• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.275-301
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• 2020

We analyze state-level matching efficiencies in the Indian labor market using stochastic frontier analysis. The key contribution of this research is the estimation of matching efficiencies at the state level because these can be used for a state-level measure of labor market conditions. Next, we explore the relationship between the estimated matching efficiencies and population density, labor market flexibility, and the Ease of Doing Business index, respectively. The results show that matching efficiency is heterogeneous across states with considerable variation in accordance with the regional diversity in India. However, we find that there is little relationship between the estimated matching efficiencies and the labor market conditions of interest, suggesting that other regional diversity affects matching efficiencies across states in India.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2018

5 nm-thick $SiO_2$ layers formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) are densified to improve the electrical and interface properties by using nitric acid oxidation of Si (NAOS) method at a low temperature of $121^{\circ}C$. The physical and electrical properties are clearly investigated according to NAOS times and post-metallization annealing (PMA) at $250^{\circ}C$ for 10 min in 5 vol% hydrogen atmosphere. The leakage current density is significantly decreased about three orders of magnitude from $3.110{\times}10^{-5}A/cm^2$ after NAOS 5 hours with PMA treatment, although the $SiO_2$ layers are not changed. These dramatically decreases of leakage current density are resulted from improvement of the interface properties. Concentration of suboxide species ($Si^{1+}$, $Si^{2+}$ and $Si^{3+}$) in $SiO_x$ transition layers as well as the interface state density ($D_{it}$) in $SiO_2/Si$ interface region are critically decreased about 1/3 and one order of magnitude, respectively. The decrease in leakage current density is attributed to improvement of interface properties though chemical method of NAOS with PMA treatment which can perform the oxidation and remove the OH species and dangling bond.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1998

The molecular geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of biphenyl in the ground and the first excited triplet states have been calculated using the Hartree-Fock and Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) density functional methods with 6-31G* basis set. Structural change occurs from a twisted benzene-like to a planar quinone-like form upon the excitation to the first excited state. Scaled harmonic vibrational frequencies for the ground state obtained from the B3LYP calculation show good agreement with the available experimental data. A few vibrational fundamentals for both states are newly assigned based on the B3LYP results.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.648-656
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• 2019

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of reduced energy density of close-up diets on metabolites, lipolysis and gluconeogenesis in cows during the transition period. Methods: Thirty-nine Holstein dry cows were blocked and assigned randomly to three groups, fed a high energy density diet (HD, 1.62 Mcal of net energy for lactation $[NE_L]/kg$ dry matter [DM]), a medium energy density diet (MD, $1.47Mcal\;NE_L/kg\;DM$), or a low energy density diet (LD, $1.30Mcal\;NE_L/kg\;DM$) prepartum; they were fed the same lactation diet to 28 days in milk (DIM). All the cows were housed in a free-stall barn and fed ad libitum. Results: The reduced energy density diets decreased the blood insulin concentration and increased nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration in the prepartum period (p<0.05). They also increased the concentrations of glucose, insulin and glucagon, and decreased the concentrations of NEFA and ${\beta}-hydroxybutyrate$ during the first 2 weeks of lactation (p<0.05). The plasma urea nitrogen concentration of both prepartum and postpartum was not affected by dietary energy density (p>0.05). The dietary energy density had no effect on mRNA abundance of insulin receptors, leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated $receptor-{\gamma}$ in adipose tissue, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated $receptor-{\alpha}$ in liver during the transition period (p>0.05). The HD cows had higher mRNA abundance of hormone-sensitive lipase at 3 DIM compared with the MD cows and LD cows (p = 0.001). The mRNA abundance of hepatic pyruvate carboxy-kinase at 3 DIM tended to be increased by the reduced energy density of the close-up diets (p = 0.08). Conclusion: The reduced energy density diet prepartum was effective in controlling adipose tissue mobilization and improving the capacity of hepatic gluconeogenesis postpartum.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.268-269
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• 2006

The estimation of applicability $SrTiO_3:Pr^{3+}$, Al to a class low-voltage flat-panel displays based on field emission effect, which have average value anode voltage $U_a=300V$ and current density $j=100\;mA/sm^2$ at duty 240, has given positive result. In the same time observably for the most effective sample in similar conditions of excitation high brightness - more than $500\;Kd/m^2$ and linear brightness dependences from current density and voltage allows to decrease greatly the power which consumed by the device.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary coconut oil as a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) source on performance, carcass composition and serum lipids in male broilers. A total of 540, one-day-old, male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments with each treatment being applied to 6 replicates of 18 chicks. The basal diet (i.e., R0) was based on corn and soybean meal and was supplemented with 1.5% soybean oil during the starter phase (d 0 to 21) and 3.0% soybean oil during the grower phase (d 22 to 42). Four experimental diets were formulated by replacing 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the soybean oil with coconut oil (i.e., R25, R50, R75, and R100). Soybean oil and coconut oil were used as sources of long-chain fatty acid and MCFA, respectively. The feeding trial showed that dietary coconut oil had no effect on weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion. On d 42, serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were linearly decreased as the coconut oil level increased (p<0.01). Lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and total lipase activities were linearly increased as the coconut oil level increased (p<0.01). Abdominal fat weight/eviscerated weight (p = 0.05), intermuscular fat width (p<0.01) and subcutaneous fat thickness (p<0.01) showed a significant quadratic relationship, with the lowest value at R75. These results indicated that replacement of 75% of the soybean oil in diets with coconut oil is the optimum level to reduce fat deposition and favorably affect lipid profiles without impairing performance in broilers.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.711-716
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• 2003

본 논문은 연속밀도 은닉마코프모델에서 각 상태별 혼합성분 개수를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 지금까지의 대부분의 연구가 연속밀도 은닉마코프모델에서 화자의 스펙트럼 특성에 상관없이 각 상태별 동일한 혼합성분 개수를 적용하였다. 이런 접근방법은 많은 계산량을 요구할 뿐만 아니라, 각 상태의 특성을 무시하고 있기 때문에 각 상태별 음성신호의 정확한 모델링을 할 수 없다. 따라서 본 논문에서 제안한 연속밀도 은닉마코프모델의 파라미터 추정은 각 상태별 혼합성분에 대한 발생 확률값에 따라서 결정하였다. 또한 혼합성분의 개수를 줄이는 과정에서 신호의 상관성을 줄이고 시스템의 전체적인 안정성을 얻기 위해서 주성분 분석을 이용하였다. 제안한 방법은 기존의 은닉마코프모델에 비해서 평균 10% 작은 혼합성분 개수를 이용했을 때를 기준으로 실험하였다. 실험결과에서 혼합성분 결정만을 적용했을 때 거의 비슷한 성능을 얻을 수 있었다. 그리고 주성분 분석을 이용했을 때, 특정벡터가 16 차일 때 평균 0.35%의 성능감소가 일어났지만, 25 차에서는 평균 0.65%의 성능개선을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2005

This paper describes the development and testing results of a high density High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS) that drives microwave Traveling Wave Tubes (TWTs) of phased array transmitters for airborne EW systems. The HVPS is designed to consist of a number of modules connected in series. Among them, especially, the high-density pulse transformer module including the resonant circuit is newly designed to make the HVPS much more reliable. In addition, this paper describes the development of high voltage solid-state modulation using fast switching devices (FETs) and also represents the test results of a modulator module.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
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• 제3회(2014년)
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• pp.430-433
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• 2014

Perovskite 구조를 가진 코발트 산화물 $SrCoO_3$와 Brownmillerite 구조인 $SrCoO_{2.5}$의 electronic structure를 제1원리 계산을 통해 분석하였다. 이들의 magnetic structure를 계산하여 실험을 통해 알려진 값과 비교하였고, 각 구조에서 코발트 이온이 갖는 spin state를 확인할 수 있었다. 코발트 이온은 $SrCoO_3$에서 intermediate spin state(IS)를, $SrCoO_{2.5}$에서는 high spin state(HS)를 갖는데 이것이 lattice constant의 차이에 의한 것인지, 아니라면 차이의 원인은 무엇인지 density of state를 분석함으로써 알아보았다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2019

${\pi}$-공액계 분자에 대해, density functional theory (DFT) 방법에 기반한 일반적인 삼중항 구조 최적화 방법들, 즉, 시간 의존적 DFT (TD-DFT), Tamm-Dancoff 근사법에 기반한 TD-DFT (TDA-DFT), 그리고 스핀-비제한 DFT (UDFT)에 대한 점검을 수행하였다. 모델 분자로서 1,2,3,4,5-pentacyano-6-phenyl-benzene가 이용되었고, 6-31G(d) 기저 함수와 더불어 여기 상태 계산에 최근 자주 사용되는 에너지 차 조정 영역 분리 functional인 ${\omega}B97X$ functional이 사용되었다. 계산 결과 평형 구조 근처에서, UDFT 최적화된 구조는 TD-DFT 및 TDA-DFT 계산 구조와는 다른 차이점을 보인다. 즉, 보다 안정한 바닥 상태 에너지와 보다 높은 삼중항 여기 에너지가 UDFT 최적화 구조에서 보인다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 차이에 대해 보다 자세히 토의된다.