• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2002

천안시내에 식재된 가로수의 건강도를 진단하기 위하여 몇 가지 생리적 특성을 측정하고, 형성층 전기저항치와 생리적 특성들간의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 은행나무, 벚나무, 버드나무를 대상수종으로 선정하였고. 7월에 대상 수종의 하부 토양을 채취하여 탈수소효소 활성을 분석하였으며, 수관의 잎은 엽록소 함량, 질산환원 효소, 항산화효소(SOD) 활성을 분석하는데 이용하였다. 수목의 형성층 전기전항치는 5월, 7월, 9월에 측정하였다. 토양의 탈수소효소 활성은 도심지역에서 낮은 값을 나타내 토양 오염도를 반영하였으며. 엽록소 함량은 동서대로에 식재된 벚나무가 가장 낮았다. 은행나무의 질산환원효소 활성은 다른 수종보다 높았으며 도심지역에서 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 항산화효소인 SOD 활성은 도심에서 낮았다. 동서대로의 벚나무는 형성층 전기저항치가 지속적으로 상승하여 활력을 상실하였음을 보여주었다. 형성층 전기저항치는 질산환원효소($r^2$=-0.566) 및 SOD활성($r^2$=0.579)과 상관을 보임으로써 수목의 건강도 및 생리적 건강 상태를 진단하는데 유용할 것으로 판단되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.365-373
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• 1996

A survey was carried out to investigate the contamination of streams by the acid mine drainage originated from the abandoned coal mines and coal refuse piles. The physico-KDICical characteristics such as pH, sulfate and elements concentrations in the water and sediment in streams were analyzed. Microbial activity in the sediment was evaluated by measuring dehydrogenase activities. At sites contaminated by acid mine drainage, the pH of the water and sediment declined to acidic range from neutral due to the accumulation of sulfate. The dehydrogenase activity ranged from 12 to $170{\mu}g-TPF{\cdot}g-dry\;soil^{-1}{\cdot}24h^{-1}$ at the contaminated sites, whereas uncontaminated sites had activities of 1,176~4,259 ${\mu}g-TPF{\cdot}g-dry\;soil^{-1}{\cdot}24h^{-1}$. The dehydrogenase activity was significantly affected by low pH of the sediment, indicating that high concentration of sulfate inhibited microbial activity. The concentrations of heavy metals such as Pb and Fe in contaminated sdeiment (37~46 ppm Pb; 46,000~464,000 ppm Fe) were much higher than those in the uncontaminated sediment. The concentration of Al in the contaminated water acidfied by coal mine drainage was in the range of 11 to 42 ppm. Compared with those in the uncontaminated sediment, the concentrations of Mn, Mg and Ca in contaminated sediment were low because of the leaching from soil to water by the acidfied stream water.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1417-1424
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• 2011

This study was conducted to assess the relation between threonine (Thr) oxidation rate and threonine efficiency on rat and chicken fed with graded levels of protein and threonine. The increase in threonine content from 0.28 to 0.72% in a diet containing 12.0% crude protein (CP) caused a gradual increase in threonine dehydrogenase (TDG) activity in rat liver. Similar, but more pronounced results were observed after 18.0% CP in the diet. Both protein levels in combination with the highest level of threonine supplementation increased liver TDG activity significantly, indicating enhanced threonine catabolism. Parameters of efficiency of threonine utilization calculated from parallel nitrogen balance studies decreased significantly and indicated threonine oversupply after a maximum of threonine supplementation. At the lower levels of threonine addition the efficiency of threonine utilization was not significantly changed. In the chicken liver up to 0.60% true digestible threonine (dThr) in the 18.5% CP diet produced no effect on the TDG activity. However, TDG activity in the liver was elevated by the diet containing 22.5% CP (0.60% dThr) and the efficiency of threonine utilization decreased, indicating the end of threonine limiting range. In conclusion, the in vitro TDG activity in the liver of rat and growing chicken has an indicator function for the dietary supply of threonine.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2000

Several studies have shown that the stomach has sufficient alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity to metabolize some amount of orally administered alcohol and the sex-related differences in the first-pass metabolism of alcohol might be associated with differences in the activity of gastric ADH(GADH). The aim of this study was to asses the sex-related differences in GADH in 48 male and 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 1, 4, 10, 15, 20, and 30 weeks which each aged group had same sex ratio. The GADH activity was determined spectrophotometrically at 37$^{\circ}C$. The formation of NADH was monitored at 340nm for 10 minutes in the 1 ml of reaction mixture (0.5 M of Tris-HCl, pH 7.2 + 1.5 M of ethanol + 2.8 mM of NAD + 30 $\mu$l gastric mucosal supernatant). The GADH activity (nM of NADH/min/mg of cytosolic protein) was calculated using molecular extinction coefficient of 6.22 $\textrm{cm}^2$/$\mu$M for NADH. The GADH activities were 2.94$\pm$0.82 (n=48) in female rats and 3.34$\pm$2.17 (n=48) in male rats and had not significant difference between sex. However, the GADH activities were significantly (p<0.01) higher in female (1.91$\pm$0.59 and 3.30$\pm$0.49) than in male (0.68$\pm$0.43 and 1.92$\pm$0.81) of 1 and 4 weeks rats. However, it was significantly (p<0.05) higher in male (6.48$\pm$1.81, 3.65$\pm$1.04 and 5.13$\pm$1.30) than in female (4.23$\pm$1.23, 2.18$\pm$0.77 and 2.56$\pm$0.93) of 10, 20 and 30 weeks rats, respectively. Therefore, the results suggested that sex-related differences of the GADH activities in same aged rats were existed by age.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2013

Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 (KCTC 2353) 유전체로부터 mannitol dehydrogenase (SmMDH)로 추정되는 유전자를 클로닝하고, 대장균에서 대량 발현하였다. 이 유전자는 494개의 아미노산(약 54 kDa)을 암호화하는 1,485 bp의 염기로 구성되며, 기존에 보고된 long-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 계열 MDH 효소들과 약 35-55%의 아미노산 서열상동성을 나타내었다. 재조합 SmMDH의 최적 반응온도는 $40^{\circ}C$이며, pH 7.0의 조건에서 최대의 D-fructose 환원활성, 그리고 pH 9.0에서 최대의 D-mannitol 산화활성을 보였다. 특히, 이 효소는 $NAD^+/NADH$ 조효소의 존재 하에서 산화 환원 활성을 나타내며, $NAD^+/NADPH$는 조효소로 이용하지 못하였다. 결론적으로 SmMDH는 전형적인 $NAD^+/NADH$-의존형 mannitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.67)임을 확인하였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.200-207
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• 2009

Erythritol 생합성에 중요한 효소인 erythritol 4-phosphate dehydrogenase를 Penicillium sp. KJ81로부터 분리 정제하여 효소의 특성을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Erythritol 4-phosphate dehydrogenase의 최적 생산 조건은 30% sucrose, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, 0.1% $KH_2PO_4$ 그리고 0.05% $MgCl_2$ (pH 7.0) 배지에서 1 vvm aeration, 교반속도 200 rpm, $37^{\circ}C$로 Penicillium sp. KJ81을 배양한 결과 8일 배양 시 최대의 생산량을 보였다. Penicillium sp. KJ81주의 균체 추출액으로부터 ultrafiltration, 조제용 disc gel electrophoresis를 이용하여 erythritol 4-phosphate dehydrogenase를 분리 정제하였다. 최종 수율은 33%이었으며 정제배수는 39.5였다. 정제된 효소의 pI값은 4.6으로, erythrose 4-phosphate에 특이적으로 반응하였으며, Km값은 1.07mM이었다. Native-PAGE에서 single band를 보인 효소의 분자량은 약 1,500 kDa이었다. 효소활성의 최적 pH와 온도는 pH 7.0, $30^{\circ}C$였으며, 효소는 pH 4.0~9.0, 그리고 $30^{\circ}C$까지 안정하였다. 다양한 금속이온 중 $Cu^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$에 의하여 효소의 활성이 저해되었다. 다양한 아미노산 반응 잔기 변형시약 중 iodine과 NBS에 의해 효소의 활성이 저해되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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• pp.304-304
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• 1994

The possible mechanisms of ginseng saponins on the inhibition of development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence were investigated in the aspects of morphine metabolism by morphine 6-dehydrogenase. Administration of morphine causes a reduction of non-protein sulfhydryl contents in liver, because morphinone is metabolized from morphine by morphine 6-dehydrogenase conjugates with sulfhydryl compounds. However, ginseng saponins inhibited the activity of morphine 6-dehydrogenase which catalized the production of morphinone from morphine. In addition, ginseng' saponins inhibited the reduction of non-protein sulfhydryl levels by Increasing the level of hepatic glutathione. These results suggest that the dual action of the above plays an important role in the inhibition of development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence. On the other hand, it was observed that less polar components of ginseng saponins with parent structures were more active components in vitro.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2014

In vitro biological activities of Aloe vera gel and skin extracts were evaluated. Total polyphenol contents of Aloe vera skin were measured 41.12 mg/g. DPPH radical scavenging activity of Aloe vera skin-70% EtOH extract, Aloe vera skin-water extract, Aloe vera gel-70% EtOH extract and Aloe vera gel-water extract were 55%, 38%, 11% and 10%, respectively. In addition, 70% EtOH extract and water extract were compared with respect to SOD-like antioxidant activity of Aloe vera-70% EtOH extract has higher activity than Aloe vera water extract. Tyrosinase inhibition rate of Aloe vera gel extract was higher than Aloe vera skin extract. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) relative percentage activity of Aloe vera gel extract were 126% and 216%, respectively. It was suggested that Aloe vera gel and skin extracts could be used as a functional biomaterial for functional food and cosmetics.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2004

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on ethanol-metabolism. Sprague Dawley rats divided into 6 groups (n=8), fed with 10% ethanol and diets supplemented with each 1% of four plant extracts, ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ (as positive control) and fiber (as negative control) for 4 weeks. Group supplemented with plant extract of Ulmus davidiana showed the most high value (322 nM NADH/min/mg protein) in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity among the experimented groups $(144{\sim}312\;nM\;NADH/min/mg\;protein)$ at p<0.05. Groups fed with Lagerstroemia indica and Zelkova serrata extract-supplemented diets indicated high activity in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH, 16.7 & 12.3 M NADH/min/mg protein), which were comparatively lower than 20.1 M NADH/min/mg protein of ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ fed group. All of the groups fed with plant extracts indicated very low GPT activities $(13.9{\sim}17.3\;IU/l)$ compared to those (146.1 & 128.6 IU/l) fed with ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and fiber at p<0.05. From these results, it is suggested that Lagerstroemia indica have a potent ethanol-metabolizing activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2015

Pueraiae Radix (PR), Pueratia Folium (PF) and Sorbus commixta (SC) mixture, namely GS-SP (PR (1)/PF (2)/SC (0.5): v/v/v) was developed as hangover-relieving elixir and its effects on alcoholic metabolism have been investigated. The enzymatic activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of GS-SP was shown higher than those of single treatment with PR, PL, SC, and the positive control group (YM-808). The survival rate of mouse liver cell line NCTC clone 1469 in the presence of acetaldehyde was 30.6, 22.2, and 8.7% at the GS-SP dosage level of 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL respectively. Different concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of GS-SP showed efficient activity for ADH and ALDH than YM-808 in rat fed with 25% ethanol. The levels of blood alcohol and acetaldehyde after oral administration of 200 mg/kg of GS-SP showed efficient activity of 11.7% and 37% than those of YM-808. These results have been supported to the potential for GS-SP to serve as an excellent potential in providing hangover relief and liver protection.