• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlates of depression and perception gap of adolescents' Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) between Parents and Children. Methods: Research targets are all students and their parents who are enrolled in from 1st~3rd grade of middle school to $1^{st}$ grade of high school which was selected intentionally. The survey was conducted from May $16^{th}$ to June $9^{th}$ in 2014 by research staffs equipped with structured questionnaire. $PedsQL^{TM}4.0$ Generic Core Scales and Korean form of the Kovacs' Children's Depression Inventory were the main tool for measuring the HRQOL and depression. Data of 985 respondents, both of parents and children, was used for analysis of this study. Results: In terms of gender difference of depression, 5.8% of adolescents, 3.2% of male and 8.5% of female (p<0.001), are shown depression symptom. Depression rate of the low level students of academic achievement was 11.0% which is the lowest rate to compare to 4.3% of middle level and 2.6% of high level students (p<0.001). The case that parents overestimated their children's overall HRQOL is 3.699 times more likely to have depression symptom than the case which is in concurrence between parents and children. Especially the overestimation in social, emotional, and academic area of HRQOL promote depression 3.918 times, 3.371 times, and 2.258 times more than the agreement occurred of each areas. In contrast underestimation in physical area of HRQOL reduce depression 0.266 times less than the agreement occurred of the area. Conclusion: The perception gap of adolescents' HRQOL between parents and children is the most influential factor to adolescents' depression among all variables which was evaluated in this study.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.187-193
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare two-dimensional fitness of the monolithic zirconia prosthesis by using different type of scanner. Methods: No. 26 abutment tooth of FDI system was selected for the study. Using the extraoral scanner and intraoral scanner, the abutment tooth was scanned 10 times and the scanned files were saved as STL files. CAD/CAM system was used to produce the monolithic zirconia prosthesis. marginal and internal gap of the monolithic zirconia prosthesis were measured by digital microscope(x160) and applied silicone replica technique was applied. t-test, a statistical software, was used to perform data analysis. Results: Marginal gap $mean{\pm}SD$ of the monolithic zirconia prosthesis was $33{\pm}7.5{\mu}m$ with extra oral scanner and $34.7{\pm}11.1{\mu}m$ with intraoral scanner. axial gap mean was $40.5{\pm}3.5{\mu}m$ with extra oral scanner and $44.6{\pm}11.6{\mu}m$ with intraoral scanner. occlusal gap mean was $110.1{\pm}25.4{\mu}m$ with extra oral scanner and $64{\pm}9.7{\mu}m$ with intraoral scanner. Conclusion: In this study, fabricating zirconia prosthesis with different type of scanner was clinically applicable.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the clinical acceptability of the marginal discrepancies and internal spacing of multi-layered zirconia prothesis by speed sintering. Methods: The two specimen types come from the same manufacturer but differ in the ingredients in layered zirconia and indication, that is anterior and posterior. The designs of both specimens were full contour crowns, and a total of 20 pieces were repeatedly fabricated, 10 for each group. The specimens were divided into two subgroups (n=10) and sintered with various total times (4 hours, 8 hours) at the maximum temperature (1,530℃). The gap between the two groups of multi-layered zirconia prostheses was measured using a silicone replica technique of 2D analysis method. The independent sample t-test was then used to compare and analyze the data obtained from the two groups (α=0.05). Results: The marginal and internal gap was superior in the 8-hour compared to the 4-hour group, and the results exhibited significant differences (p<0.05). All specimens showed that using the speed sintering schedule does not exceed the clinically permitted value of 120 ㎛, meaning zirconia prothesis using the speed sintering was adequate. Conclusion: The sintering condition is shown to affect the marginal and internal gaps of multi-layered zirconia restoration.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.18-27
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• 2010

This paper is designed the efficient Data Acquisition System for an vibration of rotatory machines. The Data Acquisition System is consist of the analog logic having signal filer and amplifier, and digital logic with ADC, DSP, FPGA and FIFO memory. The vibration signal of rotatory machines acquired from sensors is controlled by the FPGA device through the analog logic and is saved to FIFO memory being converted analog to digital signal. The digital signal process is performed by the DSP using the vibration data in FIFO memory. The vibration factor of the rotatory machinery analysis and diagnosis is defined the RMS, Peak to Peak, average, GAP, FFT of vibration data and digital filtering by DSP, and is need to follow as being happened the event of vibration and make an application to an warning system. It takes time to process the several analysis step of all vibration data and the event follow, also special event. It should be continuously performed the data acquisition and the process, however during processing the input signal the DSP can not be performed to the acquisited data after then, also it will be lose the data at several channel. Therefore it is that the system uses efficiently the DSP and FPGA devices for reducing the data lose, it design to process a part of the signal data to FPGA from DSP in order to minimize the process time, and a process to parallel process system, as a result of design system it propose to method of faster process and more efficient data acquisition system by using DSP and FPGA than signal DSP system.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.59-60
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• 2014

The trans-$A_2B_2$ porphyrin and Ni-porphyrin derivatives were synthesized by Suzuki coupling of bromoporphyrin with arylborate as a key step. The band gaps of those complexes were measured from their absorption, emission and cyclic voltammetric data. All the LUMO energy level of porphyrin derivatives is lower than that of P3HT, and the HOMO energy level is evaluated higher than the HOMO of PCBM.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2022

This study was conducted to examine the characteristics of pitch perception and temporal resolution through Within-/Cross-Channel Gap Detection Thresholds (WC/CC GDTs) using low-frequency pure tones (such as 264 Hz, 373 Hz and 528 Hz related to C4, C4#, and C5 musical tones. 40 young people and 20 elderly people with normal hearing participated in this study. The results of WC GDTs were approximately 2 ms ~ 4 ms threshold values regardless of frequencies in two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in WC GDTs between groups. In both groups, CC GDTs were larger than WC GDTs, and as the frequency difference increased, the CC GDTs also increased. In particular, in the comparison between groups of CC GDTs, the results of the elderly group were 8 times ~ 10 times larger than that of the young group, and there was a statistically significant difference between the groups. These data also showed a different trend of GDTs in comparison with the previous data obtained from musical stimuli.This study suggests that GDTs may influence pitch perception mechanisms and can be used as psychoacoustic evidence for nonlinear responses of auditory nervous system.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to analyze the thermal performance through Test-Cell of TI-wall in domestic climate. This study was carried out as follows: 1) The TI-wall was studied for ability to reduce heat loss through the building envelope and analyzed to TIM properties. 2) Test models of TI-wall were designed through the investigation of previous paper and work, measured for winter and spring, and the thermal effects were analyzed. The type of the TIM used in test model is small-celled(diameter 4mm and thickness 50mm) capillary and cement brick(density $1500kg/m^3$) was used by thermal mass. 3) Test-cell of TI-wall was calibrated from measured data and the dynamic simulation program ESP-r 9.0. In these simulations, the measured climate conditions of TaeJon were used as outdoor conditions, and the simulation model of Test-cell was developed. 4) The sensitivity analysis is executed in various aspects with standard weather files and ESP-r 9.0, and then most suitable system of TI-wall are predicted. Finally, The suitable system of TI-wall was analysed according to sizes of air gap, kinds, thickness, and the surface absorption of therm wall. The result is following. In TI-wall, Concrete is better than cement brick, at that time the surface absorption is 95%, and the most efficient thickness is 250mm. As smaller of a air gap, as reducer of convection heat loss, it is efficient for heating energy. However, ensuring of a air gap at least more than 50mm is desirable for natural ventilation in Summer.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.84-94
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• 1996

In order to prevent shell sticking by providing sufficient lubrication between the strand and the mold, the mold oscillation has been used. Now it is well known that the shape of the oscillation curve has a decisive effect on the surface quality of the cast product. Besides, oscillation parameters such as stroke and frequency are also very important. In order to guarantee that parameters which have been found to be optimal for a certain grade of steel do not change with time, periodical checks of the physical condition of the whole equipment are necessary. The portable mold oscillation analyzer with integrated computer, developed by POSCO, records the movement of the mold in every spatial direction. The system uses the gap sensors to measure the mold movement (displacement ) in the two horizontal directions according to the mold narrow and broad faces and the vertical strokes in the four corners of mold. The gap sensor is a non-contacting minute displacement measuring device using the principle of high frequency eddy current loss. The mold oscillation diagnosis system integrates the gap sensors, their converters and the industrial portable computer with plug-in data acquisition boards. The all programs, such as the fast Fourier transformation module (amplitude and phase spectrums) and harmonic analysis module, was coded by LabVIEW$^{TM}$ software as the graphical language. In an own 'expert module' which is included in the diagnosis program, one can obtain much information about the mold oscillation equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.428-434
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• 2001

After miniplate fixation of mandibular angle fractures, fracture line stability during functional loading was evaluated. Using panoramic radiographs, 15 mandibular angle fracture patients who were treated by open reduction and one miniplate fixation along the external oblique ridge, were evaluated at postoperative 1, 4 and 8 weeks. At each time, 2 radiographs were taken: one taken during maximum biting of hardened silicone sheet on the affected side molar area and the other on the non-affected side. The distraction gap of inferior border of mandible at each time and each side was measured and these data were analysed statistically with clinical findings. The differences of inferior border distraction gap during hardened silicone sheet biting on the affected side molar area and on the non-affected side molar area at 4 week radiographs were smaller than those of 1 week's except one case. At 8 week's radiographs, the fracture lines were so stabilized that it was almost impossible to find the gap differences except one case and there were increased radiopacity along the entire fracture lines. Clinically, bony union was confirmed in all cases during plate removal performed at postoperative 6 month. By statistical analysis(paired t-test), the inferior border distraction gap during biting of hardened silicone sheet on the affected side was significantly reduced during 1 and 4 week interval(p<0.01). The differences of inferior border distraction gap during biting on the affected side molar area and on the non-affected side molar area were also significantly reduced at 1 and 4 week interval(p<0.01). But the inferior border distraction(compression) gap during non-affected side biting was not significantly changed. From these findings, it could be concluded that fracture line stability during functional loading after one miniplate fixation of mandibular angle fractures stems mainly from reduction of inferior border distraction gap during affected side biting on time interval. According to these radiographic and clinical findings, the clinical superiority of one miniplate fixation technique in mandibular angle fracture treatment could be confirmed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.267-279
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• 2021

A regression with multi-dimensional responses is quite common nowadays in the so-called big data era. In such regression, to relieve the curse of dimension due to high-dimension of responses, the dimension reduction of predictors is essential in analysis. Sufficient dimension reduction provides effective tools for the reduction, but there are few sufficient dimension reduction methodologies for multivariate regression. To fill this gap, we newly propose two fused slice-based inverse regression methods. The proposed approaches are robust to the numbers of clusters or slices and improve the estimation results over existing methods by fusing many kernel matrices. Numerical studies are presented and are compared with existing methods. Real data analysis confirms practical usefulness of the proposed methods.