• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted at a request for cooperation through an analysis of the effect of toothbrushing facilities at a public health center in Seongdong-gu. Also, with the aim of furnishing basic data to the proposal of a program for improving the ability of school aged children in managing oral cavities and developing a correct toothbrushing habit, the study conducted an investigation of how toothbrushing facilities affect change in the oral environment management ability and behavior of oral health care. Methods: From among elementary schools located in Seongdong-gu, Seoul the study selected A Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities were established and have been operated since 2008, B Elementary School in an adjacent region within the jurisdiction of Seongdong-gu where the demographic environment was similar among schools where toothbrushing facilities were newly established in 2012, and C Elementary School without toothbrushing facilities. Then the study was aimed at first grade students of the schools and an investigation was carried out from April to December 2012. Through a dental checkup, the study evaluated the teeth and periodontal health conditions, and a test of the oral environment management ability was undertaken three times. Regarding change of oral health care behavior, the study carried out a self-recording survey. Results: 1. Concerning decayed and filled tooth(dft) and decayed and filled surface (dfs), A Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities have been established and operated from the past showed a relatively lower decayed, missing, and filled teeth index than B Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities were established in 2012 or C Elementary School without toothbrushing facilities; however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). For CPI, there was no significant difference by school; however, in looking into the difference between boy students and girl students, Code (0) was discovered higher in boy students whereas Code (1) was shown higher in girl students. 2. In the PHP index test in accordance with the existence of toothbrushing facilities before the installation of toothbrushing facilities, for A Elementary School where toothbrushing facilities have been established and operated from the past, the school recorded 4.28 points whereas B Elementary School where the facilities were established in 2012 recorded 3.51 points. Meanwhile C Elementary School without the facilities posted 4.30 points. Therefore there was a statistically significant difference according to the existence of toothbrushing facilities (p<0.05). 3. In a comparison of teeth health care behavior according to the existence of toothbrushing facilities, the number of answers that the respondent did not brush their teeth after lunch over the past one week was higher in B Elementary School and C Elementary School where there were no toothbrushing facilities. Regarding the average number of brushing after lunch for one week, it was discovered higher in A Elementary School (p<0.01). 4. In change of teeth health care behavior before and after the establishment of toothbrushing facilities, the case of answering that the respondents did not brush their teeth after lunch for one week increased more after establishment than before establishment. Also the average number of teeth brushings after lunch for one week decreased further after the establishment of toothbrushing facilities; however, it did not show a significant difference (p>0.05). One of the reasons that they do not brush their teeth, "the lack of a place", decreased significantly after establishment than before establishment (p<0.05), whereas the answer, "because their friends do not brush their tooth" increased greatly after establishment than before establishment; however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). 5. In the comparison of the degree of knowledge about dental health according to the existence of toothbrushing facilities, the degree of knowledge about dental health was shown significantly higher in A Elementary School with toothbrushing facilities than in B Elementary School and C Elementary School where there were no toothbrushing facilities (p<0.01). Conclusions: Given the above results, it is difficult to attract change in behavior only with an environmental improvement; therefore, it is deemed necessary to develop an educational program that will help children to make a habit of oral health care not only through a school but also through a related policy and financial support of government organizations as well as the construction of the basis of a systematic and consistent cooperative system with relevant organizations.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.113-131
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• 2000

이 연구는 일개 군 지역 농촌주민을 대상으로 한 건강증진사업 접근전략 개발을 위하여 흡연, 음주 및 운동에 대한 행태를 단계별로 그 분포를 기술함으로써 향후 건강증진사업의 기획과 평가에 적용 및 효율적이고 효과적인 건강증진사업의 접근전략 개발을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 본 조사의 대상자는 옥천군의 30세 이상 주민 중 남성 384명(43.1%), 여성 508명(56.9%)이었다. 조사는 1999년 8월중 6일간 다단계 추출법으로 선정된 세대별로 구조화된 면담지를 이용한 직접 방문조사를 통하여 이루어졌다. 사용된 설문지는 사회인구학적 조사변수로는 성, 연령, 학력, 직업, 총수입, 결혼상태 등을 포함하였으며, 흡연과 음주 그리고 운동은 행동변화 6단계로 측정하였다. 흡연경력자의 흡연의 행동수정 변화 6단계의 분포는 남자인 경우, 계획전 단계에 50.6%, 계획 단계에 32.5%인데 반해 여자의 경우 계획전 단계 60.6%, 계획 단계 28.8%로 계획전 단계와 계획단계에 집중된 분포 양상이었다. 음주 경력자에서는 남자인 경우 계획전 단계가 72.8%, 계획단계 19.3%였으며, 여자의 경우 계획전 단계 80.3%, 계획단계 15.5%로 계획전 단계의 분포가 집중되어 있었다. 운동의 경우에도 남자가 계획전 단계가 80.6%, 유지단계 1.8%, 완료단계가 10.2%였으며, 여자의 경우 계획전 단계 87.6%, 유지단계 1.2%, 완료단계 5.3%로 계획전 단계에서는 여성이 더 높았으나 준비단계 이상의 긍정적인 단계에서는 남자가 더 많아 성별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 성인들에서의 건강증진의 접근전략에서 위험요인별로 각기 다른 단계별 전략이 개발되어야 함을 시사하였다. 또한 특히 흡연, 음주, 운동의 건강증진 전략은 계획전 단계가 일차적으로 목표되어야 한다. 흡연과 음주 그리고 운동의 행동수정 변화 단계간에 유의한 일치도는 없었으나 상관 분석에서는 흡연과 음주, 음주와 운동이 유의한 상관을 다변수 분석에서 운동과 음주, 운동과 흡연간에 유의한 관련성을 보였다. 따라서 행동수정의 단계적 변화론 모형의 건강행태 측정에서 그 타당도가 재확인 되어야하며, 이러한 행동수정의 단계별 변화론의 적용결과는 추후 중재연구의 전향적 추적조사를 통하여 검정되어 건강행위로의 가능한 출입구(gateway)가 밝혀져야 할 것이다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.171-187
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• 1998

In recent years, adolescent issues including smoking, drinking, drug abuse, juvenile delinquency, deviant sexual behavior, mental health problems, high suicide rate, juvenile delinquency and absence without due notice, etc are emerging as serious social problems and the debate on these controversial issues is heating up. The previous studies on adolescent health behavior and social juvenile delinquency such as run-away from home and absence without due notice have been conducted mostly by cause analysis utilizing social demographic factors or biological factors. In other words, the main factors analyzed were demographic and economic factors or parent's educational level, etc, which were the fixed environmental ones that were unable to cause the change in the health behavior. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze factors which are changeable and fixable among the factors influencing the adolescent's health behavior and misconducts and, eventually influencing factors which can be used as the basis to establish health policies and health promotion program to reduce the health risk behavior and misconducts of adolescents. The study subjects were selected by dividing senior high school student in Seoul by region and through random sampling. The 890 subjects were selected from 10 schools including the preparatory school, vocational schools and institutional schools. The duration of the study was for July 1-5, 1997 for the first survey and the second one, for August 25-September 10. Regarding the analysis method, the SAS program was used. The adoptablity of theoretical model was tested through covariance structural analysis utilizing PC-LISREL 8.12 Program. The major findings of the study are as follows: As a result of establishing the model of factors influencing health behavior and juvenile delinquency, in case of male students as the health behavior self-efficacy, education level of fathers, economic level, self-control and the health interest of parent were higher, students were more likely to practice the health promoting behavior. Juvenile delinquency and health risk behavior were prevalent among those with the less shyness, the lower health behavior self-efficacy, lower self-control, lower self-assertiveness, lower economic level. The self-control was the most powerful factor. In case of female students, those with higher health behavior self-efficacy were more likely to practice the health promoting behavior whereas those with lower health behavior self-efficacy, lower self-control, lower self- assertiveness, less shyness were more likely to practice health risk behavior and juvenile delinquency. In case of prep schools, those with higher health behavior self-efficacy and better perceived health status were more likely to practice the health promoting behavior while those with less shyness, lower health behavior self-efficacy and lower academic achievement were more likely to engage in health risk behavior and juvenile delinquency. In case of vocational schools, as health behavior self-efficacy and economic level were higher, the practice rate of health promoting behavior was higher. As the self-control, shyness, self-assertiveness, health behavior self-efficacy were lower, the rate of health risk behavior and juvenile delinquency were higher. In case of social institutional schools, as, the health behavior self-efficacy, social support and economic level, health interest of parents were higher, the rate of health promoting behavior were higher. As the self-control, shyness, self-assertiveness, health behavior self-efficacy and social support were lower, the rate of health risk behavior and juvenile delinquency were higher. So the health promoting behavior was positively related to the health behavior self-efficacy, health interest of parents, social support, education level of fathers, level of perceived health status, economic level. The health risk behavior and juvenile delinquency were higher with the lower health behavior self-efficacy, self-control and self-assertiveness, lower health locus control, less shyness and loneliness, lower economic level and academic achievement. In conclusion, the health risk behavior and juvenile delinquency can be reduced by enhancing self-control, self-assertiveness, health behavior self-efficacy and social support. According to the final model drawn by connecting health behavior and juvenile delinquency, the reduction of health risk behavior can greatly contribute to decreasing social juvenile delinquency as the process of juvenile delinquency was extended from common behaviors to problem behaviors and further into juvenile delinquency.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.112-132
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• 1975

When Korean family planning services began as a part of the National Policy in 1962, the annual population growth was 3.0%. This growth rate has been decreased to 2.0% during last ten year period. And it seems imperative that all hospitals, as well as related organizations, should participate in family planning in order to contribute to achieving the National goal of 1.5% population growth by 1976, the end of the Third Five Year Economic Development Plan. Nurses should be considered the most important human resources in charge of the core of family planning services in any setting. For the family planning services in the general hospital setting, nurses as a core members contribute much as change agent, motivators, counsellors, educators etc. A nurse can work with patients and their relatives when she is equipped with relevant knowledge and skills. Fur the more family planning cannot be ignored even in hospital setting where more comprehensive nursing care is needed Thus, the general objective of this study is to provide baseline data for better programming of In-service education in family planning so that effective hospital family planning nursing services can be made a part of comprehensive nursing care contributing to the national population program and human welfare. In order to meet the general objective, this study has the following specific objectives : 1. To find out the general characteristics of the clinical nurses working in Y Hospital 2. To evaluate their attitudes and practices of family planning 3. To assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices of population and family planning as professional nurses. 4. To examine and compare data collecting methods for the planning of an In-service Educational Program 5. To explore the contents to be included in this In-service Education Program. The study population randomly selected one hundred nurses working in Y Hospital A cross-sectional survey with questionnaires developed for this study was chosen for the study method. To collect reliable data, the questionnaires were distributed to and answered by the study population in a controlled situation. X²test and t-test was employed in analyzing the data. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. Y Hospital nurses had a lower ideal number of children (X=2.02) and showed no strong preference for male children, and 74% of them expressed the desire to use permanent methods of birth control 2. of this thirty Y Hospital nurses who were married 66.7% stated they were already practicing contraceptive methods. Most of them preferred male methods of contraception. 3. According to objective evaluation about knowledge of various aspects of population and family planning, respondents from collegiate programs significantly knew better the subjects on the average than did respondents from diploma programs of nursing. 4. There was a marked difference in the results of self-evaluation and objective evaluation in their family planning knowledge. It was found that the self-evaluation family planning knowledge seemed to be unreliable. Accordingly, the objective test methods appeared to be more reliable in the evaluation of knowledge levels. 5. The subject areas needed to be included in In-service education for the Hospital family planning services in Y Hospital are 1) rhythm methods, 2) tubal-legation, 3) family planning effects of contraceptives, 4) population growth, 5) demographic traction, 6) population structure and 7) infant mortality facts. In addition, 1) various oral contraceptives, 2) basal temperature method, 3) laparoscopic female sterilization, 4) interfering factors of family planning, 5) anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive organs were additional areas to be taught to respondents from 3-year diploma schools of nursing. Demographic transition was one subject area in which the four-year graduates need further study. 6. Population problems guidance and counselling in family planning instruction in the theory and practice of contraceptives should be included in future In-service Education Programs in order to provide more effective hospital Family Planning Services, stated 77.0% of the respondents.

• 한국인구학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-32
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• 2005

한 사회/국가의 적정인구는 '그 사회/국가의 기술, 자본, 노동 등 생산요소의 선택 가능한 경로위에서 현재와 장래의 세대에 걸쳐 사회후생수준을 극대화하는 인구경로'로 정의할 수 있다. 따라서 인구의 적정규모 또는 적정증가율은 (i)사회후생함수와 (ii)생산함수가 주어진다고 할 때 (iii)한편으로는 국민소득의 처분과정이 출산력, 교육수준, 사망력 등 인구요인과 갖는 관계, 다른 한편으로는 소득의 처분과정에 따라 달라진 인구요인이 생산함수와 연계되는 과정, 즉 인구-경제 연관관계에 따라 다르게 된다. 이 정의에 의하면 적정인구경로는 주어진 생산함수와 인구-경제 연관관계하에서 사회후생함수를 극대화하는 동태적 최적화과정으로 도출할 수 있게 된다. 이 경우 적정인구경로는 사회후생함수, 생산함순 인구-경제연관관계를 나타내는 여러 파라메타들의 함수로 나타나게 되며 이들 파라메타에 대하여 우리나라의 향후 전망치를 대입하면 우리나라의 적정인구경로가 도출될 수 있는 것이다. 본 연구는 지금까지 경제학계의 논의를 이론적 배경으로 하여 사회후생함수, 생산함수, 인구-경제연관관계를 설정하고 각 파라메타에 대한 우리나라의 실증적 전망치를 대입하여 우리나라의 적정인구경로를 추정하였다. 그 결과 우리나라의 적정인구경로는 TFR=1.81 수준인 것으로 나타났는데 편탄력도외 크기로 보았을 때 적정수준에서 TFR의 변화에 가장 민감하게 영향을 주는 변수는 육아비, 자본소득배분율, 소비율, 시간선호(할인)율, 효용의 인구탄력도의 순으로 나타났다. 그리고 적정인구에 대한 인식이 사회경제계층별로 차이가 있을 수 있는데 본 연구를 위하여 시행된 설문조사에 의하면 육아비, 시간선호(할인)율, 효용의 인구탄력도가 계층별로 큰 차이가 있음이 나타났고 이러한 차이는 우리나라의 경우 기성세대보다는 신세대, 고학력자보다는 저 학력자의 적정인구경로가 낮을 것임을 시사하고 있다.타나는 메스꺼움이 문제로 지적되었으며 저 혈당현상은 큰 문제가 되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이 약은 인슐린 대용약물이 될 수 없으며 당뇨병성 케토산증의 치료에 사용할 수 없다. 또한 이 약물은 심한 신부전이 있거나 말기신장질환 환자에게 사용해서는 안 된다.u}M$ 농도에서도 비교적 안전한 화합물로 확인되었으며, 작용기전은 MITF 단백질을 조절함으로 활성을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다.이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다. 얻었으며 두 군 사이에 임상적 결과의 차이는 없었다.건측 보다 10도의 굴곡 제한이 있었다. 결론: 자가 슬괵 건을 이용한 전방 십자 재건술 시, 경골 부의 고정 시 슬관절의 굴곡 각도 따른 슬관절의 전방 안정성에 차이는 없었으나, 신전 위에서 고정하는 것이 과도한 이식 건의 장력으로 인한 슬관절 굴곡 구축을 예방하는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.라 증가할 것으로 추정되었으며 이에 대한 연근 추출물 경구 투여가 간 조직을 보호할 수 있는지를 확인하기 위해 분리한 혈청으로부터 ALT 함량을 측정한 결과 대조군에 비하여 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 또한 연근 추출물이 혈청 내 지질 과산화물의 생성을 억제할 수 있다면 질병의 예방과 치료에 효과적일 것으로 추정할 수 있으므로 그 생성량을 측정하여 보았으나 대조군과의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과들을 종합하여 보면 스트레스가 부하된 5일 동안 연근(蓮根) 추출물을 함께 투여한 결과 혈청 corticosterone 함량을 유의하게 감소시켰고 뇌 조직내 noradrenaline 함량을 증가시키는 경향을 나타내어 스트레스 해소에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. 또한 혈청 내 ALT 함량을 유의하게 감소시켜 스트레스로 인해 발생하는 간 기능의 손상도 어느 정도 억제시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었는데 앞으로 연근(蓮根)의 이러한 작용에 대한 보다 자세한 연구들이 필요한 것으로 생각된다

• 정신신체의학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2005

목적: 2001년부터 2003년까지 3년간 동안 일 종합병원 입원 환자에 대한 정신과 자문을 조사하여 이 기간 동안의 자문 의뢰의 특성을 알아보고, 최근 변화의 추세에 대하여 조사하여 이를 바탕으로 중요성이 높아지고 있는 자문조정 정신의학의 방향이나 이 분야 연구에 대한 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본 연구는 2001년 1월 1일부터 2003년12월31일 까지 3년간 부산 메리놀병원에 입원하여 정신과 자문 의뢰된 환자들을 대상으로 하여 실시하였으며, 정신과에 보관된 자문 목록을 바탕으로 차트를 검토하여 환자들의 자문 기록과 병록 일지를 참고하였고, 그 빈도수를 백분율로 처리하였다. 결과: 1) 전체 입원 환자에 대한 최근 3년간 정신과 평균 자문율은 1.72%이었다. 2) 최근 3년간 60세 이상 환자의 자문이 47.8%였고, 특히 70세 이상 환자가 20.2% 이었다. 3) 전체 자문 의뢰 중 내과가 72.5%로 빈도가 가장 많았다. 4) 자문 의뢰가 가장 많은 달은 3월이었으며, 12월이 가장 적었다. 5) 자문 의뢰 중 정서적인 이상 증상에 의하여 의뢰하는 경우가 가장 많았으며, 그 다음이 이학적인 이상 소견이 없이 신체적인 증상을 호소하는 경우이었으나, 점진적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 약물 중독, 알콜 문제가 있는 경우 정신의학적 평가를 의뢰하는 경우는 증가하였다. 6) 자문 의뢰시 정신과적인 진단은 신체형 장애가 가장 많았으며, 우울 장애, 기질성 정신장애의 순이었다. 우울 장애와 신체형 장애, 알콜 의존의 진단은 매년 증가하는 추세이나, 불안장애, 기질성 정신장애의 진단은 감소하였다. 7) 자문 진료 후 권고 사항은 약물 치료가 가장 많았으며, 진단적인 검사를 의뢰하는 경우도 증가하였으며, 정신 치료를 권유하는 경우도 매년 증가하였다. 결론 : 본원의 정신과 자문율이 1.72%이었으며, 60세 이상의 노인 환자들이 47.8%이었으며, 이는 매년 증가하였다. 자문 의뢰의 주요 원인은 우울 등의 정서적인 이상으로 의뢰되는 경우가 가장 많았고, 내과에서 자문을 의뢰하는 경우가 가장 많았다. 자문 이후 약물 치료에 대한 권유가 가장 많았고, 그 비율이 낮기는 하였으나 정신 치료 등 정신과적인 접근을 권유하는 경우도 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.83-110
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of the problematic behavior for the demented elderly and the stress among family members, and the effects of the problematic behavior upon the stress in order to offer the basic data for the adult and the elderly health education about dementia. For this purpose, 70 families who were resident in Seoul and Inchon were surveyed by quetionnaires. This was carried out from 26 July, 1994 to 11 September, 1994. Datum was analysed by using SPSS\PC+ including percentage, mean, t - test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation. So, the results of this study were as follows: 1. In view of socia-demographic characteristics, female were 82.9%, and of the female daughters-in-law of the demented elderly were 44.9%. 40th years old were 32.9% and 88.6% wase married. The christian were 34.8%, those who graduated university 47.1%, and those who had a job 32.9%. 2. Of the demented elderly, female were 74.3%, 80 years old were 37.1%, and their average age was seventy-seven point one years old. 66.2% of the elderly has been lived alone and the christian were 27.5%. In addition, those who graduated elementary school were 66.5%. 3. Of the behavior problem for the demented elderly, Activities of the Daily Living(ADL) was the most severe problem. The 2nd was cognitive function problem, the 3th, change of personality, the 4th, emotional disturbance, and the last, misconduct behavior. 4. For the status of behavior problems, females were more severe than male, and 80th years elderly ware the most severe groups. The longer disease period was, the severe problematic behaviors were, and in 4-6 years of the disease period the status was the highest(p＜0.05). Those who diagnosed the disease had more severe problems(p＜0.001). 5. The orders of the stress among family members caring for the demented elderly in this study were as follows : 1. The deficiency of supporting network 2. Decrease of elderly's cognitive activities 3. Assistance of BADL(Basic Activities of Daily Living) 6. Elderly's abnormal behavior 5. Assistance of IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living), 6. As for the status of the stress among family members, female respondants were higher than male. On the ages, 20th years' stress score were the highest. Daughters-in-law were stressed more than other family members. The longer the time of caring per day was, the highest the status of the stress(p＜0.05), 7. Those who caring for female elderly and more than 80 years had more stressed. When the elderly was received the diagnosis, the family members were more stressed. On the disease period, 1-2 years was the highest and after 2 years the status of the stress was decreased and more than 6 years was the lowest(p＜0.05). 8. Behavior problems of the demented elderly were closely associated to the stress for family members. Of the problems, change of personality was the most related factor(r = 0.6552). The factors of Basic Activities of the Daily Living(BADL) was most correlated on assistance of Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL), emotional disturbance the assistance of IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living). Change of personality was most related to the stress of the decrease of cognitive activities and elderly's abnormal behavior. The deficiency of supporting network was most related to misconduct behavior.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.37-56
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• 2001

경상북도 구미시에 소재한 2개 남자 중학교 1학년 학생 665명(교육군 10개 학급 367명, 대조군 8개 학급 298명)을 대상으로 1999년 4월부터 2000년 4월까지 교육군과 대조군으로 구분하여 시행한 지역사회에서의 준실험설계 연구를 통하여 흡연예방과 금연을 위한 교육프로그램이 학생들의 흡연에 대한 지식과 태도를 변화시키는 정도와 흡연율에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이들 변화와 관련되 요인을 분석하는 것에 목적을 두고 시행한 본 연구의 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 교육군과 대조군의 흡연에 대한 지식점수의 변화는 교육군에서 1.31점으로 대조군의 0.13점에 비하여 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.01). 교육군의 흡연에 대한 사전조사에서의 태도점수는 13점 만점에 $9.89{\pm}2.51$점이었고, 1년 후에는 $10.16{\pm}2.32$점이었고, 대조군은 사전조사에서의 $9.86{\pm}2.64$점이었고, 1년 후에는 $9.12{\pm}3.09$점이었다. 태도점수의 변화는 교육군에서 0.27점으로 대조군의 -0.74점에 비하여 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 흡연에 때한 법적 제제에 대한 태도 중에서 담배광고 금지에 대한 교육군에서 사전조사에서 42.8%가 담배광고금지를 찬성하였으며, 주적조사에서는 54.2%가 찬성하여 유의한 변화를 보였으며(p<0.05), 교육군과 대조군의 변화를 비교하면 교육군과 대조군에서 각각 11.4%와 3.0% 포인트 변화하여 두 군간의 변화가 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 담배자판기 설치를 반대하는 비율은 교육군에서는 4.6% 포인트 상승하였고, 대조군에서 각각 -11.1%감소하여 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 성인이 되어 흡연을 할 의향이 있는 흡연 의도율은 교육군이 사전조사와 추적조사에서 각각 24.3%와 24.8%로 거의 변화가 없었고, 대조군은 26.5%와 32.2%로 5.7% 포인트 증가하였다. 교육군에서 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 친구의 흡연 권고를 거절할 수 있다는 비율은 교육군에서 사전조사와 추적조사에서 각각 90.2%와 88.3%로 1.9% 포인트 감소한 반면, 대조군에서는 사전조사와 추적조사에서 각각 86.39와 76.2%로 10.7% 포인트 감소하여 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.01). 교육군과 대조군간에도 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 흡연율은 교육군과 대조군에서 각각 1.6%와 1.7%에서 1년 후 2.7%와 3.0%였으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 흡연량은 교육군에서는 $3.7{\pm}8.2$개피에서 $1.4{\pm}2.5$개피로 일일 평균 흡연량이 2.3개피 감소하여 유의하게 감소하였고(p<0.05), 대조군의 경우는 $2.9{\pm}7.1$개피에서 3.1개피로 다소 증가하였다. 흡연에 대한 지식점수의 변화를 종속변수로 한 다중회귀분석에서는 지식점수의 변화에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수는 흡연예방교육여부와 흡연에 대한 사전지식점수, 학생의 학교성적이었다. 흡연에 대한 태도 접수의 변화를 종속변수로 한 다중회귀분석에서는 흡연예방교육여부와 흡연에 대한 사전지식점수가 유의한 변수였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 사회영향모델에 의한 학교에서의 학생에 대한 흡연예방교육과 상담 및 교내환경과 학교주변 환경의 변화를 위한 사회영향 모형에 의한 교육 프로그램에 의하여 학생들의 흡연에 대한 지식과 태도와 흡연 의도율 등을 유의하게 변화시킬 수 있었으며, 흡연량은 유의하게 감소하였다. 향후 장기적인 추적을 통한 코호트 연구를 통하여 흡연율 감소효과를 평가하여야 할 것이며, 단순한 지식을 제공하는 일회성의 단편적 교육에서 벗어나 학생자신은 물론 학생주변 환경의 변화를 포괄하는 다양한 방법에 의한 흡연예방과 금연교육이 시행되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.281-308
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 2001년과 2011년에 이루어진 조사결과를 비교하여 한국 사회복지사들의 윤리적 신념과 윤리적 상황에 대한 경험이 어떻게 변화되었는지 알아보는 것이다. 클라이언트와의 "이중관계"에 대한 신념과 경험에 초점을 두고, 현재와 과거 사회복지사들의 윤리적 신념과 경험의 차이를 살펴보고, 인구사회학적 특성 및 조직의 특성에 따른 사회복지사들의 신념과 경험의 차이의 양상이 어떻게 달라졌는지 알아보았다. 이를 위하여 현직 사회복지사들을 대상으로 실시된 설문조사 256부를 분석하였고, 2001년 발표된 유사한 설계의 연구 결과와 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 현재의 사회복지사들은 10년 전보다 신념이나 경험에 있어 더 엄격한 기준을 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 이중관계의 내용에 따라 상대적으로 더 허용적인 측면도 나타났다. 인구사회학적 특성 및 소속된 기관의 특성에 따른 사회복지사들의 윤리적 신념과 경험에서도 성별이나 교육수준, 기관형태 등에 있어 차이가 있다는 사실은 동일하였으나 차이의 양상은 다소 다르게 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 토대로 향후 사회복지실천현장과 윤리교육에 대한 함의를 논의하였다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Objectives: In this study, the meditation programs (${\alpha}$ version), which are properly coordinated according to the motion, breathing, and relaxation, are evaluated and researched upon to have positive effects on stress and in the area of psychology. Methods: Approved by the Clinical Trials Deliberation Committee in Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Ilsan Hospital, this study collected data according to the applicant's consents, demographic information and anthropometry for the Sasang Constitutional diagnosis. Sasang Constitutional diagnosis measured the beta tools by Institute of Oriental Medicine and a decision tree was made for the Sasang Constitutional questionnaires. The STAI, STAXI, BDI, and HRV were measured before and after the meditation in order to compare the effects of meditation according to Sasang Constitution. The HRV was used as a ProComP KM Tech (co). Results: 1) The positive changes available in the Time-domain analysis of heart rate variability assessment showed that the peace of mind is increased. By analyzing the Sasang constitution, So-eum In's peace of mind included a physical stability of the autonomic nervous system. 2) According to the psychological scale evaluation, each depression scale, trait anger, anger-in, state anxiety and trait anxiety index proved significantly positive effects. By analyzing the Sasang constitution, Eun-In which involved So-eum In and Tae-eum In, had positive effects. 3) The psychological scale changed the group of diagnosed depression or anxiety, it did not mean that the psychological scale changes in the depression group, but the index of the anxiety group had been significantly reduced. This program had clinical effects for anxious patients and Eum-In which involved Tae-eum In and So-eum In according to the analysis of Sasang constitution. 4) Correlations between the gender of each psychological scale showed that women have overall low correlations, but, there were no significant changes. Conclusions: The meditation program developed by adequately mixing Action, relaxation and breathing shows that it is effective for overall Eum-in physical and mental relaxation and concentration. In the future, It will have to be developed Meditation program to show the same effect for all people.