• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.805-812
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• 1997

Despite dentistry's attempts to improve the dental health of the public and to minimize the effects of caries, many children still present with extensive destruction of primary anterior teeth. One of dentistry's most challenging tasks is to repair these teeth with restoration which are durable, retentive, and esthetic. Esthetic restoration can often be achieved with polycarbonate crowns, strip crowns, conventional S-S crowns, open-faced S-S crowns, commercially veneered S-S crowns. But, all of these have limitation. Advances in restorative materials and metal-bonding procedures have made possible new restorative techniques that combine the advantages of S-S crowns with the cosmetics of composite restoration methods. The described technique of bonding composite to trimmed and fitted S-S crowns offers many advantages over other techniques currently used to restore primary anterior teeth. 1. If S-S crowns are accurate trimmed and contoured, good retention of crowns is achieved. 2. The patient time required is similar to that of conventional S-S crowns. 3. Good esthetics and high bond strengths are achieved. 4. It is possible to use this veneering technique intraorally on crowns that have fractured veneers.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.366-374
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• 2000

FRC/ceromer system provides the clinician with a durable, flexible, and esthetic alternative to conventional porcelain fused to metal crowns. FRC is the matrix which is silica-coated and embedded in a resin matrix. The ceromer material which is a second generation indirect composite resin contains silanized, microhybrid inorganic fillers embedded in a light-curing organic matrix. FRC/ceromer restoration has a several advantages: better shock absorption, less wear of occluding teeth, translucency, color stability, bonding ability to dental hard tissues, and resiliency. It has versatility of use including inlay, onlay, single crown, and esthetic veneers. With adhesive technique, it can be used for single tooth replacement in forms of inlay adhesion bridge. In single tooth missing case, conventional PFM bridge has been used for esthetic restoration. However, this restoration has several disadvantages such as high cost, potential framework distortion during fabrication, and difficulty in repairing fractures. Inlay adhesion bridge with FRC/ceromer would be a good alternative treatment plan. This article describes a cases restored with Targis/Vectris inlay adhesion bridge. Tooth preparation guide, fabrication procedure, and cementation procedure of this system will be dealt. The strength/weakness of this restoration will be mentioned, also. If it has been used appropriately in carefully selected case, it can satisfy not only dentist's demand of sparing dental hard tissue but also patient's desire of seeking a esthetic restorations with a natural appearance.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

With the understanding of tooth crown biomechanics and the progress of dentin adhesives, bonded porcelain restorations including a porcelain laminate veneer present an extended spectrum of indications for anterior teeth. Porcelain laminate veneer as a restoration offers the conservative solution that balances the functional and esthetic needs of the anterior dentition. Porcelain's stiffness, its surface characteristics, and the biomechanical strength achieved through bonding to tooth surface enable the restoration of the tooth as a whole supporting occlusal force and masticatory function. Namely, the optical effects inherent in the tooth and the lifelike features of the porcelain make that this restoration approaches the ultimate in esthetic satisfaction for both the dentist and the patient. A 49-year-old female patient with the incisal discoloration of upper central incisors and black triangle between the central incisors was referred to correct her esthetic problems with prosthodontic approach. The patient was satisfied with two porcelain laminate veneers that were made according to prof. Magne and Belser's recommendation.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2006

Due to high esthetic demands from patients, we are driven to fabricate natural-looking(form and color) restorations. In the past decade, the glass-ceramic in dentistry has been used as a material with variable crystals that affects the appearance, characteristics, and mechanical properties of metal-free fixed restoration. The conventional IPS Empress glass-ceramic is a heat-pressed, leucite reinforced material using the "lost wax" principle. This glass-ceramic has been successfully used for esthetic restorations such as all-ceramic crowns, inlays/onlays, and veneers for about 15 years. This article presents that the form and surface texture of clinical crown are duplicated by IPS-Empress system using "lost-wax technique".

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2020

Prosthodontic decision and management should be considered the patient's aesthetic need for anterior teeth in maxillary edentulism. This case report describes 10-year clinical outcome of a maxillary edentulous patient was rehabilitated by means of an implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis (ISFDP) for the anterior region and a distal-extension removable partial denture (RPD) for the posterior region. The ISFDP was designed to splint 4 endosseous implants as one unit and engaged by the RPD. The edentulous mandible was restored by means of an implant-supported overdenture. Over the course, no major adverse event occurred other than wear, discoloration, and breakage of resin veneers and artificial teeth.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2010

Purpose: This study focused on achieving desired shades by combining zirconia core with different thickness porcelain in order to make dental prostheses effectively. Methods: White and colored $LAVA^{TM}$ All Ceramic (3M-ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), and Zirkonzahn (Bruneck, Italy) Trans and prettau were used to have Zirconia. LAVATM Ceram (3M-ESPE, Germany) and ICE (Zirkonzahn, Italy) powder were used to have the porcelain. We made quadrilateral specimen of thickness 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm and diameter 10 to use zirconia ceramics system of 2 kinds that color tone reappearance way is different and produced total 120 specimens to 4 experimental groups. We used Spectrophotometer to analyze color tone. Data's value getting by dispersal colorimetry period found L*, a*, b* value using Excel program. We used one-way ANOVA to use SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results: All L*, a*, b* indexes of zirconia core and porcelain veneer in LAVA group and Zirkonzahn group were different. When you combine the white zirconia core of LAVA group with a porcelain veneer, the thickness of the porcelain must be more than 0.5mm to meet the standard target. When all the colored zirconia cores of LAVA group were combined with porcelain veneers, there was no significant difference from the standard target. When the zirconia cores of Zirkonzahn group are combined with porcelain veneers, the thinner thicknesses were closer to the standard tab than thicker thicknesses; however, there was a significant difference in all combinations, with Delta E* value indicating more than 3. Conclusion: When it comes to colored zirconia, which is the most popular, the thicknesses of both a core and a dentin veneer must be more than 0.3mm to get an appropriate shade. There is more possibility to get desirable shades when the thicknesses of a white core are thinner; however, they would be vulnerable to the environment and lose their color. When combine a zirconia core with a dentin veneer, using Zirkonzahn group needs more considerations in order to meet the standard target.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 1996

In nowdays many dental CAD/CAM system were developed. Among those only Cerec and Celay were used globally as clinical application. Celay is a machinable ceramic system that is capable of milling inlays, onlays, and veneers from prefabricated industrial ceramic blocks(Vita Celay Blanks). The advatages of Celay are to simplify the manufactures and to save the processing time. For esthetics In-Ceram Alumina bridges were introduced into maxillary anterior restoration. They have a high strength, a high translucency and an excellent marginal adapation. But the laboratory processes are very difficult and complicated. So the construction of In-Ceram Alumina bridge combined with celay system was desgined. The patient is a 28 year old age male. The chief complain is missing of maxillary left central incisor. He wants to restore anterior bridge for esthetically. The Alumina bridge framework was constructed easily by celay system. Glass ilfiltration was occurred. After that, vitadura-${\alpha}$porcelain build up was occurred by conventional method. The translucency of In-Ceram Alumina 3 unit bridge revealed to be superior to that of porcelain fused to metal bridge. So we report it with clincal case and literature reviews.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2020

In recent years, as a burden on tooth preparationduring the processing the laminate veneer treatments to enhance aesthetics, the interests and demands for non-prep laminate veneers are increasing which do not require teeth preparation. Although there are clear limitationsbecause the restorations are fabricated without tooth preparation, there is a clear advantage of non-invasivehealthy teeth. When manufacturing a non-prep laminate veneer, an effective design should be selected according to the aesthetic requirements and intraoral condition because the margin of restorationsshould be determined on the natural tooth surface that isnot prepared. In this article, I would like to presentthe three different designsaccording to the range which teeth are covered, and the advantages and disadvantages of them. Non-prep laminate veneer introduced in this article was fabricated using Lithium disilicate press ingot.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.308-315
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to colorimetrically evaluate the masking effect of different opacity of ingots on the final shade of IPS Empress Esthetic$^{(R)}$ laminate veneer restorations using the CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ system. Materials and methods: Six porcelain disks of IPS Empress Esthetic$^{(R)}$ system (translucency: E 01, E 03, E 0C-1, E TC-1, E TC-2, E TC-3) were fabricated with 7 mm in diameter and 0.6 mm in thickness. Six extracted human incisors (shade: A1, A3, A4, B2, B3, C3) were used as the abutment specimens. The incisors were prepared using a diamond wheel and made with a flat labial surface on the middle 1/3. For each combination of different shades of abutments and copings, the change in color was measured with a colorimeter. CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ coordinates were recorded for each specimen. Color differences (${\Delta}E$) were calculated. Descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: ${\Delta}E$ values were significantly affected by coping translucency and abutment shade (P<.05). The color differences (${\Delta}E$) of laminate veneers among abutments with A3, B3, C3, and A4 shade were mostly below 2.7 which was within the clinically acceptable range, while color differences between A4 and B2, A3 and B2, and A1 and A4 showed more than 2.7. Conclusion: The final color of IPS Empress Esthetic$^{(R)}$ laminate veneers were significantly influenced by translucency of the coping and shade of abutment teeth. The large value difference of abutment teeth limited the masking ability by laminate veneers.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2020

The prosthesis of the implant installed in inappropriate positions presents aesthetic and functional problems. If the implants are placed in the wrong position, re-implantation is often limited. There are surgical and non-surgical methods for resolving complications without re-implantation. The surgical costs, healing time, discomfort and unpredictability make this choice unpopular. On the other hand, a gingival mask has the advantage of solving complications quickly and simply. The patient was a 80-year-old male with palatally installed implant in maxillary anterior region and dissatisfied with his unesthetic philtrum and food impaction between the upper lip and the prosthesis. It was difficult to predict the prognosis of surgical operation, and the patient wanted treatment economically and physically burdenless because of his age and financial situation. Thus, the gingival mask was planned and the results were satisfactory.