• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.467-479
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• 1999

The factors of local disappearance and a plan of restoration fer Parnassius bremeri from Okchon-gun, Chungchongbukdo, Korea, were investigated. The population of this butterfly from Okchon-gun was much more abundant than the other areas of Korea in the past. But only two adults were observed in 1997 at this site and no more observation was made in 1998. So we considered that Parnassius bremeri is disappeared from this area. To know the factors of local disappearance of this species, we analyzed data of the monitoring from seven localities of Okchon-gun from 1990 to 1998 and also checked 252 specimens from this area by several collections. As a result of it, the habitat changes by recent road constructions and the frequent collecting activity around this area are shown as the factors for the local disappearance of this species. We are intending to establish the programs for restoration of Parnassius bremeri in Okchon-gun. Firstly, the breeding plan of this species was designed by investigation on life cycle. Secondly, the environmental conditions among seven localities were compared and the suitable places of the restoration were selected. The most suitable localities for restoration by this study were of two localities, Dongrakjeong and Jangwahri, which are considerd as highly successful breeding places in the view of growth condition of host plant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.91-102
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• 2008

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information about Siberia Musk Deer (Moschus moschiferus), and to establish a conservation area for the replacement of Siberia Musk Deer into Mt. Odea National Park, South Korea. We analyzed the main habitat for Siberia Musk Deer restoration in Mt. Odae National Park, Korea. We recorded Siberia Musk Deers' field signs (i.e., bedding sites, feeding areas, feces and tracks), and habitat variables such as nearest distance to the watercourse, trails, slope, aspect, forest type and land cover etc. from Dec. 2004 to Aug. 2007 in Mt. Jiri, Mt. Seorak, and Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). Rocky areas, ridges, mixed coniferous forest (Red pine and Mongolian oak), southern and southeastern slope, elevation of above 800m, and distance from watercourse shorter than 300m etc. were dominant habitat types of Siberia Musk Deer. Based on the significant habitat types, a proper conservation plan should be prepared for the restoration of habitats in order to reintroduce, and to increase the population of Siberia Musk Deer in Mt. Odea National Park, South Korea. Small population size, and limited ecological data are the major constraints for the establishment of conservation areas. Furthermore, other anthropogenic factors including human activities, poaching, and residential area around the park caused the difficulties to qualify as a conservation area. For the successful establishment of conservation area in the future, it is recommended to conduct a comprehensive ecological research, and to survey human disturbances including their impacts on the habitats of Siberia Musk Deer in the Mt. Odea National Park.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2014

This paper proposes a linear scratch detection and restoration algorithm using pixel data comparison in a single frame or consecutive frames. There exists a high parallelism in that a scratch detection and restoration algorithm needs a large amount of comparison operations. The proposed scratch detection and restoration algorithm is designed with a GPU for fast computation. We test the proposed algorithm in sequential and parallel processing with the set of digital videos in National Archive of Korea. In the experiments, the scratch detection rate of consecutive frames is as fast as about 20% for that of a single frame. The detection and restoration rates of a GPU-based algorithm are similar to those of a CPU-based algorithm, but the parallel implementation speeds up to about 50 times.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.327-331
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• 2009

Covering structures and elevated road of Cheonggyecheon are the by-products of the developing era when functionality and efficiency were emphasized. Historic river restoration project around Cheonggyecheon which had been emerged as a threat to the safety of the citizens due to its corrosion and structural defects as time passes had been performed during the period from July, 2003 through October, 2005 under the slogan of future-oriented urban environment creation. By dint of this river restoration project, its value is being heightened as almost all the rivers of Seoul including Seongbukcheon, Chungreungcheon and Honghaecheon have been arranged by inter-active linkage. In addition, this river is becoming a place frequented by the numerous visitors at home and aborad by providing the citizens with an attractive space for utilizing leisure time. Currently in the diversified areas, an academic research on the Cheonggyecheon restoration is under progress. In this study, sampled questionnaire for the visitors was carried out by site visit with the necessity of users' satisfaction survey in terms of revitalization of pedestrian space of the city street. As a result of this, natural restoration and provision of leisure space were surveyed to be highly assessed in terms of satisfaction and insufficient provision of convenience facilities including toilet and parking space was pointed out as a matter to be improved. As Cheonggyecheon is invigorated from the obstacle of urban environment through its epochal restoration, its value provided to us will be evaluated and by supplementing the deduced problems, we intend to find its meaning in our hope that this would become a sustainable future assets providing a basic data.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.184-191
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• 2015

This study aimed to analyze characteristics of the seasonal habitat use of reintroduced Long-tailed Gorals (n=7) in Woraksan (mountain) National Park. We collected 10,721 goral coordinates in Woraksan (mountain) National Park via transmitters, and analyzed habitat use (e.g., aspect, distance from stream and road) from November 2006 to January 2013. Aspect use was southwest (22.6 %), and seasonal aspect use had a southwestern slope (in the spring, summer, and autumn). A northwestern aspect was detected in winter, but slope of $30^{\circ}{\sim}35^{\circ}$ (19.0 %) was used regardless of the season and mean elevation use was 500 m. Moreover, seasonal use was higher in the summer and lower in the winter and spring. The distance from the stream was mainly 50 m in 17.2 %, except in the winter (distance of 300 m), and it was within 50 m in the spring, summer, and autumn. The distance from the road was 100 m in 25.7 %, and seasonal use was within 100 m except for the winter. Thus, we examined significant differences in the habitat use of reintroduced gorals in Woraksan (mountain), and provide elementary data for habitat stabilization of Woraksan (mountain) National Park where goral restoration has advanced.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for habitat restoration by implementing a series of processes of capturing and translocating Kaloula borealis and managing them in artificial breeding facilities. The study site in Samcheon, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do was a waste landfill site in the past, and Kaloula borealis was found during the Samcheon Ecological River Restoration Project around March 2018. To restore the habitat, a plan was established to capture, translocate, artificially breed, and release Kaloula borealis at the site. The capture methods of adult Kaloula borealis were pitfall trap and drift fence, direct capture, and deep barrels. During 2018-2019, 86 adults of Kaloula borealis were captured and translocated to artificial breeding facilities. VIE-tagging was inserted under the skin for monitoring. For artificial breeding, Gryllus bimaculatus with oyster powder and vegetables were regularly supplied to feed Kaloula borealis. At the end of October 2020, 150 young Kaloula borealis raised in artificial breeding facilities were found not entering hibernation, so they were managed in a separate artificial breeding facility. Some young and adult Kaloula borealis currently hibernating will be scheduled to be continuously managed in artificial breeding facilities and released to the restored habitat in the spring of 2021.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.35-45
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• 2019

The objective of this study is to analyze habitat distribution on tiger, wolf, and leopard in Joseonwangjosilok. Nowaday, we only come to meet these kind of animals at the historical records because of haman-induced habitat encroachment. Historically, extinct animal became an object of game by people. So, we try to get distribution information for restoration on historical extinct animals. We made distribution map by constructing 402 counts on tiger(350), leopard(51) and wolf(1) recordsfrom 14th to Early 20th century for study. Analyzing historical materials, criteria for data analysis took into account objectivity, location information, accuracy for extinct animals. We carried out location identification of animals by using geocoding comparing with geographical name of the Joseon Dynasty period, topographic map of time under the rule of Japanese imperialism, present place name and historical materials. Database items are constructed 20 types for example appearance year of animal, population, location, damage, etc. As a result of analysis for appearance regions, tigers were recorded in capital area of higher density population intensively, and also were frequently seen at Daegu, Andong etc. Leopard and wolf were founded at regionally Gyeonggi-do and Jinju with limitation, relatively seen a few number. The reason of the appearance records like this, tiger prefer game of open and water-front area in near human residential area, there are lots of historical records such as 'Hosang'(mourning someone who killed by Tiger) and hunting. But leopard and wolf inhabit rocky area and dense forest, the reason why they made a few contact with human. Results of this are expect to be applicable restoration research for extinct animal by providing for populations, habitat environments and distribution information.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.52-58
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• 2023

Background: Complex orbital fractures are impure orbital fractures because they involve the orbital walls and mid-facial bones. The author reported an orbital wall restoration technique in which the primary orbital wall fragments were restored to their prior position in complex orbital fractures in 2020. As a follow-up to a previous preliminary study, this study retrospectively reviewed the surgical results of complex orbital wall fractures over a 4-year period and compared the surgical outcomes by dividing them into groups with and without balloon restoration. Methods: Data of 939 patients with facial bone fractures between August 2018 and August 2022 were reviewed. Of these, 154 had complex orbital fractures. Among them, 44 and 110 underwent reduction with and without the balloon technique respectively. Pre- and postoperative Naugle exophthalmometer (Good-Lite Co.) scales were evaluated. The orbital volume and orbital volume ratio were calculated from preoperative and 6 months postoperative computed tomography images. Results: Among 154 patients with complex orbital fractures, 44 patients underwent restoration with the balloon technique, and 110 patients underwent restoration without it. The Naugle scale did not differ significantly between the two groups, but the orbital volume ratio significantly decreased by 3.32% and 2.39% in groups with and without the balloon technique and the difference in OVR was significantly greater in patients in the balloon restoration group compared with the control group. Postoperative balloon rupture occurred in six out of 44 cases (13.64%). None of the six patients with balloon rupture showed significant enophthalmos at 6 months of follow-up. Conclusion: The balloon rupture rate was 13.64% (6/44 cases) with marginal screw fixation, blunt screws, and extra protection with a resorbable foam dressing. Furthermore, we restored the orbital wall with primary orbital fragments using balloon support in complex orbital wall fractures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

As more highways are constructed and more cars are running on them, toll of roadkill steadily increases. To make the problem more serious, roadkill include endangered species. This study compared two sets of roadkill data of selected Korean highways. One set of data were produced, as a routine job of everyday, by the Korea Highway Corporation (KHC), and the other by a team of wildlife researchers for a limited period of time for research purposes. The aims of the comparison were to identify if the species of the animal, location of the roadkill, time, and other information were kept reasonably, especially in the forms provided to the patrols of KHC, to be used for research purposes later. Major findings and suggestions are; 1) KHC patrols are not wildlife professionals, which is understandable, and could not identify some animal species killed on the highways. As they also are not aware of the importance of the accurate data for the wildlife protection, education to promote their awareness is needed. 2) Current form used by the patrols is far from enough to produce good data for research. A new and detailed form needs to be designed and provided to the patrols so that they can keep all the necessary data on roadkills for monitoring and research purposes. If these issues are addressed, the data collected daily by KHC will become good inputs for roadkill researches in Korea.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2019

The objective of this study was the development of a discrimination model for the cultivational origin of paper mulberry bast fiber and Hanji using near infrared (NIR) and mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Paper mulberry bast fiber was purchased in 10 different regions of Korea, and used to make Hanji. PLS-DA was performed using pre-treated FT-NIR and FT-MIR spectral data for paper mulberry bast fiber and Hanji. PLS-DA of paper mulberry bast fiber and Hanji samples, using FT-NIR spectral data, showed 100 % performance in cross validation and the confusion matrix (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity). The discrimination models showed four regional groups which demonstrated clearer separation and much superior score plots in the NIR spectral data-based model than in the MIR spectral data-based model. Furthermore, the discrimination model based on the NIR spectral data of paper mulberry bast fiber had highly similar score morphology to that of the discrimination model based on the NIR spectral data of Hanji.