• 제목/요약/키워드: Death Preparation

검색결과 113건 처리시간 0.022초

인삼 뿌리썩음병 발병에 미치는 토양전염성병원균과 토양환경요인 (Soil Environment and Soil-borne Plant Pathogen Causing Root Rot Disease of Ginseng)

  • 신지훈;윤병대;김혜진;김시주;정덕영
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.370-376
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    • 2012
  • Disease is the major problem in ginseng cultivation from seed stratification, soil preparation prior to planting, right through to drying of the roots. There are many soil-borne disease pathogen in rhizosphere soil environment, furthermore occurrence of diseases by a diverse group of fungi and related organisms are closely related to various soil condition. Observable symptoms for soil-borne diseases include wilting, leaf death and leaf fall, death of branches and limbs and in severe cases death of the whole plant. The fungus Cylindrocarpon destructans is the cause of root rot characterized by a decay of the true root system in many ginseng production areas in Korea. Some pathogens are generally confined to the juvenile roots whilst others are capable of attacking older parts of the root system. However, the relation between the soil environmental characteristics and ginseng root rot by soil-borne disease pathogen is not clearly identified in ginseng field. In this paper, we reviewed soil-borne plant pathogen causing root rot disease of ginseng with respect to soil environment.

중년여성의 자아존중감과 자기효능감이 노후생활 준비행동에 미치는 영향 (An Effect of Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy in Middle-Aged Women's on the Behavior for Preparing Their Old Age)

  • 박지영
    • 보건의료산업학회지
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.257-270
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    • 2014
  • This article tried to find how they foster their emotion and promote their health, as examining the effect of self-esteem and self-efficacy on self-esteem and self-efficacy in middle-aged women. This paper conducted a survey for women in 40 50s who live in Daegu Metropolitan for one month from the 1st of May, 2013. As the result of analysis on primary factor, it was classified into 5factors of organizing such as the physical behavior for preparing their old age, the behavior for preparing their old age of participation in social activities, the behavior for preparing their old age of preparing death, the emotional behavior for preparing their old age and the economic behavior for preparing their old age. The self-efficacy had the positive effect on the physical, emotional and economic behavior for preparing their old age, on the other hand, the self-esteem and the self-efficacy had the positive effect on the behavior for preparing their old age of participation in social activities and of preparing death. It can be said to be more important that the middle aged-women have to make an effort to develop self-esteem and self-efficacy for improving the behavior for preparing their old age, in addition, this article suggests to develop a systematic program that may inspire a belief for the behavior that needs to get the desired result, and to require continuing interest.

남성 노인의 사별 경험에 관한 내러티브 탐구 (A Narrative Inquiry on the Experience of Bereavement to an Elderly Male)

  • 김서현
    • 한국노년학
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.103-123
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구의 목적은 남성 노인이 사별 후 어떻게 살아가는지를 탐구하고, 그에 따른 경험의 본질을 파악하는 것이다. 연구자는 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 사별 후 혼자 살고 있는 남성 노인 3명을 연구 참여자로 선정했으며, 심층 면담을 통해 자료를 수집했다. 자료 분석은 Clandinin과 Connely(2000)가 제시한 내러티브의 삼차원적 공간을 바탕으로 이루어졌으며 공통적 경험의 의미를 다섯 가지로 재구성하였다. 연구결과 '죄인의 삶이지만 남에게는 홀아비처럼 보이고 싶지 않음', '죽음에 대한 두려움 그리고 죽음 이후를 위한 준비', '자녀가 있어 생을 놓지 못하고 버팀', '침울한 삶에 활기를 찾기 위해 세상으로 들어감', '사회적 온정을 찾아 헤매는 짝 잃은 외기러기'라는 공통의 주제가 도출되었다. 공통 주제를 바탕으로 탐구한 경험의 본질은 '한쪽 날개가 꺾였지만, 다시 비상하기 위해 살아내려는 몸부림'임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 남성 노인의 사별 경험을 시간의 연속성 차원에서 탐구하고, 사별 후 자신의 생을 살아내기 위해 이루어지는 개인 내적 사회적 상호작용을 살펴본 점에서 중요한 의의가 있다.

중노년층의 좋은 죽음에 대한 인식: 유형화를 중심으로 (A Study of Perceptions among Middle-aged and Older Koreans about Dying Well: Focusing on Typology)

  • 이선희;정경희
    • 한국노년학
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.305-323
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 좋은 죽음에 대한 사회적 관심을 반영하여 국내에 거주하는 중노년층이 인식하는 좋은 죽음이 무엇인가에 주목하였다. 구체적으로 중노년층의 좋은 죽음 인식을 유형화하고 그 특성을 파악하는 것에 목적을 둔다. 이를 위해 2018년 한국보건사회연구원에서 수집된 '웰다잉에 관한 전국민 인식조사' 데이터를 활용하여 중노년층의 좋은 죽음 인식유형을 잠재집단분석(LCA)을 통해 유형화하였으며, 기술통계 및 교차분석 등을 통해 유형별 인구사회학적 특성을 파악하였다. 연구결과, 소극적 인식형, 다층적 준비형, 현세중심적·죽음준비형의 3개 유형이 도출되었다. 도출된 유형들은 죽음의 가시성, 죽음의 여정에 대한 관점, 마지막으로 죽음이 갖는 사회적 관계성을 바탕으로 다층화 되었으며, 이러한 유형은 성별 및 주관적 건강상태에 따라 차이를 보였다. 이를 통해 우리 사회 웰다잉 구현을 위해 개인적·사회적 차원의 인식개선, 당사자 및 가족의 죽음준비를 위한 종합적 지원, 임종기 의료비 및 간병비 경감 등을 위한 제도 마련, 죽음의 자기결정권 확보를 위한 기반 구축 등의 정책적 제언을 제시하였다.

사고로 남편을 잃은 여성의 경험 (A Study on Woman's Experience of Being Bereaved of Her Husband by an Accident)

  • 박성학;최미혜;정연강
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.294-312
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    • 1996
  • Relatively young widows, who are left with young children by a sudden death of their husbands, will be faced with not only psychological troubles such as individual anxiety and frustration but also the dual burden of playing both father and mother roles in a family, Also, family members have difficulty in adapting themselves to new circumstances of the family system, the training and raising of family members, and management of the family economy. In this study, the realistic resources on the experience of middle-aged women who are bereaved of their husbands by accidents were explored. The purpose of this study is to help widows adapt to life in society and live a more positive life by setting a new goals and recovering from a lost and twisted life. 11 women, who have experienced the loss their husbands and live in the Seoul metropolitan area were studied. The research took 116 days from December 15, 1995 to April 8, 1996. The method of research was direct interviews. While having interviews with them, the contents were recorded with their consent. The ground theory was that used by Strauss & Corbin(1990) in the analysis of the data. 81 concepts were analyzed and they were subdirided into 22 subordinate categories through the course of the analysis. These were then classified into 9 general categories. In the course of being categorized, 'absurdity' was showed as a core category. The subordinate categories 'surprise', 'gloom', 'grudge', 'helplessness', 'emptiness', and 'loss' were united in the core category 'absurdity'. Ominous presentiment, belated notice, death, surprise, gloom, grudge, helplessness, emptiness, loss, the situation of the children, lack of support from neighbors, support from neighbors, mulling over ways to live, choosing a job, strengthening, reinforcement, burden, sadness, smoldering, yearning, overcoming these 22 subordinate categories were re-composed into 9 general ones the husband's death, absurdity, presence of children, existence of support, self-support ability, preparation of countermeasures, self-reinforcement, toilsomeness, and overcoming. 'Absurdity' widows experience was shown in the results of 'toilsomeness' and 'overcoming' through reaction, confrontation, and adaptation. According to the analysis the central phenomenon was absurdity, the causal condition of the death of a husband, the presence of children and the existence of support, and the meditated situation of self-support. To solve absurdity, the preparation of countermeasures and self-reinforcements were shown resulting in toilsomeness and overcoming. Through the contrast in the data, the following statements were deduced: (1) If the death of the husband is expected, the more a widow will feel absurdity. (2) The more children she has and the younger she is, the more a widow will feel absurdity. (3) The lower support she is given, the more a widow will feel absurdity. (4) The larger self-ability she has, the more actively she will prepare countermeasures. (5) The smaller self-ability she has, the more passively she will prepare countermeasures. (6) The larger self-ability she has, the weaker self-reinforcement she will preform. (7) The smaller self-ability she has, the stronger self-reinforcement she will perform. (8) The more actively she prepares countermeasures for absurdity, the better she will overcome. (9) The more passively she prepares counter measure for absurdity, the worse she will overcome. (10) The stronger self-reinforcement for absurdity she performs, the better she will overcome. (11) The weaker self-reinforcement for absurdity she performs, the worse she will overcome. Through the results in this study, the following suggested: 1) A study whose object is all family members, and a comparative study on the case of a husband who has lost his wife should be done. These studies can be expected to develop a more refined theory. 2) Because of the collapse of the extended family system and the changes of family culture in Korea, a widow's status and position are apt to be ambiguous between her husband's home and her parent's. Therefore a new study on family culture should be made. 3) A continuous study on growing social Self Help Groups should be requested for the widows of this study to re-establish and recover from their twisted and scattered lives.

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서울시 일 지역 주민의 인생회고 및 죽음준비 인식 (Community Dwellers' Perception of Past Life Recollection and Preparation for Death)

  • 강경아;이경순;박강원;김용호;장미자;이은
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.81-90
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    • 2011
  • 목적: 본 연구는 서울시 노원구 주민을 대상으로 자신의 인생회고 및 품위 있는 죽음에 대한 인식 정도를 파악하고자 수행되었다. 방법: 본 연구는 서울시 노원구에 거주하는 40대 이상 성인을 대상으로 설문에 참여할 것을 서면 동의한 160명의 자료가 분석되었다. 본 연구팀에 의해 개발된 설문지는 내용타당도 검증절차를 통해 일부 문항이 수정되었으며, 설문내용은 총 28문항이었다. 수집된 자료는 서술적 통계방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 대상자들이 가장 힘들었다고 회고하는 연령대는 30~40대였고 반면 가장 보람되었다고 생각하는 기간도 30~40대였다. 가장 힘든 인생고비경험에서, 개인적으로는 가족이 건강을 잃었을 때, 부부 및 자녀와의 갈등이 가장 힘들었던 사건으로 회고하고 있었고, 가장 힘들었던 사회관계는 삶에 대한 상실감 경험, 실패, 친척 및 친구의 배신 등 이었으며, 가장 보람되었다고 회고하는 내용에서, 개인적 사건은 목표성취, 인생의 역경 극복이었고, 가족관계에서는 자녀로 인한 즐거움이 월등히 높았고, 사회관계에서는 직업을 통한 사회공헌, 봉사활동, 성실한 종교생활이었다. 가장 후회하는 삶의 경험에는, 자신의 삶에서는 목적 없이 바쁘게만 살아온 것, 여유 있는 시간을 갖지 못한 것이었고, 부모형제관계에서는 부모의 뜻을 잘 살피지 못하고 많은 시간을 갖지 못한 것과 형제들과 불화이었으며, 자녀와의 관계에서는 올바로 훈육하지 못한 것과, 사랑을 많이 주지 못한 것이었다. 직장 및 사회관계에서는 원하는 직업을 갖지 못한 것과 관계보다는 일 중심으로 살아온 것과 대인관계 기술부족이 두드러진 회고내용이었으며 건강에 관해서는 운동이 부족한 점 등이었다. 대상자들이 인식하고 있는 임종과 죽음준비에 대한 내용으로, 약 60%에서 자신의 종교에 대한 강한 믿음을 가지고 있었고, 약 50%에서 종교에 따른 내세관을 소유하고 있었다. 무의미한 연명치료로 생명을 연장하는 상황에 처했을 경우, 약 87% 이상에서 본인 및 가족의 경우 모두 무의미한 연명치료 중단 의사를 가지고 있었으며, 불치의 질병인 경우 진단을 정확히 말해주기 원함, 유언장 및 사전의료의향서 작성하기 원함이 4점 척도 중 약 3.1점 이상으로 높게 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구결과를 토대로 중 노년층을 위한 죽음 준비교육 내용 중 인생회고 시간에서는 과거의 경험을 후회하는 사건이 아닌 일어난 사실 그대로 받아들이며 자신의 삶으로 통합하도록 돕는 기회가 주어져야 하며, 사전의료의향서를 작성함으로 연명치료 중단, 심폐소생술 금지, 임종 장소 등 자기결정권이 부여되는 품위 있는 죽음을 준비할 수 있도록 하는 수요자 중심의 죽음 준비교육을 제공해야 하겠다.

Bacteriocins: Assay, Biochemistry, and Mode of Action

  • Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.269-277
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    • 1996
  • Bacteriocins are proteins produced by a heterogeneous group of bacteria that have a bactericidal effect on closely related organisms. Recently, bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria and other food-related organisms have been the subject of much research because of their potential as food biopreservatives. Various modifications of agar plate diffusion assays are the most widely used methods even though the limitations of such assays are generally recognized. The ability to obtain a concentrated crude preparation on bacteriocin by optimizing production parameters greatly simplifies recovery of bacteriocin on subsequent purification steps. Some studies performed to optimize bacteriocins have been purified to homogeneity, and the amino acid sequences of many of these purified bacteriocins have been determined. Obtaining characterization data on purified bacteriocin will minimize the risk of overlapping of research and confusion on identification of these compounds. Several me-chanisms leading to cell death have been hypothesized. These include depletion of the proton motive force(PMF) across the cell membrane: RNase and/or DNase activity within the sensitive cell; and pore formation and lysis of sensitive cells at the cell membrane.

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보육시설 안전사고 예방과 보상에 대한 부모와 보육시설장의 인식 (Perceptions of Parents and Directors on Safety, Injury Prevention, and Compensation at Child-care Centers)

  • 김혜금
    • 아동학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2009
  • This research examined perceptions of parents and directors of child-care centers about safety, injury prevention, and range and level of compensation. Subjects were 285 parents and 297 directors of child-care centersin Kyunggi Province.Data were analyzed by t-test. Results showed differences between perceptions of parents and directors : parents considered the content and frequency of safety education to be more important; directors considered preparation for safety and safety management of equipment for injury prevention to be more important. Parents thought that range of compensation should include travel to and from the child-care center; directors thought that range of compensation should include sudden infant death. There was no difference between parents and directors regarding amount, subject, and process of compensation.

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보두산(寶豆散)에 의한 SNU-1 세포의 Apoptosis 유도와 Cell cycle arrest (Herb medicine Bo-du-san induces caspase dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest human gastric cancer cells, SNU-1)

  • 윤현정;서교수;최재우;이현우;허숙경;박원환;박선동
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2007
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bo-du-san (BOS) on apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells, SNU-l cells. BOS, a drug preparation consisting of two herbs, that is, Crotonis Fructus (Strychni ignatii Semen, bodu in Korean) and Glycyrrhizae Radix (Glycyrrhizae uralensis FISCH, Gamcho in Korean). Methodss : In this study, methanol extract of BOS was examined for cytotoxic activity on human gastric cancer cells, SNU-1 cells, using XTT assay, with an IC50 value was 0.7 mg/ml and 0.3 mg/ml at 24 hrs and 48 hrs, respectively. Apoptosis induction by BDS in SNU-l cells was verified by the induction of DNA fragmentation, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), and activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9. Inhibitors of caspase-3, -8 and -9 (Ac-DEVD-CHO, Z-IETD-FMK and Z-LEHD-FMK) efficiently blocked BOS-induced cell death of SNU-l. Resultss : BOS-induced cell death was via caspase dependent apoptosis. Moreover, treatment of BOS result in the decrease the G1/S cycle regulation proteins (cyclin D1 and E) expression and increase CDK inhibitor proteins (p21 and p27) expression, and increase apoptotic protein, p53 expression. Thus, BOS induces apoptosis in SNU-1 cells via cell cycle arrested in G1 phase. Conclusions : These results indicated that BOS has some potential for use as an anti-cancer agent.

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Anti-Cancer Effects of Imperata cylindrica Leaf Extract on Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma cell line SCC-9 in Vitro

  • Keshava, Rohini;Muniyappa, Nagesh;Gope, Rajalakshmi;Ramaswamaiah, Ananthanarayana Saligrama
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.1891-1898
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    • 2016
  • Imperata cylindrica, a tall tufted grass which has multiple pharmacological applications is one of the key ingredients in various traditional medicinal formula used in India. Previous reports have shown that I. cylindrica plant extract inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. To our knowledge, no studies have been published on the effect of I. cylindrica leaf extract on human oral cancers. The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the anticancer properties of the leaf extract of I. cylindrica using an oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCC-9 as an in vitro model system. A methanol extract from dried leaves of I. cylindrica (ICL) was prepared by standard procedures. Effects of the ICL extract on the morphology of SCC-9 cells was visualized by microscopy. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Effects of the ICL extract on colony forming ability of SCC-9 cells was evaluated using clonogenic assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry and induction of apoptosis was determined by DNA fragmentation assay. The ICL extract treatment caused cytotoxicity and induced cell death in vitro in SCC-9 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This treatment also significantly reduced the clonogenic potential and inhibited cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Furthermore, DNA fragmentation assays showed that the observed cell death was caused by apoptosis. This is the first report showing the anticancer activity of the methanol extracts from the leaves of I. cylindrica in human oral cancer cell line. Our data indicates that ICL extract could be considered as one of the lead compounds for the formulation of anticancer therapeutic agents to treat/manage human oral cancers. The natural abundance of I. cylindrica and its wide geographic distribution could render it one of the primary resource materials for preparation of anticancer therapeutic agents.