• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 1994

Fluorescence time decay of human aorta has been measured at 380, 440, 480 nm using 320 nm excitation and time-correlated single photon counting technique. Fluorescence decay was found to be nonexponential at all emission frequencies. The normal and diseased sample showed significantly different fluorescence behaviors at 380 nm while this time decay difference was decreased in the fluorescence at 440 and 480 nms. The decay data were multiexponential and were analyzed with two exponential decay constants. The fluorescence decays were compared with and analyzed in terms of collagen and elastin.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2007

The dynamic false contour noise was analyzed with consideration for the phosphor decay time of an ac PDP by computer simulation based on the measurement of the 1/10 phosphor decay times of the primary colors red, green and blue at the main wavelengths of each phosphor. The noise level of dynamic false contour is strongly dependent on phosphor decay time. The noise level decreases incrementally with the phosphor decay time, whereas the noise width increases. The moving velocity of an object does not affect the noise level. The entire experiment was performed under the condition of 8 subfields ADS driving scheme, 2.5[${\mu}sec$] scan speed, and 5[${\mu}sec$] sustain period with VGA grade panel.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2014

It is important to predict chlorine decay with different water purification processes and distribution pipeline materials, especially because chlorine decay is in direct relationship with the stability of water quality. The degree of chlorine decay may affect the water quality at the end of the pipeline: it may produce disinfection by-products or cause unpleasant odor and taste. Sand filtrate and dual media filtrate were used as influents in this study, and cast iron (CI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and stainless steel (SS) were used as pipeline materials. The results were analyzed via chlorine decay models by comparing the experimental and model parameters. The models were then used to estimate rechlorination time and chlorine decay time. The results indicated that water quality (e.g. organic matter and alkalinity) and pipeline materials were important factors influencing bulk decay and sand filtrate exhibited greater chlorine decay than dual media filtrate. The two-component second-order model was more applicable than the first decay model, and it enabled the estimation of chlorine decay time. These results are expected to provide the basis for modeling chlorine decay of different water purification processes and pipeline materials.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2000

Ventilation rates can be measured directly by a tracer decay method, although little is known of the effects of different sampling intervals on decay rte calculations. This study determined variations in decay rates calculated by three techniques using residential ozone decay data. The calculation techniques were a regression technique, decay techniques using half-life and average-life, and finite difference techniques using two different time intervals. Variation associated with regression technique calculations for residential ozone decay rates based on data from both sample intervals were within 10% (2.81$\pm$1.88 hr-1). However, both half-life and finite difference technique calculations using a shorter-time interval were significantly different from those obtained with the regression technique(p<0.05). Therefore, the use of short sampling intervals in tracer decay may cause significant error in decay rate calculations.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2017

In order to solve this sort of electrostatic failure in Display and Semiconductor process, Soft X-ray ionizer is mainly used. Soft X-ray Ionizer does not only generate electrical noise and minute particle but also is efficient to remove electrostatic as it has a wide range of ionization. There exist variable factors such as type of tungsten thickness deposited on target, Anode voltage etc., and it takes a lot of time and financial resource to find optimal performance by manufacturing with actual X-ray tube source. Here, MCNPX (Monte Carlo N-Particle Extended) is used for simulation to solve this kind of problem, and optimum efficiency of X-ray generation is anticipated. In this study, X-ray generation efficiency was compared according to target material thickness using MCNPX and actual X-ray tube source under the conditions that tube voltage is 5 keV, 10 keV, 15 keV and the target Material is Tungsten(W). At the result, In Tube voltage 5 keV and distance 100 mm, optimal target thickness is $0.05{\mu}m$ and fastest decay time appears + decay time 0.28 sec. - deacy time 0.30 sec. In Tube voltage 10keV and distance 100 mm, optimal target Thickness is $0.16{\mu}m$ and fastest decay time appears + decay time 0.13 sec. - deacy time 0.12 sec. In the tube voltage 15 keV and distance 100 mm, optimal target Thickness is $0.28{\mu}m$ and fastest decay time appears + decay time 0.04 sec. - deacy time 0.05 sec.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1999

The safety-evaluation of ancient wood structures has been executed with only visual inspection. The application of NDE(nondestructive evaluation) is required because the visual inspection has many restrictions. Among many NDE techniques, the stress wave technique was used in this research. This study focused on evaluating the extent of decay in members of ancient structures, using stress wave nondestructive technique. For application of stress wave technique to ancient structures, the threshold time which divides members into categories according to degree of decay should be determined in advance. Stress wave timer (Metriguard Model 239A) was used in this study, specimens used in this research were the members obtained from six ancient structures. All specimens were identified as Hard Pine(Pinus densiflora S. et Z. or Pinus thunbergii P.) by microscope. Each member was tested with stress wave passing radially through the pith. In this study, the stress wave time of $12{\mu}s$/cm could distinguish between sound and decayed specimens with accuracy of 77.5 percent. Also, decayed specimens could be separated into moderate and severe categories by stress wave time of $20{\mu}s$/cm. Among the three decay location groups (exterior, mixed, interior), the exterior group could be classified into sound, moderate and severe decay with the greatest accuracy. Stress wave transit time was not sensitive to small decay pockets located in interior of the member.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2006

P-modulation doping된 In(Ga)As/InGaAsP 양자점에서의 decay time 특성을 undoped 양자점 시료와의 비교를 통해 살펴보았다. 10 K 에서의 photoluminescence (PL) 세기는 doping 된 양자점이 doping되지 않은 양자점에 비해 약 10배 정도 약하게 나왔다. 또한 Time resolved PL (TR-PL) 실험을 통해 얻은 양자점 시료의 기저상태 PL peak 에서의 decay time은 doping된 양자점이 doping 되지 않은 양자점에 비해 매우 짧게 나왔다. 이러한 PL 세기와 decay time 특성을 통해서 본 연구에서 측정한 doping 된 양자점의 경우에는 doping에 의해 결함이 증가하게 되고, 그로 인해 운반자의 비발광 경로가 증가하게 되어 doping 된 양자점의 경우에 decay time이 짧게 나타나는 것으로 분석하였다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.421-426
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• 1997

'96년 중반 포괄적 핵실험 금지조약(Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty:CTBT)의 체결이후 전세계적으로 핵실험 감시장치망을 구축하고 있는데, 이에 대응하여 한국원자력연구소에서는 국제기술사양에 만족하는 원거리 대기핵종 감시 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 원거리에서 날라온 공기중 부유입자를 포집하여 핵실험시 누출될 수 있는 방사성 핵종의 농도를 측정하는 장치이다. 그 운용을 위해서는 포집 및 분석능력의 척도라고 할 수 있는 시스템의 최소검출 방사능농도 (minimum detectable concentration:MDC)의 결정이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최적화된 시료붕괴시간(decay time)에서의 MDC값을 결정하기 위하여 sampling time을 48시간, counting time을 6시간으로 하고, 6시간의 다른 decay time에 따라 실험을 수행하였다. 국제기술사양에서 요구하는 13개 핵종에 대해 decay time에 따른 각각의 MDC값을 구하였으며, 국제기술사양 권고치와 비교하였다. 비교결과 decay time이 12시간일 때 가장 국제기술사양 권고치를 만족한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.529-536
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• 2016

In this paper we proposed an unsupervised algorithm to estimate the reverberation time (RT) directly from the reverberant speech signal. For estimation process we use maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) which is a very well-known and state of the art method for estimation in the field of signal processing. All existing RT estimation methods are based on the decay rate distribution. The decay rate can be obtained either from the energy envelop decay curve analysis of noise source when it is switch off or from decay curve of impulse response of an enclosure. The analysis of a pre-existing method of reverberation time estimation is the foundation of the proposed method. In one of the state of the art method, the reverberation decay is modeled as a Laplacian distribution. In this paper, the proposed method models the reverberation decay as a Gamma distribution along with the unification of an effective technique for spotting free decay in reverberant speech. Maximum likelihood estimation technique is then used to estimate the RT from the free decays. The method was motivated by our observation that the RT of a reverberant signal when falls in specific range, then the decay rate of the signal follows Gamma distribution. Experiments are carried out on different reverberant speech signal to measure the accuracy of the suggested method. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method performs better and the accuracy is high in comparison to the state of the art method.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.220-230
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• 2017

In this study we apply and compare a variety of numerical methods for calculating residence time distribution in decay tanks, a major design component in the for reducing N-16 radioactivity. Our research group has used a streamlined method using user-defined particle numbers. However, this streamlined method has several problems, including low exiting particle ratios, particle diminishing, and unphysical time distribution, among others. We utilize three numerical methods to establish residence time and time distribution (streamlined, discrete phase method [DPM], and user defined scalar [UDS]) and subsequently compare the averaged results of each. The three tests demonstrate the flow features within the decay tanks, which are then numerically simulated to enable comparison. We conclude that although each simulation predicts similar time averages, the UDS methodology provides a smoother time distribution and tracer contour plots at specific times.