• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 2005

This paper call attention to the characteristics of apartment unit plans as to the outdoor adjacency methods. My arguments will attempt to investigate spatial composition and each room sizes of the unit plans. So far, very little has been done in this direction. I will limits myself to study 573 plans which have been designed from 1996 till 2003. What emerges from this analysis is that these samples divided 3 types derived from the outdoor adjacency methods. Type 1 limits itself to 39 square meters unit plans. Type 2 was distributed from 49 square meters to 200 square meters with the exception of 100-110 square meters. And, type 3 ranges from 59 to 160 square meters. Therefore, it could be profitable each room's environmental condition (daylight, ventilation and etc) and diverse apartment building types to design in extent 49-160 square meters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06d
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• pp.462-464
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• 2012

최근 건물 내 에너지 소비량의 30%를 점유하고 있는 조명 에너지 절감을 위해 자연광을 이용하여 인공조명의 의존도를 낮추고 에너지 사용을 최소화하기 위한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 조명 에너지 소비 절감 및 재실자의 작업 능률 향상을 위해 조명시뮬레이션 소프트웨어인 Relux를 이용하여 소규모 사무 공간을 3D로 모델링하고, 이를 기준으로 시간대별 자연광의 유입량에 따라 조명장치를 점멸제어, 조광제어, 스텝제어의 다양한 제어방법을 적용하여 반복적인 시뮬레이션 과정을 통해 각 제어방법에 따른 에너지 절감률을 비교 및 분석하였다. 분석 결과 조광제어가 60.5%로 가장 높은 에너지 절감률을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 2003

Three of the leading computer daylighting simulation programs are compared with physical modeling techniques as a means of predicting daylighting performance of interior spaces. Lumen-Micro, Adeline and Lightscape are compared with physical model experiments under clear sky conditions. The comparative evaluations are conducted on analysis of daylight illuminance ratio(%) depending on model types. The estimated average errors are analyzed on 9.4% in Lumen-Micro, 6.3% in Adeline and 3.4% in Lightscape. Therefore, it is proved that three programs are useful for evaluating daylighting performance in our clear sky condition.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2020

Due to the large window area, the lighting environment of the educational space between the window and deep part of the room is not uniformly illuminated, and the phenomenon of glare is severe. For this reason, the daylight performance of DSC-BIPV windows was analyzed in order to improve the natural lighting in the educational sector. The method derives the correlation with natural lighting by measurement and simulation. Dynamic simulation confirmed that the average illuminance of the target space was higher at later than the early afternoon. The performance of natural lighting at 40% and 30% transmission of DSC has the effect of significantly reducing the amount of excess light in existing windows. Nevertheless, the actual average illuminance in all seasons corresponds to the standard illuminance of the educational facility, 300 Lux. In addition, the uniformity is also seen through the skylight illuminance ratio.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2020

After the 1884 Home Insurance building in Chicago and 1889 Tower building in New York, 15 Park Row became the tallest building in the USA in 1899 and it held this record for nine years. Completed just before the arrival of the 20^th century, this building deserves to be recognized for the sophistication of its architecture with respect to contextual understanding of the 19^th century historic texture in Lower Manhattan, its uniquely economical floor plans, and its use of natural ventilation and daylight. The compositional techniques using the proportional analysis of its context reflect the highest level of architectural education of its time by its architect Robert H. Robinson. In addition, it also offers a unique glimpse to the state-of-the-art technology of its time regarding its structure, its use of movement systems that was capable of serving 4000 users.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.93-102
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• 2003

One of the promising optical daylighting systems is light shelf type daylighting system, Two types of lighting performance analysis methods are 1) Ray-Tracing method and 2) Radiosity method. The purpose of this paper is to compare two methods in terms of advantages and disadvantages by further looking at the detail algorithm. Also. model verification with Lightscape simulations has been conducted. Effectiveness of light penetration factor in terms of daylighting factor has been investigated and quantified. In summer time. the performance of the light shelf was twice better than the case without it.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.81-84
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• 2001

In the power system of a satellite, solar array and a battery have directly impact on the life time of the satellite, and their stable operation is decided by whether their states are in the steady state operation or not. In this study, solar array capacity and battery characteristics of proposed communication satellite are designed and simulation is conducted according to the operation mode. Each operation mode is classified as the normal and worst case modes, respectively. The normal mode is analyzed under daylight and the eclipse with the EHT burn, and the worst case modes which have solar cell circuit failure, and battery cell failure are analyzed too.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.197-201
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the slopes of control algorithm and dimming levels based on different inputs and parameters. Different parameters such as photosensor aiming angles, sky types, and seasonal changes were considered. To determine the slopes of control algorithm and dimming levels, photosensor signals and workplan illuminance values were simulated by DayDim program, which is a lighting calculation and analysis tool. A typical small office space was used for simulation and three different sky types in three different seasons were considered. This study shows that differences in dimming levels can occur according to different sky types, if system calibration is conducted in a particular sky type.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2021

With the rapid urbanization and growing energy use intensity in the built environment, the glazed curtainwall has become ever more important in the architectural practice and environmental stewardship. Besides its energy efficiency roles, window has been an important transparent component for daylight penetration and a view-out for occupant satisfaction. In response to the climate crisis caused by the built environment, this research focuses on the study of net-zero energy retrofitting by using a new building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) curtainwall as a sustainable alternative to conventional window systems. Design variables such as building orientations, climate zones, energy attributes of BIPV curtainwalls, and glazed area were studied, to minimize energy consumption and discomfort hours for three cities representing hot (Miami, FL), mixed (Charlotte, NC), and cold (Minneapolis, MN). Parametric analysis and Pareto solutions are presented to provide a comprehensive explanation of the correlation between design variables and performance objectives for net-zero energy retrofitting applications.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.129-133
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• 2005

The psbC gene, encoding the intrinsic chlorophyll-binding protein of CP43, one of the PS core complex polypeptides, was cloned from the Panax ginseng chloroplast, which is composed of 1,422 nucleotides and the overall nucleotide sequence shows more than 84% identity to those of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. The predicted topology of CP43, based on hydropathy analysis, includes six membrane-spanning ${\alpha}-helices$ resulting in three lumenal and four stromal loops. The putative translation start codon for the psbC gene is located at 48 nucleotides upstream from the stop codon of the psbD gene whose product is also a component of the PSII reaction center, implying that the promoter of the psbC gene is possibly located in the middle of the structural gene of the psbD gene. Northern blot analysis of the in vivo accumulation of the psbC transcript from the plants grown under the various growth light intensities (5%, 10%, 20%, and 100%) of daylight indicated that the steady-state level of the psbC transcript was not significantly affected by light intensity.