• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-96
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• 2002

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects on the healing of fibular fractures in rabbits of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$) applied for periods of 4, 14 and 24 days following fibular osteotomy. Thirty-six male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of twelve for three treatment protocols: (1) ultrasound treatment at intensities of 50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$ until the 4th day following fibular osteotomy, (2) ultrasound treatment at intensities of 50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$ until the 14th day following fibular osteotomy, and (3) ultrasound treatment at intensities of 50 $mW/cm^2$ and 500 $mW/cm^2$ until the 24th day following fibular osteotomy. The low-intensity pulsed ultrasound was applied to only one fibula of each rabbit (these served as the experimental group). The other fibula of each rabbit served as the control group. The selection of which fibula was to be treated was made randomly. The animals were sacrificed on the 4th, 14th and 24th day after the start of ultrasound treatments. Percent of trabecular bone area and fibular radiography were carried out to compare the degree of fibular bone healing. A microscope was also used to determine any histologic changes. For statistical differences in radiological changes due to length of treatment period (4, 14 and 24 days respectively), the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to compare the experimental and control groups. For statistical differences in fracture healing due to differences in ultrasound intensity, radiological studies were compared using the Mann-Whitney Test. And, to compute percentage differences in areas of trabecular bone, Two-way analysis of variance (ultrasound intensity x each group) was used. Experiment results were as follows: 1. In animals sacrificed on the 4th day, no difference was found in the radiological studies of the fibulae in the experimental and control groups (p>.05). However, experimental groups showed more rapid bone repair than control group. 2. Both radiographic and percent of trabecular bone area studies showed significant differences in rabbits sacrificed after 14 days. Fracture healing was significantly increased in the experimental group (p<.05) 3. In the animals sacrificed on the 24th day, histologic study showed rapid bone repair but fibular radiologic studies did not show statistical differences between the two groups (p>.05). 4. On the 14th day, bone union on radiograph was significantly more rapid in the treatment group with pulsed ultrasound of 50 $mW/cm^2$ than the group with 500 $mW/cm^2$ (p<.05). Histologic studies showed that both the 14 and 24 days groups had more rapid bone repair in animals treated with 50 $mW/cm^2$ ultrasound intensity than those treated with 500 $mW/cm^2$ intensity. In conclusion, it has been shown that the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has a positive effect on bone fracture healing in the early stage and the range of pulse ultrasound from 50 $mW/cm^2$ to 500 $mW/cm^2$ is effective for fracture healing. Further study is needed to investigate the influence of pulsed ultrasound on delayed union and non-union in bone fractures and also for the clinical use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for bone healing in humans.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2004

Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a rare odontogenic carcinoma defined as a squamous cell carcinoma arising within a jaw having no initial connection with the oral mucosa, and presumably developing from residues of the odontogenic epithelium. A 56-year-old patient who complained of delayed healing after extraction of upper left central incisor visited our department. The conventional radiographs showed a bony destructive lesion with ill-defined margin and moth-eaten appearance. On the computed tomographic images, the lesion perforated the labial cortex of alveloar bone, elevated the left nasal floor superiorly, and perforated partially both nasal floor. The magnetic resonance images showed low signal intensity at T2 and Tl weighted images at the area and adjacent soft tissue. Histologically, there were irregular epithelial islands with cell atypia, nuclear hyperchromatism, pleomorphism, atypical mitosis. The final diagnosis was PIOC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.15-16
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• 2000

Transient forebrain ischemia results in delayed neuronal death in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after injury, which is, at least in part, a consequence of excessive generation of reactive oxygen species. Previous in vitro studies using cell cultures or brain slices have demonstrated that phospholipase D (PLD) in the nervous system is involved in the signaling mechanism in response to a variety of agonists. Several recent studies have shown that reactive oxygen species stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) activity in several kinds of cells. Therefore, this raises the possibility that PLD activity is enhanced in the ischemic brain. Meanwhile, osteopontin (OPN) was initially identified as a sialoglycoprotein in bone, but has since been found in various tissues. Although not much is known about its function, OPN seems to play an important role in inflammation and tissue repair. Recently, it was reported that OPN was upregulated in the activated microglia after focal brain ischemia, suggesting that OPN might play a role in wound healing after a focal stroke.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.451-458
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• 2013

Human immunodeficiency virus is a retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is defined in terms of "either the occurrence of specific diseases in association with a HIV infection or a CD4 cell count below 200cells/ul" by centers for disease control and prevention(CDC). When performing the surgery of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients, several factors should be considered. First, standard precautions should be performed to prevent infection. It is safe to treat human immunodeficiency virus infected patients if we follow the standard precautions. Second, when making a surgical plan, surgeons have to take account of delayed bone healing and postsurgical infection. This case report presents a case of orthognathic surgery of human immunodeficiency virus infected patient.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-129
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• 1999

Transient symptomatic zinc deficiency (TSZD) is clinically similar to acrodermatitis enteropathica. The patients are experienced dermatitis on periorifice and extremities, alopecia, diarrhea, growth retardation, anemia, delayed wound healing and infection. They showed a characteristically rapid response to zinc supplement without recurrence. We report 3 cases of TSZD infants, 2 premature infants with inadequate zinc supply and 1 mature infant with chronic diarrhea.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.168-171
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• 2016

Fractures at the lateral end of the clavicle inevitably require surgical treatment as there is high potential for delayed union or nonunion. Acromioclavicular dislocation also requires stable and solid fixation for healing, and surgical treatment is recommended for the maintenance of joint function. The hook plate maintains the biomechanics of the acromioclavicular joint, enabling early range of motion. Therefore, for the past 10 years, the hook plate has been widely used in distal clavicle fractures and acromioclavicular joint injuries. However, the hook plate is associated with several complications, such as proximal clavicle fractures, widening of the hook hole, rotator cuff tear, subacromial impingement, and often acromial fractures. We report on two unusual cases of acromion fracture after hook plate fixation in patients with distal clavicle fracture and acromioclavicular dislocation alongside a literature review.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.455-460
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• 2002

Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) was diagnosed with history taking, physical examination, complete blood count, serum chemistry profiles, abdominal radiology, ultrasonography and adrenal function tests in 3 dogs. Their clinical signs were polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, bilateral symmetrical truncal alopecia and secondary infection in skin or urinary tract. Especially one dog showed severe clinical signs such as calcinosis cutis and delayed wound healing. These 3 dogs were diagnosed as PDH, and treated with selegiline 1-2 mg/kg /ay sid PO. 2 dogs with clinical signs of PDH were disappeared and improved, but 1 dog with severe illness progressed gradually despite of selegiline and mitotane application, and eventually died.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.191-195
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• 2018

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency and autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the gene encoding CD18, which is a constituent of leukocyte integrins. Clinical features usually begin with a delay in the separation of the umbilical cord in the neonatal period, and are characterized by marked leukocytosis with infection, delayed wound healing, and repeated bacterial and fungal infections. We experienced a case of leukocyte adhesion deficiency diagnosed in the neonatal period, in which a late preterm infant admitted to neonatal intensive care unit presented with a septic hip. Flow cytometry analysis of whole blood showed a decrease in the expression of CD11b/CD18. This is the first case of leukocyte adhesion deficiency with neonatal septic hip diagnosed in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.563-567
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• 2009

This study compared the instrument performance and tissue healing of a steel scalpel with a $CO_2$ laser in an animal uterine surgery model. Five Landrace and Yorkshire mixed breed pigs were used. Two symmetrical incisions were made in the uterine of each pig. One incision was made on the left side of the uterine horn using a steel scalpel, while the other incision was performed on the right side using a $CO_2$ laser with an 8W output power. Each instrument was evaluated clinically for speed, ease of incision, and extent of bleeding. An ovariohysterectomy was performed at 21 days after the surgical procedure for a histological examination. The scalpel was an easier instrument to use in the confines of the uterine tissue, compared with the laser. However, there is no significant difference between the two groups. The amount of bleeding was less in the laser group but the time of the incisions was shorter with the scalpel. Postoperative uterus adhesion in the $CO_2$ laser incisions was lower than the scalpel incisions. Scalpel incisions showed complete restoration of the epithelium and endometrial gland. On the other hand, the laser incisions showed incomplete restoration of the epithelium and endometrial gland. Although the scalpel produced less damage to the uterine tissue and was easier to handle than the $CO_2$ laser, it did not provide hemostasis that was helpful for use on highly vascular tissue. The $CO_2$ laser provided good hemostasis but delayed wound healing.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.67-81
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• 1996

This study was performed to assess the efficacy of high voltage pulsed galvanic current for the healing of wounds in rabbits. Skin wounds were created laterally on the flank of 12 domestic rabbits($3{\times}3cm$). The wounds of each group were treated with an intensity of 170 V at a frequency of 70 pulses per second, which was applied for 30 minutes a day for 10 days. The experimental groups were randomly assigned to either EXP I (n=3), EXP II(n=3), EXP III(n=3) or control(n=3). Each group was stimulated under the following conditions : 1) EXP I (Negative polarity), 2) EXP II (Change in polarity, negative electrode stimulation during the first 3 days and then positive electrode stimulation from 4 to 10 days), 3) EXP III(Positive polarity), 4) control(No stimulation). An active electrode was placed over the wound and a dispersive electrode on the buttock. The rate of wound closure was compared with the original wound size, evaluated by a tracing film in each measurement period. Finally, on the wound in each group, skin tissue was excised for histological evaluation after treatment for 10 days. The results obtained are as follows : 1) It was found that the control group did not show a complete remodeling of epitherial layer and had a chronic inflammatory response. Judging from the irregularity of intercellular space and the loose alignment of connective tissue, these findings show that wound healing was delayed. 2) EXP I showed a significant bactericidal effect, but a moderate response of vasodilation. The rate of wound closure was slower when compared with EXP II, III. 3) EXP II showed a complete remodeling of epitherial layer and a positive repair of connective tissue. Its rate of wound closure was best when compared with the others. 4) EXP III had a slower rate of wound closure than EXP II, but judging from the greater proliferation of collagen fibers and the dense alignment of connective tissue, this positive electrode was very effective in the formation of neo - connective tissue.