• Title/Summary/Keyword: Delay Change

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A Study on Updated Object Detection and Extraction of Underground Information (지하정보 변화객체 탐지 및 추출 연구)

  • Kim, Kwangsoo;Lee, Heyung-Sub;Kim, Juwan
    • Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.99-107
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    • 2020
  • An underground integrated map is being built for underground safety management and is being updated periodically. The map update proceeds with the procedure of deleting all previously stored objects and saving newly entered objects. However, even unchanged objects are repeatedly stored, deleted, and stored. That causes the delay of the update time. In this study, in order to shorten the update time of the integrated map, an updated object and an unupdated object are separated, and only updated objects are reflected in the underground integrated map, and a system implementing this technology is described. For the updated object, an object comparison method using the center point of the object is used, and a quad tree is used to improve the search speed. The types of updated objects are classified into addition and deletion using the shape of the object, and change using its attributes. The proposed system consists of update object detection, extraction, conversion, storage, and history management modules. This system has the advantage of being able to update the integrated map about four times faster than the existing method based on the data used in the experiment, and has the advantage that it can be applied to both ground and underground facilities.

Recent Studies on Natural Products that Improve Browning (Browning 촉진에 관여하는 최근 천연물의 동향)

  • Lee, Eunbi;Nam, Ju-Ock
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.31 no.11
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    • pp.1037-1045
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    • 2021
  • The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, and since obesity is associated with dietary factors and sedentary lifestyles, it is a disease that is readily developing in the modern population. Because obesity is accompanied by serious complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, prevention and treatment are important. Currently, drugs such as liraglutide and phentermine are used to treat obesity by suppressing appetite and inducing gastrointestinal motility delay. However, various side effects may occur, including thyroid cancer, cardiovascular problems, and central nervous system disorders. Therefore, to explore an obesity treatment method with relatively few side effects, a method known as "fat browning" was introduced to change white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue to increase energy consumption. Ongoing studies are attempting to find effective natural substances to safely induce browning. Many natural substances have been identified. The induction of browning by treatment with natural substances generally involves three mechanisms: positive control of browning-inducing factors, inhibition of differentiation into white adipose tissue, and the activation of mechanisms related to browning. In this study, we describe plant extracts with known browning-inducing effects, such as strawberry, black raspberry, cinnamomum cassia, and Ecklonia stolonifera extracts. We also summarize the underlying mechanisms of action identified thus far, including the signaling pathway mediated by these extracts to induce browning. Furthermore, the effects of brown adipose tissue generated through browning on heart disease as an endocrine organ disruptor are discussed.

Research on Advanced Measures for Emergency Response to Water Accidents based on Big-Data (빅데이터 기반 수도사고 위기대응 고도화 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ho-sung;Kim, Jong-rip;Kim, Jae-jong;Yoon, Young-min;Kim, Dae-kyung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2022.05a
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    • pp.317-321
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    • 2022
  • In response to Incheon tap water accident in 2019, the Ministry of Environment has created the "Comprehensive Measures for Water Safety Management" to improve water operation management, provide systematic technical support, and respond to accidents. Accordingly, K-water is making a smart water supply management system for the entire process of tap water. In order to advance the response to water accidents, it is essential to secure the reliability of real-time water operation data such as flow rate, pressure, and water level, and to develop and apply a warning algorithm in advance using big data analysis techniques. In this paper, various statistical techniques are applied using water supply operation data (flow, pressure, water level, etc) to prepare the foundation for the selection of the optimal operating range and advancement of the monitoring and alarm system. In addition, the arrival time is analyzed through cross-correlation analysis of changes in raw water turbidity between the water intake and water treatment plants. The purpose of this paper is to study the model that predicts the raw water turbidity of a water treatment plant by applying raw water turbidity data considering the time delay according to the flow rate change.

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The Meaning of Parenthood and Christian Educational Care (부모 됨의 의미와 기독교 교육적 돌봄)

  • Jeung-Gwan Lee
    • Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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    • v.72
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    • pp.49-70
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study is to suggest a response and solution through Christian educational care to the crisis and change of the era of low birth rate faced by Korean society and the Korean church. This study proposes to find an alternative to the biblical aspect of pregnancy, childbirth, and parenthood as God's blessing for the demographic cliff and low birth rate problem that have become a reality in Korean society and churches. Being a parent in an age of low birth rate is very difficult, but on the other hand, it gives happiness and joy. Being a parent is a blessing from God, and is the most important and valuable thing in life. However, modern society emphasizes the right and necessity to choose one's own parenthood status. In the nuclear family, the decrease in the number of children, and the development of child research, parents feel more responsibility and economic burden for raising children than ever before. Therefore, it is a reality that the number of people who delay becoming parents or voluntarily do not have children is gradually increasing. To improve the perception of becoming a parent due to a decrease in responsibility for raising children, it is necessary to shed light on marriage, pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing from a Christian educational point of view. In addition, it is necessary to understand the recognition of being a parent and the characteristics of childbirth and rearing, and to analyze past and present value changes. This study will also discuss the causes of low birthrate and try to provide Christian educational care for childcare including solving the low birthrate problem.

Changes of Surface $M_2$ Currents as Observed by HF Radar Before and After Saemangeum Fourth Tidal Dyke Closing (새만금 4호 방조제 완성 전.후 HF 레이다로 관측된 표층 $M_2$ 조류의 변화)

  • Kim Chang-Soo;Lee Sang-Ho;Son Young-Tae;Kwon Hyo-Keun;Lee Kwang-Hee;Kim Young-Bae;Jeong Ou-Jin
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.37-48
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    • 2006
  • HF radar-derived current data obtained in 2002 and 2004 are analyzed to examine the effects of the completion of the Saemangeum 4th tidal dyke in June 2003, connecting Gogunsan-Gundo and Bieung-Do, on the coastal surface $M_2$ current pattern. Comparison between the currents by HF radar and current meter mooring showed good agreements. Counterclockwise rotation of the $M_2$ current in the observed area did not change with the dyke construction. Strong westward ebb jet from the gap of the dyke was observed in 2002 but disappeared in 2004. The complete closing of the dyke gap caused the current speed increase around the mouth of the Kem River estuary, decrease around Gogunsan-Gundo and the dyke, the changes in the direction of maximum current to north-ward from eastward and the delay of the maximum flood current occurrence around Gogunsan-Gundo and the dyke. Around Yeon-Do, the maximum flood current directed more clockwise and occurred rather earlier. These changes of the $M_2$ current ellipse characteristics imply that the effects of the dyke construction reached the area connecting Mal-Do and Yeun-Do.

Numerical Analysis of Electrical Resistance Variation according to Geometry of Underground Structure (지하매설물의 기하학적 특성에 따른 전기저항 변화에 대한 수치 해석 연구)

  • Kim, Tae Young;Ryu, Hee Hwan;Chong, Song-Hun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.49-62
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    • 2024
  • Reckless development of the underground by rapid urbanization causes inspection delay on replacement of existing structure and installation new facilities. However, frequent accidents occur due to deviation in construction design planned by inaccurate location information of underground structure. Meanwhile, the electrical resistivity survey, knowns as non-destructive method, is based on the difference in the electric potential of electrodes to measure the electrical resistance of ground. This method is significantly advanced with multi-electrode and deep learning for analyzing strata. However, there is no study to quantitatively assess change in electrical resistance according to geometric conditions of structures. This study evaluates changes in electrical resistance through geometric parameters of electrodes and structure. Firstly, electrical resistance numerical module is developed using generalized mesh occurring minimal errors between theoretical and numerical resistance values. Then, changes in resistances are quantitatively compared on geometric parameters including burial depth, diameter of structure, and distance electrode and structure under steady current condition. The results show that higher electrical resistance is measured for shallow depth, larger size, and proximity to the electrode. Additionally, electric potential and current density distributions are analyzed to discuss the measured electrical resistance around the terminal electrode and structure.

Recent Trends in Blooming Dates of Spring Flowers and the Observed Disturbance in 2014 (최근의 봄꽃 개화 추이와 2014년 개화시기의 혼란)

  • Lee, Ho-Seung;Kim, Jin-Hee;Yun, Jin I.
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.396-402
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    • 2014
  • The spring season in Korea features a dynamic landscape with a variety of flowers such as magnolias, azaleas, forsythias, cherry blossoms and royal azaleas flowering sequentially one after another. However, the narrowing of south-north differences in flowering dates and those among the flower species was observed in 2014, taking a toll on economic and shared communal values of seasonal landscape. This study was carried out to determine whether the 2014 incidence is an outlier or a mega trend in spring phenology. Data on flowering dates of forsythias and cherry blossoms, two typical spring flower species, as observed for the recent 60 years in 6 weather stations of Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) indicate that the difference spanning the flowering date of forsythias, the flower blooming earlier in spring, and that of cherry blossoms that flower later than forsythias was 30 days at the longest and 14 days on an average in the climatological normal year for the period 1951-1980, comparing with the period 1981-2010 when the difference narrowed to 21 days at the longest and 11 days on an average. The year 2014 in particular saw the gap further narrowing down to 7 days, making it possible to see forsythias and cherry blossoms blooming at the same time in the same location. 'Cherry blossom front' took 20 days in traveling from Busan, the earliest flowering station, to Incheon, the latest flowering station, in the case of the 1951-1980 normal year, while 16 days for the 1981-2010 and 6 days for 2014 were observed. The delay in flowering date of forsythias for each time period was 20, 17, and 12 days, respectively. It is presumed that the recent climate change pattern in the Korean Peninsula as indicated by rapid temperature hikes in late spring contrastive to slow temperature rise in early spring immediately after dormancy release brought forward the flowering date of cherry blossoms which comes later than forsythias which flowers early in spring. Thermal time based heating requirements for flowering of 2 species were estimated by analyzing the 60 year data at the 6 locations and used to predict flowering date in 2014. The root mean square error for the prediction was within 2 days from the observed flowering dates in both species at all 6 locations, showing a feasibility of thermal time as a prognostic tool.

Development of Evaluation Method of Regional Contractility of Left Ventricle Using Gated Myocardial SPECT and Assessment of Reproducibility (게이트 심근 SPECT를 이용한 좌심실의 국소탄성률 평가방법 개발 및 재현성 평가)

  • Lee, Byeong-Il;Lee, Dong-Soo;Lee, Jae-Sung;Kang, Won-Jun;Chung, June-Key;Lee, Myung-Chul;Choi, Heung-Kook
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.355-363
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: Regional contractility can be calculated using the regional volume change of left ventricle measured by gated myocardial SPECT image and curve of central artery pressure obtained from radial artery pressure data. In this study, a program to obtain the regional contractility was developed, and reproducibility of regional contractility measurement was assessed. Materials and Methods: Seven patients(male:female=5:2, $58{\pm}11.9$ years) with coronary artery diseases underwent gated Tc-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT twice without delay between two scans. Regional volume change of left ventricle was estimated using CSA (Cardiac SPECT Analyzer) software developed in this study. Regional contractility was iteratively estimated from the time-elastance curve obtained using the time-pressure curve and regional time-volume curve. Reproducibility of regional contractility measurement assessed by comparing the contractility values measured twice from the same SPECT data and by comparing those measured from the pair of SPECT data obtained from a same patient. Results: Measured regional contractility was $3.36{\pm}3.38{mm}Hg/mL$ using 15-segment model, $3.16{\pm}2.25{mm}Hg/mL$ using 7-segment model, and $3.11{\pm}2.57{mm}Hg/mL$ using 5-segment model. The harmonic average of regional contractility value was almost identical to the global contractility. Correlation coefficient of regional contractility values measured twice from the same data was greater than 0.97 for all models, and two standard deviations of contractility difference on Bland Altman plot were 1.5%, 1.0%, and 0.9% for 15-, 7-, and 5-segment models, respectively. Correlation coefficient of regional contractility values measured from the pair of SPECT data obtained from a same patient was greater than 0.95 for all models, and two standard deviations on Bland Altman plot were 2.2%, 1.0%, and 1.2%. Conclusion: Regional contractility of left ventricle measured using developed software in this study was reproducible. Regional contractility of left ventricle will be a new useful index for myocardial function after analysis of the clinical data.

Study on economic effects of outsourcing of food materials on the hotel kitchen - Focus on cooking Western food in the first class hotel - (식재료 아웃소싱이 경제적 주방에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 특1급호텔 양식조리를 중심으로 -)

  • 성태종
    • Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.45-69
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    • 2002
  • This study is designed to examine feasibility and limitation of outsourcing in cooking Western food in a hotel, to interpret importance of outsourcing(eg. outside order, outside procurement, outside supply) in a broad sense in order to reinforce the core capacity in the cooking department, and to know whether the cooking human power is efficiently used and how much the chefs recognize outsourcing of food materials. As many companies conduct restructuring to cut down its size, the reduction of human power led the Western food cooking in the hotel to lower core capacities, lower quality, and lower efficiency. In addition, the sagging morale of chefs undermined creativity. To change from the traditional kitchen to an economic kitchen needs to look into importance of outsourcing, cognitive attitude of chefs, relation with outside suppliers. Here suggests performance of positive changes in the structure The study examined feasibility and limitation of outsourcing in the hotel kitchen as well as chefs' cognitive attitude toward outsourcing of food materials to reinforce core capabilities of the hotel kitchen. 1. Companies of outsourcing are selected according to variability of price conditions, flexibility of contract conditions, popularity of the outsourcing company, and reputation of the outsourcing company. 2. The importance of outsourcing in the Western food cooking is divided into 4 factors such as standard of selecting outsourcing companies, policies of cooking manu, quality of cooking, and quantity of cooking. 3. The most feasible section in outsourcing of food materials is a process of kneading flour for bread, which shows that many Western-food chefs expect to put higher possibility of outsourcing on the kneading. In other words, when it comes to confectionery and bakery, there are many outside expert processing companies supplying high quality products. In the order of outsourcing feasibility, sauce is followed by processed vegetable, garnish of main dish, and soup. The least feasible section in outsourcing of food materials is appetize. Appetize includes a concept of a improvised dish and needs speed. Due to its color, freshness, and sensibility of taste, the appetize plays a key role in the Western food cooking. 4. When outsourcing is taken in place, the highest risk is to lower the inner cooking skills. Therefore chefs in charge of the Western food sequently recognize both internal problems including storage of cooking skills, unstability of layoffs, and loss of cooperation between departments, and external problems including inferior goods, difficulty of differentiating manu, delay of delivery, and expiration date. It shows that most of the Western food chefs consider risks of the internal problems at first. 5. A effective outsourcing needs appropriate selection of outsourcing companies, maintenance of credibility, active communication, check and management of hygiene. However regardless of their position or career, chefs in charge of the Western food have the same cognitive attitude toward selecting successful outsourcing companies after the outsourcing system is enforced. The core of cooking, or a final stage in the full process of so-called artistic cooking, should be treated with insourcing. Reduction of several cooking processes resulted in shortened cooking time, increased efficiency, faster cooking, cutting the waiting-lines, and finally more room for customers. The outsourcing system can reduce or eliminate the following processes in cooking: buying various food materials, checking, storing, preparing, and processing. Especially in the Western food cooking department of a hotel, the outsourcing system should be enforced to make an economic kitchen and to efficiently manage it. Wow it's time to change from the traditional kitchen to an economic kitchen in the hotel cooking department. For that, the cooking department should become a small but strong organization by outsourcing except its core work.

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Study on Image Quality Assessment in Whole Body Bone Scan (전신 뼈검사에서의 영상 평가 연구)

  • Kwon, Oh Jun;Hur, Jae;Lee, Han Wool;Kim, Joo Yeon;Park, Min Soo;Roo, Dong Ook;Kang, Chun Goo;Kim, Jae Sam
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.30-36
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    • 2015
  • Purpose Whole body bone scan, which makes up a largest percentage of nuclear medicine tests, has high sensitivity and resolution about bone lesion like osteomyelitis, fracture and the early detection of primary cancer. However, any standard for valuation has not yet been created except minimum factor. Therefore, in this study, we will analysis the method which show a quantitative evaluation index in whole body bone scan. Materials and Methods This study is conducted among 30 call patients, who visited the hospital from April to September 2014 with no special point of view about bone lesion, using GE INFINIA equipment. Enumerated data is measured mainly with patient's whole body count and lumbar vertabrae, and the things which include CNR (Contrast to Noise ratio), SNR (Signal to Noise ratio) are calculated according to the mean value signal and standard deviation of each lumbar vertabrae. In addition, the numerical value with the abdominal thickness is compared to each value by the change of scan speed and tissue equivalent material throughout the phantom examination, and compared with 1hours deleyed value. Completely, on the scale of ten, 2 reading doctors and 5 skilled radiologists with 5-years experience analysis the correlation between visual analysis with blind test and quantitative calculation. Results The whole body count and interest region count of patients have no significant correlation with visual analysis value throughout the blind test(P<0.05). There is definite correlation among CNR and SNR. In phantom examination, Value of the change was caused by the thickness of the abdomen and the scan speed. And The poor value of the image in the subject as a delay test patient could be confirmed that the increase tendency. Conclusion Now, a standard for valuation has not been created in whole body bone scan except minimum factor. In this study, we can verify the significant correlation with blind test using CNR and SNR and also assure that the scan speed is a important factor to influence the imagine quality from the value. It is possible to be some limit depending on the physiology function and fluid intake of patient even if we progress the evaluation in same condition include same injection amount, same scan speed and so on. However, that we prove the significant evaluation index by presenting quantitative calculation objectively could be considered academic value.

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