significantly improved the germination percentage and germination rate. This treatment had increased the final germination percentage by 54%, 15% and 40% compared with control, plain water and $KNO_3$ priming respectively. But in Gondalbi, priming did not improve the germination of seed. However, among the priming treatments, 12 hours priming with 3% $KNO_3$ and 20% DSW gave better performance. In both the wild vegetables; Deoduck and Jandae, priming in deep sea water had improved the germination percentage and germination rate as compare to plain water, $KNO_3$, and without priming treatment. Hence the best seed priming treatment on Deoduck and Jandae are 24 hours with 5% DSW and 12 hours with 10% DSW respectively.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.924-932
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 다양한 가공공정 처리를 한 더덕 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량과 항산화활성 변화를 비교하였다. 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 S5FDW에서 73.9 mg GAE/g과 50.9 mg QUE/g으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, DE에서는 15.7 mg GAE/g과 14.7 mg QUE/g으로 가장 낮았다. DPPH와 ABTS radical 소거능은 농도 의존적인 경향을 나타냈으며, 1.0 mg/mL 농도에서 $27.0{\pm}2.5%$, $17.4{\pm}0.6%$로 S5FEW에서 가장 높은 소거능을 보였다. SOD 유사활성은 1.0 mg/mL 농도에서 HFDE가 $29.7{\pm}3.2%$로 높은 유사활성을 보였으며, DE가 $19.9{\pm}1.6%$로 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. FRAP에 의한 환원력은 S5FDW가 1.0 mg/mL 농도에서 $140.8{\pm}4.5$ ${\mu}M$ Fe(II)/g으로 높은 환원력을 나타내었다. $Fe^{2+}$ chelating 활성은 1.0 mg/mL 농도에서 $46.0{\pm}1.6%$로 DE가 높은 활성을 보였고, HFDE가 $15.8{\pm}1.0%$로 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. 가공공정을 이용한 더덕 추출물의 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량과 항산화 활성 간의 상관관계는 총 폴리페놀 함량과 총 플라보노이드, DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능 그리고 FRAP에 의한 환원력은 r=0.958(p<0.001), r=0.849(p<0.01), r=0.932(p<0.01) 및 r=0.985(p<0.001)로 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 총 플라보노이드 함량과 DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능과 FRAP에 의한 환원력은 r=0.818(p<0.05), r=0.834(p<0.05) 및 r=0.944(p<0.001)로 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내어 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량이 항산화에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 이상의 결과, 더덕의 가공공정은 더덕의 물리적 조직 변화와 더덕 성분의 화학적 변화를 일으켜 페놀성 물질을 증가시키므로 항산화 성분 함량과 항산화 활성 증가를 가져오는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 이러한 가공공정을 거친 더덕을 활용하여 항산화 활성이 증가된 천연 항산화제 개발이 가능할 것이며, 향후 가공과정 중 증가 또는 생성되는 활성물질에 대한 구조와 작용메커니즘 등에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 제초제 저항성 더덕을 개발하고자 하여 제초제 저항성 bar유전자의 형질전환을 수행하였고, 더덕 종자 발아 생리, 체세포배 유도 및 선별배지 농도 등에 대해 조사하였다. 기내종자발아는 GA$_3$를 첨가한 MS배지에 치상하여 15$^{\circ}C$에서 배양하였을 때 광, 암 두 조건 모두에서 90%의 발아율을 나타내었다. 식물체 재분화는 체세포 배발생 경로를 통하여 이루어 졌다. 배발생 캘러스는 자엽, 줄기,잎을 2,4-D와 Zeatin을 혼용처리하여 유도할 수 있었다. Basta와 PPT는 10mg/L 이상의 농도에서 식물체가 갈변고사 하였다. Explant는 l00mg/L 이상의 kanamycin에서 캘러스를 형성하지 못하였다. Explant를 제초제 저항성 bar유전자의 식물 형질전환 벡터를 포함하는 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404과 2일간 공존 배양한 후, 100mg/L kanamycin, 500mg/L carbenicillin과 1.0mg/L 2,4-D이 포함된 배지에서 형질전환체를 선발하였고, 계대배양으로 배발생 캘러스를 유도하고 체세포배를 얻었다. 체세포배를 200 mg/L kanamycin,500mg/L carbenicillin이 포함된 N6배지에 치상하여 발아시켰다. PCR 수행결과 NPTII와 bar유전자가 증폭되어 나타남으로서 도입된 유전자가 잠정적인 형질전환체 내에 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 얻어진 bur유전자 형질전환 식물체는 RNA및 단백질 수준에서의 발현 여부 검정을 거친 후, 제초제 저항성 더덕 생산 및 제초제 저항성 유전자의 후대 유전 양상 분석을 위한 기초 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.506-509
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• 2014

This study was conducted to identify transition characteristics of mercury in several selected medicinal plants and to find the appropriate management for production of safety food. Cultivated soils and medicinal plants were collected at 29 sites for Angelica gigas (Korean angelica root), 68 sites for Platycodon grandiflorum (Balloon flower), 35 sites for codonopsis lanceolata (Deoduck), 36 sites for Dioscorea batatas (Chinese yam), 32 sites for Rehmannia glutinosa (Foxglove), 16 sites for Cnidium officinale makino (cnidium), and 26 sites for Astragalus membranaceus (milk vetch root) during the harvest season of 2013. Mercury in the soils and medicinal roots were analyzed with a Direct Mercury Analyzer. Average content of mercury in soils cultivated medicinal plants was $0.023mg\;kg^{-1}$ (range: from 0.003 to $0.074mg\;kg^{-1}$) and average content of mercury in medicinal plants was $0.003mg\;kg^{-1}$ (range: from 0.001 to $0.011mg\;kg^{-1}$), indicating that mercury in the surveyed soils and medicinal plants were not exceeded the Korean regulation.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify transition characteristics of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) and to calculate bio-concentration factors (BCF) in the three perennial root medicinal plants, namely Codonopsis lanceolata (Deoduck), Platycodon grandiflorum (Balloon flower) and Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) grown in major medicinal plant producing districts in Korea. Average BCF values ranged from 0.009~0.029 in As, 0.334~1.453 in Cd, and 0.021~0.023 in Pb in three perennial root medicinal plants. The BCF values increased in the order of ginseng (0.029) > deodeok (0.012) > balloon flower (0.009) for As, balloon flower (1.453) > deodeok (0.685) > ginseng (0.334) for Cd, and ginseng (0.023) > deodeok (0.022) > balloon flower (0.021) for Pb. The BCF values calculated in this study will be useful for predicting the uptake of heavy metal (loid)s. Further study on uptake and accumulation mechanism of toxic metal (loid)s by agricultural products is required to assess the human health risk associated with soil contamination.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2021

Codonopsis lanceolata, called deodeok in Korean, has been verified for various effects, including anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects and insomnia improvement, and is one of the healthy foods that Koreans enjoy eating. In this study, the saponin content, lansemaside A content, and total saponin content of deodeok were analyzed using high-pressure sterilization and solid fermentation by mixed lactic acid bacteria. The antioxidant effect was compared to determine improved processing methods of deodeok. The lansemaside A content of deodeok samples depending on the preprocessing methods was analyzed: 2,594.10 mg/kg for dried deodeok, 2,100.93 mg/kg for steamed deodeok, and 1,151.31mg/kg for fermented deodeok. The total saponin content was found to be 7,209 mg/kg for dried deodeok and 8,605 mg/kg for steamed deodeok, showing a high saponin content. The total polyphenol content was highest for dried deodeok, steamed deodeok, and fermented deodeok. As for the antioxidant effect, it was analyzed that the effect of dried deodeok was the highest, followed by steamed deodeok and fermented deodeok; Dried deodeok had the highest value in total polyphenol content, not in total saponin content, which is considered to have a positive influence on its antioxidant effect. The content of lansemaside A was the highest for dried deodeok. When fermented deodeok is consumed, more beneficial effects on health can be expected by ingesting it with lactic acid bacteria cultured using saponins and polyphenols. Therefore, this study suggests the possibility of manufacturing products suitable for the needs of consumers, such as the flavor of deodeok, according to the processing methods.