• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2006

In previous our studies, we have reported that eugenol derived from Eugenia caryophyllata(Myrtaceace) exhibits acute N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)- and oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced neurotoxicity in primary cortical cultures and protects hippocampal neurons from global ischemia. In this study, we investigated whether the extracts and fractions of E. caryophyllata or eugenol shows the neuroprotective effects against delayed neuronal injury evoked by NMDA or ${\alpha}$-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole propionate(AMPA), and oxidative damage induced by arachidonic acid-, hydrogen peroxide-, $FeCl_2$/ascorbic acid-, and buthionine sulfoximine(BSO) in primary cortical cultures. We examined the neurotoxicity of eugenol itself in cultures and inhibitory effect of eugenol on NMDA- or kainate(KA)-induced convulsion in BALB/c mice. Each water, methanol extract and methanol fraction of E. caryophyllata was significantly attenuated NMDA-induced delayed neurotoxicity, respectively. Eugenol exhibited a significant inhibitory action against the convulsion evoked by NMDA and KA, and reduced delayed or brief neurotoxicity induced by NMDA, AMPA, and various oxidative injuries. These results suggest that eugenol derived from E. caryophyllata may contribute the neuroprotection against delayed-type excitotoxicity and excitotoxins-mediated convulsion through the amelioration of oxidative stress.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2022

Objective: This clinical study describes the effect of Korean medicine on a patient with Delayed Neuropsychiatric Sequelae after Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Case presentation: A patient with the delayed neuropsychiatric effects of carbon monoxide exposure was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping. Clinical symptoms were measured with the Korean Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and the Modified Barthel Index (MBI). After 32 days of treatment, the patient's K-MMSE score increased from 11 to 21 points, the FIM score from 52 to 94 points, and the MBI score from 46 to 84 points. There were no side effects. Conclusion: According to this case study, Korean medicine may be considered an effective treatment for delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae, although more studies are needed to confirm its validity.

• Hip & pelvis
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2023

Purpose: Delay in performance of hip fracture surgery can be caused by medical and/or administrative reasons. Although early surgery is recommended, it is unclear what constitutes a delayed surgery and whether the impact of delayed surgery can differ depending on the reason for the delay. Materials and Methods: A total of 269 consecutive hip fracture patients over 50 years of age who underwent surgery were prospectively enrolled. They were divided into two groups: early and delayed (time from reaching the hospital to surgery less than or more than 48 hours). Patients were also categorized as fit or unfit based on anesthetic fitness. One-year mortality was recorded, and regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of delay on mortality. Results: A total of 153 patients (56.9%) had delayed surgery with a mean time to surgery of 87±70 hours. A total of 115 patients (42.8%) were considered medically fit to undergo surgery. No difference in one-year mortality was observed between patients with early surgery and those with delayed surgery (P=0.854). However, when assessment of the time to surgery was performed in a continuous manner, mortality increased with prolonged time to surgery, particularly in unfit patients, and higher mortality was observed when the delay exceeded six days (fit: P=0.117; unfit: P=0.035). Conclusion: The effect of delay on mortality was predominantly observed in patients who were not considered medically fit, suggesting that surgical delays might have a greater impact on patients with medical reasons for delay.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1157-1163
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• 2002

This experimental research has been done to study the effects of Gmibojungikgi-tang(GBJIKT) on the anti-allergic reaction. We found the several important results from the research which has been performed by two experiments toward immediately type and delayed type in order to study the effects of GBJIKT on hypersensitivity response to mice. The results obtained from our research are as following: The survival rate of one group to which we injected only the compound 48/80 is almost 0% according to its density and timing test. In the other hand, the survival rates of the other group to which we injected both of the compound 48/80 and GBJIKT are 10%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 20%, and 40% according to 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25 0.5 and 1(mg/g) of compound 48/80. Time dependency test also shows the 0% survival rates in 5 and 10 minutes. GBJIKT revealed the significantly inhibitory effect on Compound 48/80 induced Mast cell degranulation. GBJIKT showed the significantly inhibitory effect in the delayed type hypersensitivity response to picry1 chloride GBJIKT showed the significantly inhibitory effect in the delayed type hypersensitivity response to sheep red blood cell. Our research provides the important evidence that GBJIKT is benificial to the prevention and treatment of allergy related diseases.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2003

This experimental research has been done to study the effects of Sipjeondaebo-tang(SOT) on the anti-allergic reaction. We found the several important results from the research which has been performed by two experiments toward immediately type and delayed type in order to study the effects of SDT on hypersensitivity response to mice. The results obtained from our research are as following. The survival rate of one group to which we injected only the compound 48/80 is almost 0% according to its density and timing test. In the other hand, the survival rates of the other group to which we injected both of the compound 48/80 and SDT are 20%, 10%, 30%, 10%, 40% and 70% according to 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25 0.5 and 1 (mg/g) of compound 48/80. Time dependency test also shows the 30% and 20% survival rates in 5 and 10 minutes. SDT revealed the significantly inhibitory effect on Compound 48/80 induced Mast cell degranulation. SDT showed the significantly inhibitory effect in the delayed type hypersensitivity response to picry1 chloride. SDT showed the significantly inhibitory effect in the delayed type hypersensitivity response to sheep red blood cell. Our research provides the important evidence that SDT is benificial to the prevention and treatment of allergy related diseases.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1075-1081
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• 2003

This experimental research has been done to study the effects of Palmul-tang on the anti-allergic reaction. We found the several important results from the research which has been performed by two experiments toward immediately type and delayed type in order to study the effects of Palmul-tang on hypersensitivity response to mice. The results obtained from our research are as following: The survival rate of one group to which we injected only the compound 48/80 is almost 0% according to its density and timing test. In the other hand. the survival rates of the other group to which we injected both of the compound 48/80 and Palmul-tang are 20%, 0%. 40%, 10%, 20% and 50% according to 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25 0.5 and 1 (mg/g) of compound 48/80. Time dependency test also shows the 30% and 20% survival rates in 5 and 10 minutes. Palmul-tang revealed the significantly inhibitory effect on Compound 48/80 induced Mast cell degranulation. Palmul-tang showed the significantly inhibitory effect in the delayed type hypersensitivity response to picry1 chloride. Palmul-tang showed the significantly inhibitory effect in the delayed type hypersensitivity response to sheep red blood cell. Our research provides the important evidence that Palmul-tang is benificial to the prevention and treatment of allergy related aiseases.

• 약학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 1983

The effect of ginseng butanol fraction (total sponin) on the absorption rate of ethanol in rat intestine was examined. Ginseng butanol fraction showed inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of ethanol in situ as well as in vitro test. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the ethanol blood level, delayed onset time of ethanol effect and shortened sleeping time when it was adminstered orally together with ethanol. These results suggest that ginseng may alter the ethanol blood level by decreasing the intestinal absorption of ethanol.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.577-583
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• 2002

Experimental studies were done to research the Clinical effects of Insambakhab-tang on the Anti-allergic effect and pulmonary function of O₃ intoxicated Mice. Anti-allergic effect experiment consisted of vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine and serotonin, 48hrs homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis provoked by the IgE-like antibody against egg white albumin, and delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl Chloride and SRBC. Pulmonary function of O₃ intoxicated Mice experimental consisted of pulmonary thromboembolism (Sodium Arachidonate-induced and ADP-induced), lung TBA value, and serum Na/sup +/, K/sup +/, Cl/sup +/ level. The results obtained as follows; 1. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on the pulmonary thromboembolism by Sodium Arachidonic acid and ADP, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 2. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on the vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 3. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on the vascular permeability responses to intradermal serotonine, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 4. In the 48hrs homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis provoked by the IgE-like antibody against egg white albumin, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 5. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl Chloride, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 6. Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect on decrease of the lung TBA value of lung. 7. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on Serum Na/sup +/, K/sup +/ Level in O₃-intoxicated Mice. Insambakhab-tang group revealed none significant effect, but In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on Serum Cl/sup +/ Level in O₃-intoxicated Mice, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.76-95
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• 2002

Allergic rhinitis and allergic dermatitis are common allergic diseases. Galgeun-tang has been used for treating various diseases, which include allergic rhinitis and allergic dermatitis. Experimental sutdies have been done to research the anti-allergic effects of Galgeun-tang, Gamigalgeun-tang and Geomahwanggalgeun-tang. We have observed: the vascular permeability response induced by serotonin and histamine, the contact dermatitis response induced by picryl chloride, the delayed type hypersensitivity response to SRC, the mice paw edema induced by carrageenin, and the rectal temperature in febrile rats induced by endotoxin, as well as the writhing syndrome induced by $0.7{\%}$ acetic acid. The results were as follows: 1. In the vascular permeability response to intradermal serotonin and histamine, Galgeun-tang and Gamigalgeun-tang showed a significant inhibitory effect. However Geomahwanggalgeun-tang showed an insignificant inhibitory effect. 2. In the contact dermatitis response induced by picryl chloride, Galgeun-tang and Gamigalgeun-tang showed a signigicant inhibitory effect. However Geomahwanggalgeun-tang showed an insignificant inhibitory effect. 3. In the delayed type hypersensitivity response to SRC, Galgeun-tang, Gamigalgeun-tang and Geomahwanggalgeun-tang showed a significant inhibitory effect. 4. In the mice paw edema induced by carrageenin, Galgeun-tang and Gamigalgeun-tang showed a significant inhibitory effect. However Geomahwanggalgeun-tang showed an insignificant inhibitory effect. 5. In the rectal temperature in febrile rats induced by endotoxin, Galgeun-tang, Gamigalgeun-tang and Geomahwanggalgeun-tang showed a significant inhibitory effect. 6. In the writhing syndrome induced by a $0.7{\%}$ acetic acid solution. Galgeun-tang and Gamigalgeun-tang showed a significant inhibitory effect. However Geomahwanggalgeun-tang showed an insignificant inhibitory effect.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2003

This study focuses on an understanding of the environmental effect on delayed hydride cracking velocity (DHCV) of CANDU Zr-2.5Nb tubes. To simulate DHC susceptibility of the Zr-2.5Nb tubes in reactor operating conditions, DHC tests were successfully carried out in pressurized water at 180 and $250^{\circ}C$ using a self-designed autoclave for the first time. Using 17 mm compact tension specimens electorlytically charged to 34 and 60 ppm H, 3 to 7 DHCV data were determined in water at both temperatures and compared to those determined in air that were already confirmed to be valid through a round robin test on DHCV of Zr-2.5Nb tubes sponsored by a IAEA coordinated research program. The pressurized water environment has little effect on DHCV of Zr-2.5Nb tube in water at both temperatures even though DHCV is slightly lower in water than that in air. The lower DHCV of the Zr-2.5Nb tube during short-term tests is discussed in viewpoint of the cooling rate from the peak temperature to the test temperature.