• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2004

Compositae plants are known to contain biologically active substances that are allelopathic to agricultural crops as well as weed species. Aqueous extracts from leaves of Xanthium occidentale were assayed against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to determine their allelopathic effects, and the result showed that the extracts applied onto filter paper significantly inhibited seed germination as well as root growth of alfalfa. Untreated seeds germinated in 60h, but extract concentrations greater than 30g $\textrm{L}^{-1}$ delayed seed germination. The extracts significantly inhibited seed germination of alfalfa, and $\beta$-amylase activity of alfalfa and barley seeds during 24-36 hours after treatment. Aqueous extracts of 40 g $\textrm{L}^{-1}$ from X. occidentale were completely inhibited the hypocotyl and root growth of alfalfa. Aqueous leaf extracts showed the highest inhibitory effect and followed by root and stem extracts. Early seedling growth of both alfalfa and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) was significantly reduced by methanol extracts. By means of high-performance liquid chromatography, chlorogenic acid and trans-cinnamic acid were quantified as the highest amounts from water and EtOAc fractions, respectively. BuOH and EtOAc fractions of X. occidentale reduced alfalfa root growth more than did hexane and water fractions. The findings of the bioassays for aqueous or methanol extracts reflected that the inhibitory effect of extract was closely related to the level of responsible allelochemicals found in plant extracts.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2005

Objective : As the meaning of collective medical examination, the purpose of this study is to investigate distribution of weak children by measurement according to the five group of weakness (Lung, Heart, Pancreas, Liver, Kidney), and the relationship between the five group of weakness and the Growth failure on primary school children. Methods : This study is composed of 1078 children who attend A primary school in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ city. They are divided into 6 groups by grade and for the purpose of effective comparison, The five weak symptoms are studied to determine the association with growth stature among children and we standardize the weak children's height into percent according to age. Results: When each weak children controled grade, sex, body-weight, existence or nonexistence of personal history, physical exercise so on, relatively group of weakness for kidney is statistically less then opposite group and the rest of the people statistically have no significant difference. Conclusions: From the above result, it is suggested that the statistical relationship between the weakness for kidney and growth(p<0.001). It looks forward to have contributed to collective medical examination and children's health care by oriental medical treatment.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.393-405
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• 2019

Survival factor 1 (Svf1) is a protein involved in cell survival pathways. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Svf1 is required for the diauxic growth shift and survival under stress conditions. In this study, we characterized the role of FgSvf1, the Svf1 homolog in the homothallic ascomycete fungus Fusarium graminearum. In the FgSvf1 deletion mutant, conidial germination was delayed, vegetative growth was reduced, and pathogenicity was completely abolished. Although the FgSvf1 deletion mutant produced perithecia, the normal maturation of ascospore was dismissed in deletion mutant. The FgSvf1 deletion mutant also showed reduced resistance to osmotic, fungicide, and cold stress and reduced sensitivity to oxidative stress when compared to the wild-type strain. In addition, we showed that FgSvf1 affects glycolysis, which results in the abnormal vegetative growth in the FgSvf1 deletion mutant. Further, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated in the FgSvf1 deletion mutant, and this accumulated ROS might be related to the reduced sensitivity to oxidative stress and the reduced resistance to cold stress and fungicide stress. Overall, understanding the role of FgSvf1 in F. graminearum provides a new target to control F. graminearum infections in fields.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.558-565
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to develop a predictive growth model for Bacillus cereus in nutrient broth and validate the developed growth model in blanched vegetables. After inoculating B. cereus into nutrient broth, growth of B. cereus was investigated at 13, 17, 24, 30 and $35^{\circ}C$. Lag time (LT) decreased while specific growth rate (SGR) increased with an increase in storage temperature. Growth of B. cereus was not observed at temperatures lower than $12^{\circ}C$. Secondary growth models were developed to describe primary model parameters, including LT and SGR. Model performance was evaluated based on bias factor ($B_f$) and accuracy factor ($A_f$). In addition, we inoculated B. cereus into blanched vegetables stored at 13, 24, $35^{\circ}C$ and observed the growth kinetics of B. cereus in five different blanched vegetables. Growth of B. cereus was most delayed on Doraji at $13^{\circ}C$ and was not observed on Gosari at $13^{\circ}C$. Growth of B. cereus at $35^{\circ}C$ was significantly (p<0.05) slower on Gosari than on other blanched vegetables. The developed secondary LT model for broth in this study was suitable to predict growth of B. cereus on Doraji and Gosari, whereas the SGR model was only suitable for predicting the growth of B. cereus on mung bean sprout.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.104-118
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• 2009

This study was carried out to classify Korean soybean varieties base on maturity group (MG) and to find character relationships according to planting date for high quality soybean seed production adapted to early season cultivation environment of Miryang. Results of maturity grouping of Korean soybean varieties showed that Keunol (3 cultivars), belonged to Group 0; Seonnok and Danmi in Group II, Shinrok in Group III, Seonyu (17 cultivars), in Group IV, Taekwang (44 cultivars) in Group V, Daewon (25 cultivars) in Group VI, and Kwangdu and Keumdu in Group VII. Agronomic characteristics of 100 soybean varieties were compared based on MG, cultivation year and seeding date. Soybean varieties belonging to the MG $VI{\sim}VII$ showed longer days to flowering and growth period, high lodging density and higher yield. Seed quality analysis revealed that as maturity was delayed, seed weight becomes heavier while seed cracks become abundant. In addition, occurrence of purple seed and phomopsis were higher in MG $0{\sim}III$. Protein content was higher in MG $0{\sim}III$, and isoflavone content was higher as maturity was delayed. On the other hand, lipid content was generally similar across MGs. Correlation analysis of major agronomic characters showed positive relationships between days to flowering and growth days, seed weight and lodging in MG $IV{\sim}V$, seed crack and growth days in MG $0{\sim}III$, seed crack and days to flowering in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, seed crack and lodging in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, seed crack and seed weight in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, purple seed and growth days in MG $IV{\sim}V$, purple seed and seed weight in MG $VI{\sim}VII$, phomopsis and growth days in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$, and phomopsis and purple seed in MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$. In contrast, a negative relationship was observed between seed weight and lodging in MG $0{\sim}III$. Correlating yield and major characters revealed negative relationships between days to flowering and growth days in MG $0{\sim}III$ and MG $IV{\sim}V$, whereas positive relationships were obtained on MG $VI{\sim}VII$ seeded on April 30. Lodging, seed weight and seed crack were all negatively correlated with yield in the MG $IV{\sim}V$ and MG $VI{\sim}VII$. Soybean cultivars identified as adaptable to early season planting for production of high quality soy curd and fermented soybean paste were Seonyu, Kwangdu, and Soho while those suited for the manufacture of soybean sprouts were Sobaeknanul, Kwangan, Sowon, and Bosuk. Geomjeong 2 chosen as best for mixing with rice.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.733-745
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• 2021

Although waxy corn varieties developed after the 1980s show differences depending on development stages and conditions, studies on the characteristics of waxy corn during the growth stage are rare. The subject of this study was a field survey and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image acquisition of four waxy corn varieties cultivated in Idam-ri, Gammul-myeon, Goesan-gun, Korea. The study was conducted in four stages at intervals of two weeks after planting in 2019. The growth characteristics of each of the four varieties were analyzed using growth curves obtained based on field survey and UAV imagery data. The characteristics of each growth stage of the four varieties of corn, as assessed using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and plant height (P.H.) values, were as follows. The growth model was identified as a model in which three-parameter logistic (3PL) curves reflect the growth characteristics of corn well. In particular, it was found that the variations in growth rate shown by P.H. and NDVI values clearly explain the differences between corn varieties. Among the four cultivars, growth and development first occurred at the early vegetative stage in Daehakchal, followed by Mibaek 2, Miheukchal, and finally Hwanggeummatchal. The variationsin P.H. and NDVI were achieved quickly and earlier in Daehakchal, followed by Mibaek 2, Hwanggeummatchal, and Miheukchal. It was confirmed that these results reflected the characteristics of the fast white-type varieties, while the black-type varieties were delayed, as in a previous study. These results reflect the resistance to lodging that affects the cultivation environment and the response characteristics to nutrients and moisture. It was confirmed that UAV accurately provides growth information that is very useful for analyzing the growth characteristics of each corn variety.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2014

제염중인 간척지 토양에 식용옥수수 재배 가능성을 검토코자 새만금 간척지에서 염이 제거된 토양을 대조구로 하여 토양염농도를 4수준으로 조정하여 일미찰옥수수등 4 품종을 식재하여 염농도에 따른 생장과 수량을 조사하였다. 1. 토양염농도에 따른 옥수수 입모율은 $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$까지 97% 이상 입모 되었으며, 이후 농도증가에 따라 약간씩 감소하였고. 염농도별 개화 시기는 $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$에서는 2일이 지연되었고, $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$에서는 품종에 따라 4~6일이, $4.8dS\;m^{-1}$에서는 6~10일이 지연되었다. 2. 토양염농도에 따른 식물체 생중은 찰옥4호와 얼룩찰1호가 높아서 $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$에서는 무염대비 93~97%정도였고, 염농도 $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$에서는 79% 정도의 생장량을 나타냈다. 3. 토양염농도에 따른 이삭당 종실 건물중은 Control구에 재배된 옥수수들에 비해 $1.6dS\;m^{-1}$에 재배되었을 때 평균 12.1%가 억제되었으며, $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$ 40%가 억제되었고, $4.8dS\;m^{-1}$에서는 약 70%가 억제되었다. 4. 품종간에는 찰옥 4호가 $3.2dS\;m^{-1}$에서도 이삭당 종실건물중의 감소가 상대적으로 적었다. 5. 토양염농도DP 따른 종실 무게의 감소는 $1.67dS\;m^{-1}$ - $2.18dS\;m^{-1}$에서부터 수량 감수가 시작되었고, 또한 수량의 절반이 감소되는 EC of 50%는 $2.96dS\;m^{-1}$ - $4.45dS\;m^{-1}$였다. 6. 토양염농도에 따른 각 생장요소들 간의 평균값을 비교한 결과 생장요소들이 받는 영향정도는 입모율<초장=이삭생중<식물체생중<수량 등의 순을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.427-435
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• 1992

We have experienced a case of infantile nephrotic syndrome confirmed by renal biopsy in a 13-month-old female patient who showed growth and develop mental retardation and persistent proteinuria. She revealed mild eyelid edema, joint laxity, delayed speech development and adrenal cortical calcification on the radiologic study. Renal biopsy showed microcystic tubular change, micro-glomeruli and marked mesangial proliferation.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1991

샤일리지용 수수와 청예용 수수-수만그라스 교잡 종의 사료생산에 안맞은 수확기를 안기 위하여 수수 2품종(p 931, P 956)과 수수 수단그라스 교잡종 1 품종(P 988)을 재배하여, 수수는 출수기부터 1주일 간격으로 6회 수확하였고 재생한 것은 10월 13일에 모두 수확하였다 수수-수단그라스는 출수 1주전부 터 1주후까지 6회 수확하였고, 재생한 것은 2차 혹은 3차 수확하여 수화시기가 사료의 생산성과 사료가치에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다 1. 수수의 1차 수확과 수수-수단그라스 1,2차 수확의 건물비율은 수확기가 늦을수록 증가하였으나 수수의 2차 수확은 생육기간이 충분하지 않아 1차 수화가가 빠를수록 건물비율이 높았다. 2. 1자 수확에서 수수는 수확기가 늦을수록 잎몸과 줄기+옆집의 구성비율은 감소하나 이삭비율은 증가 하였고 수수 P 956이 P 931 보다 이삭비율의 증가율은 컸으나 줄기+잎집 비율은 감소하였다 그러나 수수-수단그라스는 수획기가 늦을수록 잎몸비율은 감소하고 줄기+잎집 비율은 증가하였다 3 .수수의 l차 수확에서는 수확기가 늦을수록 조단백질, 조섬유 함량은 감소하였고, 가용성 무질소물 은 증가하였으며, 조지방과 조회분은 비슷하였다. 그러나 2차 수확은 1차 수확기가 빠를수록 조단백질과 조회분 함량은 다소 감소하였고, 가용성 무질소물은 증가하였으며, 조지방, 조섬유 함량은 비슷하였다. 수수-수단그라스는 수확기가 늦을수록 1차 수확의 조단백질은 감소하였고, 1차 수확의 조섬유와 1,2차 수확의 가용성 무질소물은 증가하였으며, 나머지는 수확기간에 차이가 없었다. 4 수수의 1차 수확에서는 출수기에서 출수 3주 후까지 건물수량이 증가하였으나 재생수량을 합한 총 건물수량은 수확기간에 차이가 없었다 수수-수단그라스는 수확가가 늦을수록 1차 수확과 1, 2, 3차 수확을 합한 총 건물수량이 증가하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.730-738
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• 2010

We developed predictive growth models for Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus on various food matrices consisting primarily of ready-to-eat (RTE) foods. A cocktail of three S. aureus strains, producing enterotoxins A, C, and D, or a B. cereus strain, were inoculated on sliced bread, cooked rice, boiled Chinese noodles, boiled bean sprouts, tofu, baked fish, smoked chicken, and baked hamburger patties at an initial concentration of 3 log CFU/g and stored at 8, 10, 13, 17, 24, and $30^{\circ}C$. Growth kinetic parameters were determined by the Gompertz equation. The square-root and Davey models were used to determine specific growth rate and lag time values, respectively, as a function of temperature. Model performance was evaluated based on bias and accuracy factors. S. aureus and B. cereus growth were most delayed on sliced bread. Overall, S. aureus growth was significantly (p<0.05) more rapid on animal protein foods than carbohydrate-based foods and vegetable protein foods. The fastest growth of S. aureus was observed on smoked chicken. B. cereus growth was not observed at 8 and $10^{\circ}C$. B. cereus growth was significantly (p<0.05) more rapid on vegetable protein foods than on carbohydrate-based foods. The secondary models developed in this study showed suitable performance for predicting the growth of S. aureus and B. cereus on various food matrices consisting of RTE foods.