• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.17-53
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• 1993

Pusan is the largest fishing port in Korea, and deals with more than I million ton of fish catches annually, including catches of coastal and off-shore fisheries as well as those of deep-sea fishery. However, it hen had no fishing port facilities specialized fer deep-sea fishery since it started 30 years ago. Economic and physical losses resulting from this have teen enormous. Although fishing port facilities are a part of infra-structures built by Governments, the construction of them has been delayed due to financial difficulties of Central or local governments. To overcome this harsh situation to which deep-sea fishery cooperations faced, some cooperations have decided to construct fishing port facilities including fish-pier specialized for deep-sea fishery in Gamcheon port. The construction expenses of these facilities were financed by private funds to which they themselves jointly contributed. As a result, a fish-[pier, which has the capacity of serving one fishing vessel of 10, 000 ton or four of 5, 000 ton or four of 1, 000 ton at the same time, will be opened in here by 1994. The paper examines the master plan to revitalize the deep-sea fisheries industry in a deep depression with the opening of these physical facilities. The framwork of the plan is pursued in two different aspects, which are both hardware and software. In a hardware aspect, the plan in to develop Pusan into a city which is suitable for one of the best fishing ports in the world. That is, it is to develop the city into a place famous for sightseeing as well as the distribution and processing of fish-products centering around fish-piers. On the other hand, in a software aspet, it is regarding improvement of the distribution system of fish-products. One way to do that is to make up some deficiencies of the current system of a producers' joint sale. And the other is to establish an exchange of fish-products futures. Through these institutions, we could abrsorb speculative funds, which would otherwise be invested in speculation on fish-products, into productive investment opportunities, We believe that if the plan is realized, the deep-sea fishery in Korea will revive from a long-tasted depression and make progress to become one of the mai industries of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2009

The stomach contents of Lumpenella longirostris, Malacocottus gibber and Bothrocara hollandi from the East Sea were examined to determine their feeding ecology. Specimens were caught seasonally from 2004 to 2006. The primary prey items of each species included crustaceans and mollusks. L. longirostris is a benthophage that primarily consumes bottom crustaceans and bivalves. M. gibber and B. hollandi are meso-pelagicphages that primarily consume amphipods and cephalopods. However, the species are opportunistic feeders that exploit the available prey in their habitat. The empty stomach ratio of the species is larger than that of offshore species (e.g. hairtail fish and yellow goose fish), and the prey diversity of the species evaluated in this study was much smaller than that of offshore species.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.238-256
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• 2004

As the UN Fish Stocks Agreement has come into effect since 2001, the actual enforceable management on fish stocks in high seas has started. The Regioanl Fisheries Organizations (RFOs) have emerged as management bodies with a real responsible right to manage fish stocks. RFOs establish a strong and strict management rules providing a fishing right only to member countries and preventing all fishing activities from fishing vessels of non-member countries. In addition, RFOs have an own allocation way of fishing opportunity in their waters so that they can prevent the depletion of fish stocks. It is investigated that deep-sea fisheries have a negative impact from strengthening of RFOs' management right. As the amount of catch is reduced by the control of fishing vessel's activities, the level of fishing revenue becomes low. Moreover, as fishing costs such as oil, fishing fees, labor cost increase significantly, the condition of fishing business is getting worse as a result. In order to gain a fishing right for deep-sea fishing vessels in RFOs waters, there is no other alternative way but become a member of RFOs which are relevant to our fisheries but not joined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

The investigation for species composition and catch in the Korean deep-water of the East Sea (also known as Sea of Japan) was carried out with trammel nets of 7 mesh sizes (6.1~24.2cm) offshore Donghae (2006) and Yangyang (2007) of Korea. The catches were 1,268kg and composed of 37 species between 200m and 1,200m in depth. The principal species caught were Taknka's snailfish, salmon snailfish, red snow crab, hunchback sculpin, snow crab, spinyhead sculpin, Tanaka's eelpout, Alaska cod and so on. Those were target fish for commercial value except salmon snailfish. The mesh sizes for the largest catch were 10.6cm and 15.2cm in the fishing ground of Donghae and Yangyang, respectively. The habitat of snow crab was shallower than that of red snow crab in both areas. Trammel net enabled to investigate fish in deep-water with small fishing vessel and rather cheap expenses in contrast to bottom trawl that required too much of it. With increasing inner mesh size of trammel net the mean size of some principal species such as Taknka's snailfish, spinyhead sculpin, hunchback sculpin, Pacific cod, snow crab, red snow crab and hybrid between snow crab and red snow crab tended to be large in certain range of mesh size.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.353-362
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• 2008

The fish species composition and variation in the Youngil Bay, East Sea of Korea, were investigated every month from January, 2001, to December, 2002, using gill nets for sample collection. A total of 63 fish species belonging to 31 families under 10 orders, and a total of 40 species belonging to 26 families under 8 orders, were identified in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Of these, the families Pleuronectidae (9 species), Scorpaenidae (8 species) and Cottidae (5 species) were dominant in 2001, whereas Pleuronectidae (4 species), Cottidae (3 species) and Hexagrammidae (3 species) were dominant in 2002. The number of species recovered was the highest in August, 2001 (34 species) and January and September, 2002 (14 species each), and lowest in May, 2001 (6 species) and December, 2002 (5 species). The principal component analysis for each year showed that fish species composition differed over time even within the same sample area. In addition, the relationship between PC scores and temperature showed a positive relationship in 2001, but a negative relationship in 2002.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Four entities of the Cenozoic fish fossils were discovered in the Miocene Duho Formation, Pohang, Korea. these fossils were identified as the first Pleuronectiformes in Korea based on the following-the presence of postcleithrum, the elongation of the first proximal pterygiophore of the anal fin ray, almost consistent presence of two proximal pterygiophore of the anal fin rays between the two adjacent hemal spines, the fusion of the first and second hypurals, the fusion of the third and fourth hypurals and the first preural centrum, the presence of well-developed anteriormost plate-like neural spine, the presence of the urohyal like fish-hook and its elongated sciatic part, and the division of the parahypural from the first preural centrum. On the other hand, geological studies about the Duho Formation consistently claimed that shallow-sea creatures were washed away by meteorological events such as a great flood and deposited at the bottom of deep-sea by the turbidity current. However, in Duho Formation, only shallow-sea ones have been discovered thus far. This study reported that Flat fish, deep-sea creature, was discovered in Duho Formation for the first time in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.507-528
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• 2015

The Fish Collection Project collected 356 fish species from the Southern Sea of Korea during 2010-2012, 55 more than previously collected. The fishes belonged to 3 classes, 29 orders and 128 families. The 5 dominant orders, Perciformes, Scorpaeniformes, Pleuronectiformes, Tetraodontiformes, and Clupeiformes, accounted for ~80% of the identified species. Additionally, 126 species were collected from the Southern Sea for the first time, while 85 species that had been found in previous collections were not seen. The species variety of fish in the Southern Sea may be influenced by its unique oceanographic conditions such as increased water temperatures in coastal areas, so regular surveys would assist our understanding of the fish community. We suggest that various collection methods, including diving, be used to collect fish species inhabiting rocky shore or deep-sea areas, where commercial fishing gear is difficult to deploy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.283-291
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• 1994

This paper describes about the behavior of the Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) in the setnet by telemetry techniques. The telemetry system consists of a pinger of 50KHz, three omni-directional hydrophones and ultrasonic receivers, a single board computer for the signal processing, two RF transceivers for the data comunication and a personnel computer. The fish tagged the pinger was tracked by the LBL method, and its location was calculated by the hyperbolic method. The fish escaped from sea surface to 7m deep right after release and had been swum near the sea surface after 30 minutes being released. Also, in horizontal movements, the fish stayed long time around the enterance of the square net in setnet, and showed the escaping behavior repeatly. The average speed of the fish was about 0.41m/sec(1.1 times of the body length)

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.529-541
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• 2015

We examined the species composition and community structure of demersal fish in the middle and southern coastal waters of the East Sea of Korea by surveying a commercial Danish seine fishery from 2010 to 2013. We considered the waters north of $37^{\circ}N$ as middle and those south of $37^{\circ}N$ as southern waters. A total of 79 demersal fish species belonging to 18 families were collected. Of these, 59 species (77.6%) inhabited only the East Sea as opposed to the West and South Seas of Korea, and most were resident species. The species and biomass were similar between the two portions of the study area. The sandfish Arctoscopus japonicus (78.0%) and the blackfin flounder Glyptocephalus stelleri (65.1%) were the most common species and accounted for the most biomass in the middle and southern waters, respectively. Fish were most abundant at shallow depths (50-100 m) in the middle portion of the East Sea. Using a cluster analysis, we divided the species composition and community structure at the sampling stations into three groups: middle portion (group A), deep area of the southern portion (group B), and shallow areas of the southern portion (group C). A. japonicas and G. stelleri were dominant in groups A and B, while G. stelleri and Clupea pallasii were dominant in group C.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-22
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• 1970

Our fisheries protucts industry has developed rapidly during past 10 years ; production was about twice: fihing fleets increased twice in number and 3 times in tonnage ; export was 5 times. Govermment is trying to develop deep sea fisheries in order to surmount the depression of coast fisheries. At present more than 270 deep sea fishing boats are working with superior skill to other country at the South Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, and the North Pacific Ocean. Our deep sea fisheries is consisted of the tuna long line and the trawler. The tuna long line of them has 230 crafts in 1969 ana the deep sea trawler has 40 crafts, too. Comparing to 1962, the number of the deep sea fishing boats has been increased highly to 54 times, 7.71 times average per year increasing rate. The rate of the tuna long line to the trawler at the end of 1969 shows 85:15, More than half of them are 100~200 (equation omitted), if we classify them according to (equation omitted) or boat craft. 70% of them has less than 5 years ships age. The Korean Marine Industry Development Corporation has more than 1/3 fishing fleets, with 91 crafts, if We consider it according to corporation. Considering it according to the financial resources, dependence upon foreign loan is as high as 88%. Catches was 74, 450 M/T ($24, 663, 000)at the end of November in 1969 and it was increased to 113.5 times in catch amount and 118 times in value, comparing to those of 1962. Considering it according to the ocean, the order is arranged to the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean. The average production amount of each craft is 250~400 S/T a year. The result of export took up 1/3 of total fisheries product export with $ 22, 398, 000 at the end of november in 1969. Employee cost of fishing coast is 8% higher than other fishing. The profit is highest in our fisheries. Most of the products except the trawler fishing are sofa at the fishing grounds to the processing company, and they lose much money. They buy most of bait from Japan, giving $8~10 for 1C/S(10kg). Fish price is $390~520 according to the kind of fish for S/T at the fishing grounds, and the rapid frozen fishes brought to Japan are about $ 800 for S/T. There is much difference. in price. Problems 1. Want of self capital. 2. To get the refrigeration boats enough. 3. International Fishing Regulation. 4. To get high price and to secure consuming grounds. 5. To get home-production of bait. 6. To exploit new fishing grounds. 7. To get larger boats. 8. To get mariner enough. When the problems mentioned above are solved, the Deep Sea Fisheries of oun courtry will be developed more largely.