• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.143-170
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• 2016

This paper organized a cooperative activity using character-related picture books for guiding children to cooperate as a part of an effort to present solutions against the increasing tendency of individualism and the de-communization phenomenon among serious social issues affecting children in modern society. This paper aims to help the children to build the proper caring thinking for others and understanding the self by applying those cooperative activities. The subjects were 50 children of 4 years old in K and S day care centers in city C. The data were analyzed by caring thinking tool using t-test. It also recognized change to children's caring thinking of play situation by way of video and observation journal. The results of the research found that the experimental group's caring thinking score was significantly higher than that of the control group. In accordance with the general analysis of the program results, it was verified that the cooperative activity's use of character-related picture books included caring thinking, understanding the self, and respecting others' emotionsin them. The results of this study can be used as basic data to develop an educational activity program for character development and help with the application of character-related picture books.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ego-resilience and professionalism awareness on occupational stress of early childhood teachers. The subjects of this study were 154 early childhood teachers working at day care centers and kindergartens. The data and information were collected through questionnaires. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed on the collected data with the SPSSWin 18.0 statistics program. The following results were shown: First, in regards to the relationship between ego-resilience, professionalism awareness and occupational stress, there were high correlations among them. Second, ego-resilience of early childhood teachers had a greater influence on occupational stress. Third, professionalism awareness of early childhood teachers had an influence on occupational stress. Forth, ego-resilience and professionalism awareness of early childhood teachers had influences on occupational stress, and their explained variance was 28%. These results imply that the support systems shoud be prepared to improve positive thoughts and attitudes of early childhood teachers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2021

In this study, the hygiene control status of meals for the elderly was investigated for the elderly care facilities, communal living families, and day care centers, which are members of the Cheongju Social Welfare Food Management Support Center, and the improvement of food hygiene management was compared and analyzed to find out the effectiveness of the pilot project after conducting management support such as hygiene education for the elderly and providing related supplies and information. The study found that after the first support, the average score of overall feeding hygiene control increased significantly from 63.13 points (out of 100) to 75.10 points (p<0.001) and from 75.10 points (out of 100) to 80.89 points (p<0.001). After primary support, 16 out of 29 items showed significant differences in average scores in the checklist, and 7 out of 29 after secondary visit support (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Based on the effectiveness of the above-mentioned pilot project to support senior citizens' meal service management, more welfare facilities for senior citizens should be continuously supported by the Foodservice Management Support Center.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2021

Background: The number of heart transplantations (HTx) is increasing annually. Due to advances in medical and surgical support, the outcomes of HTx are also improving. Extracorporeal circulatory life support (ECLS) provides patients with decompensated heart failure a chance to undergo HTx. A medical approach involving collaboration among experienced experts in different fields should improve the outcomes and prognosis of ECLS-bridged HTx. Methods: From December 2003 to December 2018, 1,465 patients received ECLS at Samsung Medical Center. We excluded patients who had not undergone HTx or underwent repeated transplantations. Patients younger than 18 years were excluded. We also excluded patients who received an implantable durable left ventricular assist device before HTx. In total, 91 patients were included in this study. A multidisciplinary team approach began in March 2013 at our hospital. We divided the patients into 2 groups depending on whether they were treated before or after implementation of the team approach. Results: The 30-day mortality rate was significantly higher in the pre-ECLS team group than in the post-ECLS team group (n=5, 18.5% vs. n=2, 3.1%; p=0.023). The 1-year survival rate was better in the post-ECLS team group than in the pre-ECLS team group (n=57, 89.1% vs. n=19, 70.4%; p=0.023). Conclusion: We found that implementing a multidisciplinary team approach improved the outcomes of ECLS-bridged HTx. Team-based care should be adapted at HTx centers that perform high-risk HTx.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.701-716
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the burden and caregiving satisfaction of primary family caregivers of older adults with dementia, and to identify cultural predictors and non-cultural predictors of burden and caregiving satisfaction. This study included 112 primary family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults with dementia who utilized 13 dementia day care centers in Seoul or Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected by survey questionnaires. The majority of the primary caregivers were female (81%) and daughters-in-law (46%). The mean burden score was 49.4 and the mean caregiving safisfaction score was 42.3. Regression analyses revealed that the significant predictors of primary caregivers' burden were the non-cultural factors of caregiver's perceived health (β= .421, p= .049) and care recipient's memory and behavioral problems (β= .183, p= .041). The cultural factor of familism (β= .466, p= .005) was the only significant predictor of caregiving satisfaction. There is more need to develop programs which improve caregiver's burden and caregiving satisfaction. Strategies to increase caregiver's utilization of the programs also need to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.85-102
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to determine the working conditions and demands of the assistant workforce at childcare centers, and to provide suggestions on policies for childcare teachers. To achieve the purpose of the study, a total of 190 assistant teachers, nursing helpers, alternative teachers and others were surveyed online during the month of August 2017. The survey examined the employment route and working motives, working conditions and environment, job and educational difficulties for analyzing the work conditions and demands of ancillary staff. For the analysis method, SPSS 12.0 was used to analyze frequency and difference. The main findings are as follows. First, childcare center assistants were able to work at their respective times, making it mandatory for them to enter the workforce, and making job openings for ancillary teachers. Second, 73.7% said the daily working hours were '4 hours to 8 hours' under the conditions and 57.9% said 'More than 510,000 won to less than 1 million won.' Average amount of rest time per day was about 30 minutes, and 17% had no rest periods. Third, based on the job and education status, ancillary personnel performed "infant and child guidance and interaction", "Cleaning and cleanliness related tasks" most actively, and "care for cleaning and cleanliness" and "care for morning and night care". Fourth, in the job trouble and difficulty, ancillary staff found it difficult to satisfy with wage related complaints and job insecurity, and the reason for agreeing to the non-regular workforce becoming a regular worker was found to be due to the stability of employment. Lastly, the most urgent tasks to solve the problem of non-regular workers were to fill the wage gap between regular and irregular workers, shorten the working hours and improve the working conditions. The policy implications are presented based on the above findings.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.308-322
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• 2002

The main objective of this paper is to examine the working conditions of physical therapists and to investigate the level of job satisfaction and organizational commitment under different working conditions. A survey was conducted through structured questionnaire for the physical therapists working in Busan area, and data from 175 therapists were utilized in the final analysis. Survey items included general characteristics of the therapists(sex, age, education, marital status, religion, income, career years, etc.), their working conditions(kinds of organizations they work in, location of PT room, weekly working hours, average number of patients, number of co-workers, equipments/facilities, etc.), and organizational effectiveness measured in terms of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Major results are as follows: 1) As for the general characteristics of the surveyed physical therapists, male(51.4$\%$) slightly exceeded female(48.6$\%$) and majority(more than 90$\%$) was 20-39 in age. Also, there were more single(57.7$\%$) than married(42.3$\%$), and 54.9$\%$ of the respondents had religion while 45.1$\%$ did not. In terms of the ranks in their organizations, only a few of them(6.9$\%$) were managers, and monthly salary mostly ranged from $\￦$1,000,000 to $\￦$2,500,000. More than half of them worked in various kinds of hospitals, with the remaining in health centers or social welfare institutions. 2) In regard to the working conditions of the respondents, 19.4$\%$ of PT rooms were located in basement areas while the remaining 80.6$\%$ in first to third floors. 34.3$\%$ of them treated 15 patients or less per day, whereas 25.1$\%$ treated 31 patients or more. Also, 52$\%$ recorded physical therapy charts periodically. As for the equipments and facilities, 25.1$\%$ felt 'sufficient' and 40$\%$'insufficient.' 3) The respondents provided various kinds of suggestions for the improvement of their working conditions, where the most important were 'salary raise' and 'reduction of working hours.' In addition, their requests to the PT Association included 'permission of opening of independent practice,' 'permission of legal specialty,' and 'vitalization of the Association.' 4) The comparative analysis of job satisfaction and organizational commitment among different characteristics of the respondents revealed that there was no significant difference between male and female, but in terms of age, the group of 40 or older was highest in both aspects. Besides, therapists who had 15 or more years of hospital career reported higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment than the others. It was also found that the level of organizational commitment increased as the rank of the respondents got higher. There were no significant differences in terms of marital status and religion. 5) Comparison with regard to working conditions showed that therapists employed in university hospitals, health centers and social welfare institutions felt higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment than those in community hospitals and clinics. Also, respondents who worked in basement areas had significantly lower job satisfaction than otherwise. The length of weekly working hours did not really affect the level of job satisfaction, but it was important to maintain 'regular working hours' for the hospitals to improve the employees' organizational commitment. As for the number of patients per day, 'medium level' (21-25 patients) had highest scores in both aspects. And, finally, sufficiency of equipments and facilities was found to be important for the improvement of organizational commitment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.404-418
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• 2016

This study aimed to explore negative experiences of unwed mothers in interaction with medical professionals, government officials and nursery teachers who have negative stereotypes about the unwed mothers and to seek ways of improving awareness and attitudes of the professionals. Researchers conducted individual and focus groups interviews with 15 unwed mothers. The results showed that unwed mothers experienced the violation of their maternal and privacy rights and inhospitable services in the interaction with medical professionals. They also had similar experiences with government officials who often had overbearing and discriminatory attitudes toward these mothers, and hardly received useful information. Last, unwed mothers had deep concerns about possibilities and experiences of discrimination against their children by nursery teachers and other parents in day care centers. In conclusion, this study discussed ways of improving awareness and attitudes toward unwed mothers through various medias and supplementary educations.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2016

Responded threshold level in hearing screening depends on the noise level of test surroundings, physiological characteristics of hearing organs, excessive sound source exposures, and so on. The purpose of this study is to obtain the basic information of hearing threshold level at each frequencies in children with passed hearing screening. Subjects were 110 children, aged were from 3.3 to 16.3 ($9.01{\pm}2.52$), who were at private speech language pathological clinics and daycare centers. Methods of Hearing screening were tympanometry, acoustic reflex threshold, automated otoacoustic emission, and pure tone screening. The subjects were in normal criteria of hearing screening. The differences of hearing threshold among ages and frequencies were measured by means of repeated measures ANOVA. The mean of hearing thresholds level was observed $16{\pm}6.49$, $11.5{\pm}4.79$, $6.86{\pm}4.99$, $5.95{\pm}6.65$ dB HL in the right ear and $15.68{\pm}6.01$, $9.95{\pm}5.24$, $5.72{\pm}5.21$, $5.63{\pm}7.04$ dB HL in the left ear, in frequency of 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 Hz respectively. There was a significant difference between 500 and 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 Hz (p=.000), between 1,000 and 2,000, 4,000 Hz (p=.000).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1998

Burns in children result in the loss of precious life, or if the child survives, in much suffering from physical, emotional, social, and economic problems. These burn accidents to children happen in the bustle of family life and frequently without any warning. With this background information, this study was designed to identity types of burns in children and mothers' attitudes towards, and knowledge of burn prevention, in order, to not only, in still a safety consciousness regarding the seriousness of burn accidents and the strengthening prevention, but also as basic data towards the development of an educational program aimed at prevention. From May 1 to May 25 in 1997, data were collected from the mothers of children attending five day care centers and kindergartens located in Seoul, which had been selected for the study. The tools used for the study, which were developed by the researchers, surveyed the type of burns suffered by children, mothers' knowledge of burns and attitudes toward burn accidents. The data were analyzed through real numbers percentages and analysis was done using SPSS computer programs. The results of the study show that the most frequent type of burn accidents were those caused by hot water(55.4%) and these were frequently related to everyday habits that easily lead to danger. Further, the first aid treatment following a burn was weak. The majority of the mothers had not instructed their children on who to contact in the case of a fire, first aid for burns, or how to take escape in the case of a fire. This left the children in a defenseless position in case of a fire. The mothers showed a lack knowledge, on what to do when a blaze is discovered, how to put out a fire, first aid for burns, escaping from a fire and appropriate water temperature, in that 50% of the time they answered incorrectly. From this study a prevention program, HIPP (Home Injury Prevention Program) could be developed that includes fire prevention habits and first aid for burns. This program can be used with kindergarten and elementary school children for group education on fire prevention and can be used as a foundation for construction of a system of facilities and equipment to prevent fires and also prevent injury from fires.