• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.525-533
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• 2017

A new concept termed the Innovative Nuclear Power Plant Building Arrangement (INBA) strategy is a new nuclear power plant building arrangement method which encompasses upfront consideration of more efficient decommissioning. Although existing decommissioning strategies such as immediate dismantling and differed dismantling has the advantage of either early site restoration or radioactive decommissioning waste reduction, the INBA strategy has the advantages of both strategies. In this research paper, the concept and the implementation method of the INBA strategy will be described. Two primary benefits will be further described: (1) early site restoration; and (2) radioactive waste reduction. Several other potential benefits will also be identified. For the estimation of economic benefit, the INBA strategy, with two primary benefits, will be compared with the immediate dismantling strategy. The effect of a short life cycle nuclear power plant in combination with the INBA strategy will be reviewed. Finally, some of the major impediments to the realization of this strategy will be discussed.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2020

Background: Kori unit #1 is permanently shut down after a 40-year lifetime. The Nuclear Safety and Security Commission recommends establishing initial decommissioning plans for all nuclear and radwaste treatment facilities. Therefore, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) must establish an initial and final decommissioning plan for radwaste-treatment facilities. Radiation safety assessment, which constitutes one chapter of the decommissioning plan, is important for establishing a decommissioning schedule, a strategy, and cost. It is also a critical issue for the government and public to understand. Materials and Methods: This study provides a method for assessing external radiation dose to workers during decommissioning. An external dose is calculated following each exposure scenario, decommissioning strategy, and working schedule. In this study, exposure dose is evaluated using the deterministic method. Physical characterization of the facility is obtained by both direct measurement and analysis of the drawings, and radiological characterization is analyzed using the annual report of KAERI, which measures the ambient dose every month. Results and Discussion: External doses are calculated at each stage of a decommissioning strategy and found to increase with each successive stage. The maximum external dose was evaluated to be 397.06 man-mSv when working in liquid-waste storage. To satisfy the regulations, working period and manpower must be managed. In this study, average and cumulative exposure doses were calculated for three cases, and the average exposure dose was found to be about 17 mSv/yr in all the cases. Conclusion: For the three cases presented, the average exposure dose is well below the annual maximum effective dose restriction imposed by the international and domestic regulations. Working period and manpower greatly affect the cost and entire decommissioning plan; hence, the chosen option must take account of these factors with due consideration of worker safety.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.43-48
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• 2002

연구로 1호기와 2호기의 해체 DB 구축을 위한 정보전략계획(ISP: Information Strategy Planning)연구가 수행되었다. 해체 DB 구축 범위를 설정하기 위해 사용자 요구사항과 정보 자료 중요도를 분석하였고, 해체 DB 개념을 정립하였으며, 해체와 관련한 정보 및 자료들의 분류 체계를 확립하였다. 해체와 관련한 20여종의 자료 수집과 연구로 1, 2호기 시설방문을 통한 시설조사 및 현황, 그리고 연구로 해체 설계자와 방사성폐기물 관리 전문가, 방사선안전관리 전문가와의 면담을 통하여 해체 시설정보, 작업자 정보, 폐기물 정보, 그리고 방사선학적 정보를 도출하였다. 또한 해체 정보들을 코드화하였다. 연구를 통하여 얻어진 해체 데이터 모델링 결과와 해체 정보들에 대한 분류 체계 결과는 해체 DB Prototype 설계를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2024

According to the market research report, the nuclear decommissioning services market is currently experiencing considerable growth, with a projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of nearly 13% during the 2020-2024 forecast period. This expansion is primarily fueled by the advancement of Industry 4.0, in conjunction with the emergence of cutting-edge technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, and 5G. Even though the fact that robots have already been utilized in the nuclear industry, their adoption has been hindered by conservative regulations. However, the nuclear decommissioning market presents an opportunity for the advancement of robotics technology. The British have already invested heavily in encouraging the use of intelligent robots for nuclear decommissioning, and other countries, such as Taiwan, should follow suit. Taiwan's flourishing robotics development industry in manufacturing, logistics, and other domains can be leveraged to introduce advanced robotics in the decommissioning of its nuclear power plants. By doing so, Taiwan can establish itself as a competitive player in the nuclear decommissioning services market for the next two decades.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2018

This paper discusses decommissioning procedure requirements management using requirement engineering to systematically manage the technical requirements and criteria that are required in decontamination and decommissioning activities, and the regulatory requirements that should be complied with in a decommissioning strategy for research reactors and nuclear power plants. A schema was designed to establish the traceability and change management related to the linkage between the regulatory requirements and technical criteria after classifying the procedures into four groups during the full life-cycle of the decommissioning. The results confirmed that the designed schema was successfully traced in accordance with the regulatory requirements and technical criteria required by various fields in terms of decontamination and decommissioning activities. In addition, the changes before and after the revision of the Nuclear Safety Act were also determined. The dismantling procedure requirement management system secured through this study is expected to be a useful tool in the integrated management of radioactive waste, as well as in the dismantling of research reactor and nuclear facilities.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2014

원자력발전을 지속가능한 에너지원으로 활용하기 위해서는 원전 해체 및 운영 과정에서 발생하는 방사성폐기물의 안전하고 효율적인 처분이 매우 중요하다. 방사성폐기물 종류는 다양하지만 해체과정에서 가장 많이 발생할 것으로 예상되는 극저준위방사성폐기물 인수기준수립은 원전해체전략수립에 큰 영향을 줄 것으로 보인다. 본 연구에서는 영국과 미국의 극저준위방사성폐기물처분장 인수기준을 경주에 건설 중인 원자력환경센터의 인수기준과 비교분석을 통해 향후 우리나라 극저준위방사성폐기물 처분을 위한 폐기물 인수기준을 분석하고자 한다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.65-98
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• 2022

The nuclear legacy that remains in the United Kingdom (UK) is complex and diverse. Consisting of legacy ponds and silos, redundant reprocessing plants, research facilities, and non-standard or one-off reactor designs, the clean-up of this legacy is under the stewardship of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). Through a mix of prompt and delayed decommissioning strategies, the NDA has made great strides in dealing with the UK's nuclear legacy. Fuel debris and sludge removal from the legacy ponds and silos situated at Sellafield, as part of a prompt decommissioning strategy for the site, has enabled intolerable risks to be brought under control. Reactor defueling and waste retrievals across the Magnox fleet is enabling their transition to a period of care and maintenance; accelerated through the adopted 'Lead and Learn' approach. Bespoke decommissioning methods implemented by the NDA have also enabled the relevant site licence companies to tackle non-standard reactor designs and one-off wastes. Such approaches have potential to influence and shape nuclear decommissioning decision making activities globally, including in Korea.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.442-449
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• 2017

Risk management of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station decommissioning is a great challenge. In the present study, a risk management framework has been developed for the decommissioning work. It is applied to fuel assembly retrieval from Unit 3 spent fuel pool. Whole retrieval work is divided into three phases: preparation, retrieval, and transportation and storage. First of all, the end point has been established and the success path has been developed. Then, possible threats, which are internal/external and technical/societal/management, are identified and selected. "What can go wrong?" is a question about the failure scenario. The likelihoods and consequences for each scenario are roughly estimated. The whole decommissioning project will continue for several decades, i.e., long-term perspective is important. What should be emphasized is that we do not always have enough knowledge and experience of this kind. It is expected that the decommissioning can make steady and good progress in support of the proposed risk management framework. Thus, risk assessment and management are required, and the process needs to be updated in accordance with the most recent information and knowledge on the decommissioning works.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 Proceedings of The 6th korea-china joint workshop on nuclear waste management
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• pp.290-299
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• 2005

Two decommissioning projects are carried out at the KAERI (Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute), one for the Korea research reactors, KRR-1 and KRR-2, and another for the uranium conversion plant (UCP). The concept of the management of the wastes from the decommissioning sites was reviewed with a relation of the decommissioning strategies, technologies for the treatment and the decontamination, and the characteristics of waste. All the liquid waste generated from KRR-1 and KRR-2 decommissioning site is evaporated by a solar evaporation facility and all the liquid waste from the UCP is treated together with lagoon sludge waste. The solid wastes from the decommissioning sites are categorized into three groups; not contaminated, restricted releasable and radioactive waste. The not-contaminated waste will be reused and/or disposed at an industrial disposal site, and the releasable waste is stored for the future disposal at the KAERI. The radioactive waste is packed in containers, and will be stored at the decommissioning sites till they are sent to a national repository site. The reduction of the radioactive solid waste is one of the strategies for the decommissioning projects and could be achieved by the repeated decontamination. By the achievement of the minimization strategy, the amount of radioactive waste was reduced and the disposal cost will be reduced, but the cost for manpower, for direct materials and for administration was increased.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017년도 춘계학술논문요약집
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• pp.317-318
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• 2017