• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.3.1-3.10
• /
• 2014

Amino acid substitution matrices are essential tools for protein sequence analysis, homology sequence search in protein databases and multiple sequence alignment. The PAM matrix was the first widely used amino acid substitution matrix. The BLOSUM series then succeeded the PAM matrix. Most substitution matrixes were developed by using the statistical frequency of substitution between each amino acid at blocks representing groups of protein families or related proteins. However, substitution of amino acids is based on the similarity of physiochemical properties of each amino acid. In this study, a new approach was used to obtain major physiochemical properties in multiple sequence alignment. Frequency of amino acid substitution in multiple sequence alignment database and selected attributes of amino acids in physiochemical properties database were merged. This merged data showed the major physiochemical properties through principle components analysis. Using factor analysis, these four principle components were interpreted as flexibility of electronic movement, polarity, negative charge and structural flexibility. Applying these four components, BAPS was constructed and validated for accuracy. When comparing receiver operated characteristic ($ROC_{50}$) values, BAPS scored slightly lower than BLOSUM and PAM. However, when evaluating for accuracy by comparing results from multiple sequence alignment with the structural alignment results of two test data sets with known three-dimensional structure in the homologous structure alignment database, the result of the test for BAPS was comparatively equivalent or better than results for prior matrices including PAM, Gonnet, Identity and Genetic code matrix.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 2015

디지털 워터마킹은 인간의 감각으로 감지할 수 없고 통계적인 방법에 의하여 검출되지 않는 정보를 디지털 데이터에 삽입하는 기술이다. 일반적으로 디지털 음향 신호에 대한 워터마킹은 의미 있는 정보를 갖는 이진 시퀀스를 원래의 디지털 음향 신호에 삽입하여 구현한다. 그러나 삽입된 이진 정보는 원래의 디지털 음향 신호의 관점에서는 잡음으로 작용하여 원래의 음향 신호를 왜곡 시키거나 열화 시키는 원인으로 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 인간의 가청 주파수 영역에서 이진 정보의 삽입으로 인한 원 음향 정보의 왜곡을 최소화시킬 수 있는 이진 정보 발생 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 표준부호 디지트 코딩을 이용한 방법으로서 인접한 데이터간의 주파수 간섭을 최소화 하여 인간의 가청 주파수 영역에서의 이진 정보 시퀀스의 영향을 최소화 하도록 구현하였다. 제안한 방법은 일반적인 이진 정보발생 방법과 주파수 분석 비교를 통하여 성능을 평가하였다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.256-261
• /
• 2022

Background: Treating panfacial fractures (PFFs) can be extremely difficult even for experienced surgeons. Although several authors have attempted to systemize the surgical approach, performing surgery by applying a unidirectional sequence is much more difficult in practice. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on PFF surgery sequence and to understand how different surgical specialists-plastic reconstructive surgery (PRS) and oral maxillofacial surgery (OMS)-chose sequence and review PFFs fixation sequence in clinical cases. Methods: The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were scoured for publications published up until May 2020. Data extracted from the studies using standard templates included fracture part, fixation sequence, originating specialist, and the countries. Bibliographic details like author and year of publication were also extracted. Also, we reviewed the data for PFFs patients in the Trauma Registry System of Dankook University Hospital from 2011 to 2021. Results: In total, 240 articles were identified. This study comprised 22 studies after screening and full-text analysis. Sixteen studies (12 OMS specialists and 4 PRS specialists) used a "bottom-top" approach, whereas three studies (1 OMS specialist and 2 PRS specialists) used a "top-bottom" method. However, three studies (only OMS specialists) reported on both sequences. In our hospital, there were a total of 124 patients with PFF who were treated during 2011 to 2021; 64 (51.6%) were in upper-middle parts, 52 (41.9%) were in mid-lower parts, and eight (6.5%) were in three parts. Conclusion: Bottom-top sequencing was mainly used in OMS specialists, and top-bottom sequencing was used at a similar rate by two specialists in literature review. In our experience, however, it was hard to consistently implement unidirectional sequence suggested by a literature review. We realigned the reliable and stable buttresses first with tailoring individually for each patient, rather than proceeding in the unidirectional sequence like bottom-top or top-bottom.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.605-608
• /
• 1999

In this paper, we proposed several scene analysis algorithms. These algorithms using image difference and histogram operate on the sequence of DC coefficient which is extracted from Motion JPEG or MPEG without full-frame decompression. Since DC sequence has the most information of full frame while it has reduced data. Experimental results show less than 1/64 of full frame analysing complexity and exactly analyze scene changes and extract key frames.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.37.1-37.1
• /
• 2012

We present mid-IR (MIR) and near-UV (NUV) properties of red sequence galaxies defined by optical color-magnitude relation. We use the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) preliminary released data matched with the SDSS DR7/GALEX GR6. The red sequence galaxies with little emission lines show a wide spread of MIR (3.4um-12um) colors, implying a variety of MIR excess emission. We focus on the properties of the red sequence galaxies with MIR excess, comparing the properties of post-starburst galaxies to trace how galaxies migrate to the red sequence.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제24권9호
• /
• pp.150-158
• /
• 2010

We had experienced the several system failures which were concerned about zero sequence voltages at the tertiary side of 345[kV] transformers. In this paper, we had considered the zero sequence voltage and its reduction methods at the 345[kV] auto-transformer tertiary. For analysis, we used EMTP(Electro-Magnetic Transients Program). The calculation results by EMTP were compared with the measured data of the field tests. From the calculation and the field tests, we had verified that it is due to pre-saturation characteristics of the potential transformer. So, we had improved its saturation characteristics and applied it at real site. After improvements, we could reduce the zero sequence voltage below the setting level of the relay.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.260-266
• /
• 1995

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been considered as a mojor causative agent of post-transfusion related non-A, non-B hepatitis. In this study, the cDNA sequence of NS4 region of HCV (HCV-S) obtained from a Korean patient's plasms was determined. Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis between to type II. 67.2% homology to type III, and 66.4% homology to type IV. The putative amino acid sequence homologies to types I, II, III, and IV were 82.8-84.7%, 92.5-95.1%. 72.5, and 71.1%, respectively. This data strongly suggests that HCV-S should be classified as type II. Significant similarities of hydrophobicity profiles and putative transmembranous domains were found in HCV-S and four major prototypes, indicating that the protein structure is similar in spite of the heterogeneities of intertype homologies at the level of the psrimary nucleotide and amino acid sequences.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 2015

We consider an online selective-sample learning problem for sequence classification, where the goal is to learn a predictive model using a stream of data samples whose class labels can be selectively queried by the algorithm. Given that there is a limit to the total number of queries permitted, the key issue is choosing the most informative and salient samples for their class labels to be queried. Recently, several aggressive selective-sample algorithms have been proposed under a linear model for static (non-sequential) binary classification. We extend the idea to hidden Markov models for multi-class sequence classification by introducing reasonable measures for the novelty and prediction confidence of the incoming sample with respect to the current model, on which the query decision is based. For several sequence classification datasets/tasks in online learning setups, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 2004

In this paper, we propose a general framework for sensor data fusion applied to control systems. Since many kinds of disturbances are introduced to a control system, it is necessary to rely on multisensor data fusion to improve control performance in spite of the disturbances. Multisensor data fusion for a control system is considered a sequence of making decisions for a combination of sensor data to make a proper control input in uncertain conditions of disturbance effects on sensors. The proposed method is applied to a typical control system of a flexible link system in which reduction of oscillation is obtained using a photo sensor at the tip of the link. But the control performance depends heavily on the environmental light conditions. To overcome the light disturbance difficulties, an accelerometer is used in addition to the existing photo sensor. Improvement of control performance is possible by utilizing multisensor data fusion for various output responses to show the feasibility of the proposed method in this paper.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 데이터 마이닝 기법 중 하나인 순차규칙 모델링을 활용해 뇌경색증 환자의 진단을 분석함으로써 뇌경색증의 선행질환과 합병증을 파악하고 이를 최소화할 수 있는 중재 개발에 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 뇌경색증 환자의 진단 관련 데이터는 대구에 위치한 A 의료원에서 2000년에서 2007년 사이 뇌경색증으로 진단받은 환자의 관련 데이터를 추출하여 일괄분석을 위해 데이터마트를 구축하였다. 대상 의료 기관에서 총 2,267명이 뇌경색증을 진단 받았고 추출된 진단 데이터는 총 32,692건이었다. 데이터 분석은 Clementine 12.0의 순차규칙 모델링을 이용하였고 8개의 의미 있는 규칙이 발견되었다. 본 연구 결과는 2차 뇌경색 발생 예방 프로그램 개발 및 뇌경색증 환자의 합병증 예방 중재 개발의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.