• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) of the mandible is commonly used in the oral cavity as an anesthetic technique for dental procedures. This study evaluated the success rate of the first IANB administered by dental practitioners. Methods: Volunteer dental practitioners at Mahidol University who had never performed an INAB carried out 106 INAB procedures. The practitioners were divided into 12 groups with their advisors by randomized control trials. We recorded the success rate via pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results: A large percentage of the dental practitioners (85.26%) used the standard method to locate the anatomical landmarks, injecting the local anesthetic at the correct position, with the barrel of the syringe parallel to the occlusal plane of the mandibular teeth. Further, 68.42% of the dental practitioners injected the local anesthetic on the right side by using the left index finger for retraction. The onset time was approximately 0-5 mins for nearly half of the dental practitioners (47.37% for subjective onset and 43.16% for objective onset), while the duration of the IANB was approximately 240-300 minutes (36.84%) after the initiation of numbness. Moreover, the VAS pain scores were $2.5{\pm}1.85$ and $2.1{\pm}1.8$ while injecting and delivering local anesthesia, respectively. Conclusions: The only recorded factor that affected the success of the local anesthetic was the administering practitioner. This reinforces the notion that local anesthesia administration is a technique-sensitive procedure.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 2008

Purpose: We evaluated the physical stress and pain to the musculoskeletal system of a dental practitioner when engaging in a dental scaling training exercise to prevent the development of musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: The 18 female (average age: 21$\pm$1 years) subjects were voluntarily picked from a group of juniors who have completed a one-and-a-half year training course that includes training exercises on the dentiform and on live subjects (other trainees). The test is done by measuring pain, activity, grip strength, and finger dexterity for each subject's hand and wrist. Before the test all subjects were confirmed to be right-handed and were informed of the study and its objective. Measuring was done before and after each subject performed dental scaling for one hour using the scaler and the curet. Results: Pain levels increased for both hand and shoulders, but hand pain was often greater than shoulder pain. Grip strength significantly declined in the right hand but not the left. For joint mobility, the flexion and the extension for the shoulder joint did not change; but the range of motion for both wrist joints significantly increased. For the dexterity test, both hands showed increased dexterity after the exercise. Conclusion: Dental scaling can affect the shoulders and wrists/hands. Therefore, a musculoskeletal injury prevention program for dental practitioners, which may include encouraging them to assume correct body posture when at work, must be sought. This study evaluated only the shoulders, wrists, and hands; but future studies should include areas such as the cervical area, the back, and the lower limbs.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.192-202
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• 2014

Bisphosphonate(BP) significantly influence the hone remodeling process. Increasing number of patients with osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease need high dose or long term bisphosphonate therapy. Major adverse effect is jaw bone necrosis and now the bisphosphonate-related necrosis of the jaw(BRONJ) is the major concern of dental practitioner. This study intended to perform the review of the current understandings concerning the pathophysiology of BRONJ. Even though pathophysiological mechanism of BRONJ is not clearly elucidated but now suggested as largely two different concepts; so-called "inside-out" or "outside-in" theory. Inside-out theory emphasize the osteonecrosis of the jaw is the initial major event and subsequent infection and inflammation is the second event that accompanies bone exposure and death of overlying mucosa. However, in "outside-in" theory, infection or inflammation initiated by traumatized oral epithelium is the major event of BRONJ. Both theory would be partially explain BRONJ. Recent research reveals the immune modulating effect and influence of microcrack accumulation by BP. These findings and those of others might explain the missing part of outside-in theory.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.275-281
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• 2018

Objectives: Isolated mandibular fractures contribute to approximately 45% of maxillofacial traumas. Improper management of mandibular fractures can cause myriad potential complications and can lead to serious functional and aesthetic sequelae. The objective of the study is to design a stepwise approach for managing isolated mandibular fractures using open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with regional anesthesia on outpatient basis. Materials and Methods: Patients with isolated mandibular fractures presenting to the department of maxillofacial surgery were selected for ORIF under regional anesthesia based on occlusion, age, socioeconomic status, general condition, habits, and allied medical ailments. Standard preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative protocols were followed. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 4 weeks up to a maximum of 1 year. Results: Of 23 patients who received regional anesthesia, all but one had good postoperative functional occlusion. One patient was hypersensitive and had difficulty tolerating the procedure. Two patients developed an extraoral draining sinus, one of whom was managed with local curettage, while the other required hardware removal. One patient, who was a chronic alcoholic, returned 1 week after treatment with deranged fracture segments after he fell while intoxicated. Conclusion: With proper case selection following a stepwise protocol, the majority of mandibular fractures requiring ORIF can be managed with regional anesthesia and yield minimal to no complications.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.24.1-24.11
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• 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and clinical performance of class 1 composite restorations restored with the Filtek Bulk Fill composite material using either the bulk fill technique or the incremental technique at baseline (1 week) and at 3, 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Materials and Methods: Forty-two patients with at least 2 carious teeth were selected. Following randomization, one tooth was restored with the Filtek Bulk Fill composite using the incremental fill technique, and the other tooth was restored with the same material using the bulk fill technique. Patients were recalled for follow-up at baseline (1 week) and 3, 6, and 12 months and evaluated using the FDI criteria. Results: The data were analyzed using the McNemar χ² test. No statistically significant differences were found between the scores of teeth restored with either technique. At baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up; there were no significant difference in the clinical status of both groups of restorations. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, using the bulk fill technique for restorations with the Filtek Bulk Fill material seems to be equally efficient to using the incremental fill technique.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.689-695
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to examine the image for dental hygienists and career consideration in academic high school students. A self-reported questionnaire was surveyed by 199 high school students in Gwangju. The questionnaire composed subject's general characteristics, image for dental hygienists, career consideration. The data were analyzed for independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test, one-way ANOVA or Kruskal wallis test and pearson's correlation coefficient by using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 21.0 program. The average of total image was 3.36, personal images were 3.64, occupational images were 3.47, business images were 3.42, social images were 2.83 in the five-point scale. The image of dental hygienists was higher significantly in case of having a dental practitioner in the family, treatment experience less than 1 year, and treatment in dental hospital. The participants who considered to be dental hygienist were higher significantly in occupational and social images. There were positive correlations among the personal, occupational, business, social images of dental hygienists. These results showed that general images for dental hygienists were slightly positive but among them, social image was the lowest level. It showed that most students didn't consider to be dental hygienist. Therefore, we suggested to enhance positive recognition for dental hygienists be needed.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.18-23
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• 2009

Introduction : The purposes of this study were to analyze the differences between the anterior and posterior overjets using bracket slot points, and compare two methods of overjet calculation according to different reference points using clinical bracket points on three-dimensional digital models. Methods : A total of 35 normal occlusion models were scanned using a three-dimensional scanner (Orapix$^{(R)}$, Orapix Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea) and then, virtual brackets (0.022" Slot MBT preadjusted brackets, 3 M Co.CA. USA) were placed on the digital models using virtual setup program (3Txer$^{(R)}$ ver. 1.9.6, Orapix co., Ltd). Archwire-like curves were designed to analyze labial and buccal overjet. Results : There were no statistically significance differences between the right and left overjet and between genders. The average overjet was found to be $1.67{\pm}0.85mm$ at the central incisor area, $2.16{\pm}0.88mm$ at the second premolar and $1.53{\pm}0.71mm$ at the first molar. Conclusion : It is recommended that overjet of individualized upper and lower arch to be 2.0mm at the anterior and posterior teeth.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2014

Many therapeutic modalities including continuous positive airway pressure, surgery, and oral appliances are used to treat patients with sleep-disordered breathing. However, there are no definitive treatment modalities for individual patients due to various causes of sleep-disordered breathing. Clinicians should have select best options for individual patients and it is quite challenging process. Oral appliances attracted clinical attention for its convenience and safety. Several designs of oral appliances are introduces such as soft palate lifter, tongue retaining device, and various appliances which aimed to mandibular advancement. Among these oral appliances, mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are considered the most excellent based on their effectiveness and patient tolerance. Although MADs are not guarantee dramatic outcome and less consistent than continuous positive airway pressure, they offer several advantages over continuous positive airway pressure and surgical methods, including non-invasiveness, silence, portability, and tolerability, simplicity. Therefore, general dental practitioner who had passed sleep dental curriculum or coursework can treat the patients with sleep problems. This article reviews the history, clinical indications, suggested mechanism of actions, various positive effects and several side effects, factors predicting a favorable outcome, determining amounts of mandibular advancement, compliance and long-term efficacy of MADs use.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 2024

Objective: Lingual fixed retainers, made from 0.0175-inch 3-strand twisted stainless steel wire (TW) and 0.016 × 0.022-inch straight rectangular wire (RW), are generally used in clinical practice. This study aimed to calculate their accuracy by comparing the discrepancy between computer-aided customized retainers made from these two types of wires. Methods: Eleven orthodontic patients were selected, resulting in 22 maxillary and mandibular three-dimensional printing dental models. Two types of lingual fixed retainers were bonded from canine to canine. To determine the accuracy, five points were chosen for each model, resulting in 110 selected points. The absolute values of the distances on the x-, y-, and z-axes were measured to compare the accuracy of the two types of computer-aided retainers. Results: The accuracy of the two types of retainers did not differ significantly in the x- and z-axes, but only in the y-axis (P < 0.01), where RW-fixed retainers exhibited a slightly but significantly increased distance compared to the TW. Conclusions: Both types of retainers showed high accuracy; however, RW had a slight but statistically significant difference along the y-axis compared with TW. This type of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing bending machine is limited to two dimensions, and the dental arch is curved. Therefore, RW may require slight manual adjustment by the practitioner after manufacturing.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.453-458
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• 2003

Usually Mylar strip and wedge or celluloid strip crown were used in conventional method of restoring proximal carious lesions of primary anterior teeth. But, these methods have some difficulties to place the matrix and wedge due to short crown lenth and interdental spacing of primary teeth. And it is difficult to form proper cavosurface margin due to the rigidity of matrix and inconvenience to support matrix by practitioner's hand in narrow oral cavity of child. This article describes an alternative technique for restoring carious lesions of primary anterior teeth using available straw. This method is very convenient and reduce chair time and it also allows good marginal adaptation.