• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2000.02a
• /
• pp.183-183
• /
• 2000

Aigrain에 의해 Helicon이라는 이름이 명명된 이후, helicon은 저온의 금속과 같은 높은 전도도(conductivity)를 갖는 매질이나 강한 자기장이 걸려있는 plasma를 전파해 나가는 저주파 전자기장을 지칭해왔다. 이온화된 개스에서 이러한 전자기장은 전자 공명 주파수(electron cyclotron frequency)와 이온 공명 주파수(ion cyclotron frequency) 사이의 주파수로 전파하며 전리층 (ionosphere)을 통과하며 발생하는 가청 주파수 영역대의 음조가 강하하는 현상에 의해 low-frequency whistler라고도 불린다. Helicon wave plasma는 Boswell에 의해 처음 발생된 후, 높은 이온화율(~100%)로 인해 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 1985년에 Chen은 helicon plasma의 높은 이온화율을 설명하기 위해 Landaudamping을 제시하였다. 이러한 설명은 1997년에 Shamrai에 의해 TG mode가 도입되기 전까지 직접적인 실험결과 없이 helicon plasma 발생의 mechanism으로 받아들여졌다. shamrai의 이론에 의하면 정전기파(electrostatic wave)는 plasma의 표면(surface)에서 강하게 감쇄되어 energy를 전달하게 된다. Cho는 radial density 분포가 외각보다 중심이 높을 경우 TG wave의 power 전달이 중심에서 일어날 수 있음을 계산하였다. Helicon plasma의 특성은 높은 이온화율에 의한 높은 밀도($\geq$1012cm3), 1-2 kW의 rf power에서 상대적으로 낮은 전자 온도( 4eV), $\omega$ci $\omega$LH<$\omega$ $\omega$ce $\omega$pe 영역대의 주파수, 자기장 50-1200 Gauss, 압력 1-10 mTorr로 특정지을 수 있다. 이러한 외부분수들의 조건에 k라 helicon plasma는 여러 종류의 mode로 존재한다. Degeling은 이러한 mode의 변화를 capacitive mode, inductive mode, 그리고 helicon mode(wave mode)의 세가지 부분으로 구분하였다. Helicon plasma가 갖는 높은 이온화율은 여러 가지 응용으로의 가능성을 가지고 있다. 그 예로 plasma processing, plasma wave에 의한 입자 가속, 그리고 가스 레이저 활성 매질 발생 등이 있다. 특히 plasma processing의 경우 helicon plasma는 높은 밀도, 비교적 낮은 자기장, remote operation 등이 가능하다는 점에서 현재 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 상업용으로도 PMT와 Lucas Signatone Corp.에 서 helicon source가 제작되었다. 또한 높은 해리율을 이용하여 저유전 물질인 SiOF의 증착에서 적용되고 있다. 이 외에도 다수의 연구결과들이 발표되었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.7
• /
• pp.1807-1816
• /
• 1998

The interference probability between non-geostationary-statellite orbit mobile station is calculated when the two systems are sharing the frquency band below 1 GHz. The probability density function of a mobile earth station(MES) is calculated based on the established propagation model and then, a probability of exceeding the threshold level is derived. By changing the average transimission per unit time of total MSS(Moblie satellite service) area and the ratio of transmitters for specific area, we obtain the average transmission per unit time for the area under consideration. From this, the exceedance probability for the given pfd threshold level is evaluated. The exceedance probability is increased as the average transmissio per unit time and ratio become larger. Also the effect of filter isolation between channels is accounted for.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2018

In this paper, the computer simulations are carried out by using the peridynamic theory model with various conditions including quasi-static loads, dynamic loads and crack propagation, branching crack pattern and isotropic materials, orthotropic materials. Three examples, a plate with a hole under quasi-static loading, a plate with a pre-existing crack under dynamic loading and a lamina with a pre-existing crack under quasi-static loading are analyzed by computational simulations. In order to simulate the quasi-static load, an adaptive dynamic relaxation technique is used. In the orthotropic material analysis, a homogenization method is used considering the strain energy density ratio between the classical continuum mechanics and the peridynamic. As a result, crack propagation and branching cracks are observed successfully and the direction and initiation of the crack are also captured within the peridynamic modeling. In case of applying peridynamic used homogenization method to a relatively complicated orthotropic material, it is also verified by comparing with experimental results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.450-461
• /
• 1998

The spatial distribution of multipath fading using miniaturized experimental setup was analyzed. The spatial Fourier transform was carried out for the analysis of the period of fading and we could find out spatial frequency component of fading. Thus the analysis using this method shows the validity of miniaturized experimental setup. The miniaturized experimental setup was made by 5 times reducing of the real size. The simulation was performed at 2 GHz and the measurement was carried out at 10 GHz. Automatic antenna moving system was made for exact measurement of the multipath fading. Both simulated and measured results in miniaturized experimental setup were shown by electric field distribution and spatial frequency density distribution curves.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.578-588
• /
• 1998

In this paper, we analyzed the propagation characteristics of polarization diversity in the view of diversity gain, cross correlation coefficient and average received signal strength, and compared it with those of space diversity. From the results, we could confirm that in the care of line of sight(LOS), space diversity gain is bigger than polarization diversity gain by 2 dB and the diversity gain of mobile transmitting with 90 degree is bigger than that of mobile transmitting with 45 degree by 1 dB. However, in the area of non-line of sight(NLOS), the diversity gains were all most the same in two diversity schemes and in specular cases, polarization diversity showed better performances. Also it was verified that under the NLOS conditions, diversity gain of mobile transmitting with 45 degree was at least 1 dB bigger than that of mobile transmitting with 90 degree.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 2003

Laboratory model blast and in-situ rock blast tests were conducted to determine blast-induced stress wave propagation characteristics under different explosive types, different loading conditions and different mediums. Dynamic numerical approaches were conducted under the same conditions as experimental tests. Stress magnitudes at mid-point between two blast holes which were detonated simultaneously increased up to two times those of single hole detonation. The rise time of maximum stress in a decoupled charge condition was delayed two times that of a fully charged condition. Dynamic numerical analysis showed almost similar results to blast test results, which verifies the effectiveness of numerical approaches fur optimizing the tunnel blast design. Dynamic numerical analysis was executed to evaluate rock behavior and damage of the contour hole, the sloping hole adjacent to the contour hole in the road tunnel blasting pattern. The rock damage zone of the sloping hole from the numerical analysis was larger than that of the contour hole. Damage in the sloping hole can be reduced by using lower density explosive, by applying decoupled charge, or by increasing distance between the sloping hole and the contour hole.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.646-651
• /
• 2012

This paper is about the experiment which is throughput of WLANs based on 802.11 due to interference each other. Recently, WLAN has been increased due to generalization of smart-phone and potable notebook. Therefore, the decrease of throughput because of interference between WLANs is expected. In regard of this, the throughput of WLANs according to channelling is measured in order to figure out efficient channelling and the throughput of WLANs according to the number of AP was measured in order to get relation between number of AP and throughput. Then, more efficient channelling of 1, 5, 9, 13 is suggested and the throughput of WLAN is decreased as increasing of number of AP.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.3-14
• /
• 2002

We analyzed hydrologic time-series data obtained from a fractured aquifer in Wonju and a porous shallow aquifer in Uiwang area. Auto-correlation, spectral density, and cross-correlation functions were used for the analyses. Water level at a shallow well in Wonju was weakly auto-correlated and it was sensitive to direct infiltration from rainfall through soil zone while that at a well screened in the fractured zone showed a relative stability to an outer stress (rainfall), which was derived from a delayed transmission of recharge stress through a fracture network from a remote area. Characteristics of time-series data in Uiwang area were similar to those in the fractured zone in Wonju. This was caused by a regional recharge from a distant area rather than a direct infiltration. This study demonstrated a usefulness of time series analyses for identification of recharge mechanism.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.330-335
• /
• 2013

It is expected that the vehicle safety systems using vehicle-to-vehicle communication can reduce the possibility of vehicle collision and prevent the chain crash by promptly delivering the status of neighboring vehicles. Many IEEE 802.11 DCF based Flooding schemes have been proposed, but they may generally expose the problems that the chances of a chain-collision reaction are sharply increased as the vehicle density has increased. Therefore, this paper proposes the chain-collision prevention scheme using a broadcasting-based adaptive report. The proposed method can adaptively allocate the preoccupancy right based on a quantitative priority order and then promptly deliver the warning messages in neighboring areas. Moreover, it is shown from simulation that the proposed scheme provides the performance gains over the existing Flooding based scheme.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.705-712
• /
• 2022

A sudden pressure drop caused by the pressure relief valve acts as a strong noise source and propagates the compressible pressure fluctuation along the pipe wall, which becomes a excitation source of Acoustic Induced Vibration (AIV). Therefore, in this study, the numerical methodology is developed to evaluate the reduction effect of compressible pressure fluctuation due to curved pipe in the pressure relief valve system. To describe the acoustic wave caused by density fluctuation, unsteady compressible Large Eddy Simulation (LES) technique, which is high accuracy numerical method, Smagorinsky-Lilly subgrid scale model is applied. Wavenumber-frequency analysis is performed to extract the compressible pressure fluctuation component, which is propagated along the pipe, from the flow field, and it is based on the wall pressure on the upstream and downstream pipe from the curved pipe. It is shown that the plane wave and the 1st mode component in radial direction are dominant along the downstream direction, and the overall acoustic power was reduced by 3 dB through the curved pipe. From these results, the noise reduction effect caused by curved pipe is confirmed.