• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 1991

The present study was undertaken in an effort to investigate the effects of alcohol on survival of mice and on their humoral and cellular immune responses, The immune responses examined were Arthus and delayed-type hyperrsnesitivity(DTH) reactions to sheep red blood cells(SRBC), contact hypersensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzend(DNFB), antibody response to thymus - dependent SRBC and to thymus -independent polyvinylpyroridone(PVP), and the recovery of Crytococcus neoformans from the liver, spleen, kidney and brain of experimentally infected mice. The administration of ethanol concentrations of 20% or less did not cause any change in survival rates as compared withs saline injected control group. In general, ethanol administration inhibited the Arthus and DTH reactions to SRBC, contact hypersensitivity to DNFB, and antibody response to both SRBC and PVP and it also decreased the resistance of mice to C. neoformans infection. Taken together, the present study stongly suggested that ethanol inhibits immune response and decrease the resistance of mice to C. neoformans infection.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.583-587
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• 2021

Lidocaine is the most commonly used local anesthetic (LA) agent in various dental as well as oral and maxillofacial procedures. Although rare, adverse effects and allergic reactions to lidocaine have been reported. In patients with suspected allergy to LA or a history of such reaction, careful history-taking and allergy testing should be performed to choose an alternative LA agent to avoid any adverse effects. Here, we present two cases of delayed hypersensitivity reaction to lidocaine, wherein the patients presented with erythema, edema, and itching. Intradermal testing confirmed allergic reaction to lidocaine, and the patients underwent successful dental treatment using an alternative LA agent. This report highlights the importance of allergy testing prior to LA use considering the serious consequences of allergy to these agents and describes the management of such patients using an alternative LA agent.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.231-256
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• 1998

Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effects of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang on the Anti-allergic effect and pulmonary function of $O_3$ intoxicated Rats. Anti-allergic effect experiment consisted of vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine and serotonin, 48hrs homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis provoked by the IgE-like antibody against egg white albumin, and delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl Chloride and SRBC. Pulmonary function of $O_3$ intoxicated Rats experiment consisted of lung TBA value, water Contents of the lung, oxygen consumption time, and arterial blood $pCO_2,\;pO_2,\;HCO_3^-$, pH level. The results obtained as follows; 1. In the effects of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang on vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine, both of chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang group revealed significant effect. 2. In the effects of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang on vascular permeability responses to intradermal serotonin, both of chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang group revealed significant effect. 3. In the 48hrs homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis provoked by the IgE-like antibody against egg white albumin, Chihyosan groups revealed significant effect, but Chihyosangamibang groups revealed none significant effect. 4. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl Chloride, Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed none significant effect. 5. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to. SRBC, Chihyosan revealed none significant effect, but Chihyosankamibang revealed significant effect. 6. Both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed significant effect on decrease of the lung TBA value of lung. 7. Both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed significant effect on decrease of the water contents of right and left lung. 8. Both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed significant effect on decrease of oxygen consumption time. 9. In the decrease effect of arterial blood $pCO_2$ level, both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed none significant effect. 10. In the increase effect of arterial blood $pO_2$ level, both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed none significant effect. 1. In the decrease effect of arterial blood $HCO_3^-$ level, both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang groups revealed significant effect. 12. In the increase of arterial blood pH level, Chihyosangamibang groups revealed none significant effect, but Chihyosan groups revealed significant effect. According to above stated results, both of Chihyosan and Chihyosangamibang are very usefully for treatment of cough, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and allergic pulmonary diseases.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.185-191
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• 2006

Background: Based on outstanding progresses in animal experiments, vaccines for some human tumors have been developed. However, clinical effects of these vaccines have been far below than expected. This discrepancy might come from differences between animal models and human patients with respect to immunocompetency. The immune status of mice after tumor inoculation has not been well studied, which make us cautious in interpreting and applying the results from mice to human. We evaluated cell-mediated immune responses in mice after tumor cell inoculation. Methods: Mice were inoculated with TA3Ha, CT26, or 4T1. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses were induced 2-4 weeks after inoculation using 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene as an antigen. The relationships between the severity of DTH responses and the duration of tumor inoculation or the size of tumor mass were analyzed. Results: In T A3Ha groups, DTH response was elevated 2 weeks after inoculation, but depressed after 4 weeks, compared to the control group. When analyzed based on the sizes of tumor masses elicited, DTH responses were inversely related to the mass size, especially in those greater than 10 mm in diameter. In CT26 groups, while the duration after inoculation did not affect the severity of DTH responses, those with large mass showed depressed responses regardless the duration of inoculation. 4T1 cells grew so slowly that the size of tumor mass was small even 4 weeks after inoculation, and this group showed much higher DTH responses compared to that of tumor-free group. Conclusion: At least in an experimental setting where tumor model was induced by inoculating tumor cell lines into immunologically competent mice, the host immune response was elevated in early stage, and then depressed in late stage when the mass grew over a critical size.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1986

The immunopotentiating effect of ethanol extract, butanol fraction and petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng on the immunotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene were investigated in mice. A single administration of benzo(a)pyrene induced an apparent but relatively transient reduction in HY titer, Arthus reaction, delayed type hypersensitivity, rosette forming cell and natural killer cell activity Ethanol extract very significantly restored HY titer, Arthus reaction. RFC and natural killer cell activity. Butanol fraction have no effect. But petroleum ether extract very significantly restored humoral and cellular immune response and especially natural killer cell activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2007

There have been various animal models of skin inflammation. These models have been used for establishing anti-inflammatory activity of the topical agents including cosmetics. Here, the molecular mechanisms of most widely-used animal models of skin inflammation including contact irritation, acute and chronic inflammation, and delayed-type hypersensitivity are summarized. Against these animal models, varieties of plant flavonoids showed anti-inflammatory activity. The action mechanisms of anti-inflammation by topical flavonoids are presented. A therapeutic potential of flavonoids is discussed.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.171-172
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• 2002

Immune responses to infectious microbes and foreign antigens are regulated by a series of interactions among T cells, B cells, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages (M$\square$) and dendritic cells (DCs). The inverse relationship between antibody production and cell-mediated immune responses such as delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was experimentally manipulated by varying the dose, route of administration, and form of antigen used to immunize animals. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.169-171
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• 1984

An expeliment was carried out to measure the cellular immune response in guinea pigs by sensitizing the animals with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB). The guinea pigs could be sensitized with one application of DNCB. The sensitizing and challenge dose was standardized. The histological response was characteristic of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1980.09a
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• pp.245-249
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• 1980

Total saponins extracted from Panox ginseng have no effect on the cytotoxic T-cell activity, and natural killer cell activity in mice infected with A/WSN influenza virus. The saponins, however suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to the virus and to sheep erythrocytes when administered to the animal before sensitization. Thus a prophylactic anti-inflammatory action of the total saponins of ginseng is observed, which may be related to their steroid-like structure.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.672-674
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• 1999

Cepacidine A was first identified as a novel antifungal antibiotic which was isolated from the culture broth of Pseudomonas cepacia AF200l. It showed a potent in vitro antifungal activity against various pathogenic fungi, but did not show any activity against bacteria. Recently, the immunosuppressive action of cepacidine A was discovered using an in vitro screening system involving inhibition of the proliferation of murine lymphocytes stimulated by 2 mitogens, and also by in vivo mouse models involving inhibition of delayed type hypersensitivity and SRBC hemagglutination. Cepacidine A showed a significant activity of cellular immunosuppression (ED/sub 50/) at concentration levels of 1-3 ㎎/㎏, i.p.. Unfortunately, the delayed toxicity at a dose of above 3 ㎎/㎏ i.p. was apparent.