• 토지주택연구
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2015

본 연구는 정부의 효율적인 공기업 관리정책 추진을 위해서는 기본적으로 공기업의 수명주기 단계를 파악하고 이에 기초한 정책결정이 필요하다는데 연구의 초점을 갖고 있다. 이를 위해 공기업에 적용 가능한 기업수명주기 분류변수를 정의하고 공기업 관리정책의 기초자료로 제공하는데 연구의 목적을 갖고 있다. 이러한 연구목적의 달성을 위해 공기업 중 최근 급격한 부채 증가로 인해 공기업 경영정상화의 대표적인 대상 기업으로 선정된 한국도로공사, 한국수자원공사, 한국철도공사, 한국토지주택공사 등 준시장형 SOC 공기업을 연구범위로 선정하였다. 본 연구는 분류변수 간의 중요도와 적용기준 분석을 위해 1차 전문가 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이를 바탕으로 AHP분석과 빈도분석 등의 통계분석을 활용하여 준시장형 SOC 공기업의 수명주기 분류변수 간 중요도와 적용기준을 분석하였다. 또한, 쇠퇴기 판별을 통해 예상되는 쇠퇴기에서 관리방안을 살펴보고자 2차 전문가 설문조사를 실시하였고, 이들 공기업의 쇠퇴기 예상시기 및 쇠퇴기에서의 관리방법에 대하여 조사 분석하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The authors set out to estimate the related carbon emissions, energy use, and costs of the national freeways and highways in Korea. To achieve this goal, a macro-level methodology for estimating those amounts by road type, road structure type, and road life cycle was developed. METHODS : The carbon emissions, energy use, and costs associated with roads vary according to the road type, road structure type, and road life cycle. Therefore, in this study, the road type, road structure type, and road life cycle were classified into two or three categories based on criteria determined by the authors. The unit amounts of carbon emissions and energy use per unit road length by classification were estimated using data gathered from actual road samples. The unit amounts of cost per unit road length by classification were acquired from the standard cost values provided in the 2013 road business manual. The total carbon emissions, energy use, and cost of the national freeways and highways were calculated by multiplying the road length by the corresponding unit amounts. RESULTS: The total carbon emissions, energy use, and costs associated with the national freeways and highways in Korea were estimated by applying the estimated unit amounts and the developed method. CONCLUSIONS: The developed method can be employed in the road planning and design stage when decision makers need to consider the impact of road construction from an environmental and economic point of view.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.885-892
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• 2011

In this study, LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) on 'Saemangum CSO Project' was carried out to evaluate environmental impact which occurred during the construction and operation periods and the potential environmental impact reduction was analyzed by comparing production and reduction level of pollution loads. LCA was conducted out according to the procedure of ISO14040 which suggested Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Interpretation. In the Goal and Scope Definition, the functional unit was 1 m3 of CSO, the system boundary was construction and operation phases, and the operation period was 20 years. For the data collection and inventory analysis, input energies and materials from civil, architecture, mechanical and electric fields are collected from design sheet but the landscape architecture field is excepted. LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) was performed following the procedure of Eco-Labelling Type III under 6 categories which were resource depletion, eutrophication, global warming, ozone-layer destruction, and photochemical oxide formation. In the result of LCA, 83.4% of environmental impact occurred in the construction phase and 16.6% in the operation phase. Especially 78% of environmental impact occurred in civil works. The Global warming category showed the highest contribution level in the environmental impact categories. For the analysis on potential environmental impact reduction, the reduction and increased of environmental impact which occurred on construction and operation phases were compared. In the case of considering only the operation phase, the result of the comparison showed that 78% of environmental impact is reduced. On the other hand, when considering both the construction and operation phases, 50% of environmental impact is increase. Therefore, this study showed that eco-friendly material and construction method should be used for reduction of environmental impact during life cycle, and it is strongly necessary to develop technology and skills to reduce environmental impact such as renewable energies.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2010

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors for falls in the elderly by life-cycle. Methods: This study used the data on 435 male and female elderly generated from a survey taken at 21 Welfare Centers for the Elderly in Seoul. The incidence of demographic characteristics, physical changes brought about with ageing, health-related behavior, chronic diseases, and environmental characteristics on falls in the elderly was analyzed. Hierarchical Logistic Regression analysis was also conducted to investigate the incidence by life-cycle (early-mid-late stage) and the results were used for predicting falls. Results: The incidence of risk factors on falls varied across life-cycle. Among the elderly in the early (ages from 65 through 74), marital status, the existence of a companion, the quality of sleep, the chronic diseases, and the condition of the bathroom floor were found to be related to falls. Among those in the mid-stage (ages from 75 through 84), sex, marital status, the existence of a companion, hearing capacity, sense of balancing, chronic diseases, the exclusive use of rooms, and the side bar with bath tub were found to affect falls. Finally, for the elderly in their late stage (85 years of age and older), drinking and vision were found to be related to falls. Conclusion: The incidence of risk factors on falls was found to vary according the stage in the elderly. A key implication of this finding is that falls prevention programs and interventions must be catered to specific age sub-groups.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 기업수명주기와 경영자 보상의 관계를 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 기업수명주기에 따른 경영자 보상 수준을 살펴보고, 수명주기별 경영자보상의 성과보상민감도를 살펴보고자 한다. 이와 같은 연구목적을 수행하기 위해, 2003년부터 2014년까지 유가증권시장 및 코스닥시장의 상장기업을 이용하여 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과, 경영자의 보상수준은 도입기에서 가장 낮으며, 성숙기까지 증가하여 성숙기에서 가장 높으며, 쇠퇴기에서 급격하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 성숙기를 제외한 도입기, 성장기, 쇠퇴기에서 성과보상민감도는 회계성과보다 주가성과에 더 연동되는 것으로 나타났으며, 성숙기에서는 회계성과에 강력하게 연동되는 것으로 나타났다. 추가분석을 통해 성장률이 높은 집단에서 회계성과와 주가성과에 연동되는 것으로 나타나 수명주기 결과가 성장률에 의해 나타난 결과가 아님을 확인하였다. 대규모기업집단을 별도로 분석하여 수명주기별 성과보상민감도가 일반적인 결과와 확연하게 다르게 나타남을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 기업의 수명주기에 따라 경영자 보상이 영향을 받는 다는 결과를 나타낸다는 점에서 기존연구와 차별성을 갖으며 관련 연구에 보탬이 된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.681-691
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 전과정평가 방법론을 활용하여 교량용 탄성받침 제조 공정에 대한 전과정목록(LCI) DB를 구축하고, 교량의 환경부하평가시 신뢰성 향상율을 분석하였다. 교량용 탄성받침의 영향평가 결과, 6대 영향범주 중 자원고갈, 지구온난화, 광화학산화물 생성 범주 순으로 주로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타냈다. 투입물의 기여도에서는 대부분의 영향범주에서 후판이 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 구축된 교량용 탄성받침 전과정목록(LCI) DB를 교량 환경부하평가에 적용한 결과 환경부하량은 평균 0.53% 증가하였으며, 투입자재의 금액기준 Cut-off는 11.36% 증가하였다. 교량용 탄성받침 LCI DB 구축을 통해 향후 온실가스 배출량 산정, 환경부하평가 등의 신뢰성을 향상시키고 현재 생산기술에 기반한 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.394-399
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• 2009

Since some decades ago, there has been a concern for resource depletion and environmental pollution associated with building properties. In addressing such impact of the built environment, there is a recognition of the existence of alternative building materials, fuels for energy supply as well as technologies for waste handling and disposal. Nevertheless, for long time, the choice between such alternatives was dictated by factors such as differences in prices and aesthetic values. A new important dimension in discriminating between different options is the environmental dimension. This aspect is important since buildings are one of the spatially big new additions to the natural environment that consume a lot of materials and energy during their long lifetime. Thus, with the environmental dimension kept in mind, a existing cost estimation needs to be changed. A new cost assessment method, Life Cycle Cost, should calculate overall costs with dimensional factors: investment and utility costs as well as maintenance costs over the lifetime of the building. Aiming to give an overview of the present status of Building Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) tools as a basis for further research and development including economic performance, this paper describes and compares 3 different tools for Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) and economic analysis of the green buildings. This paper compared these approaches based on various aspects. These include economic analysis method, evaluation duration, data of results(index). Use of the comparison analysis is to produce a better picture and indicate profits and shortcomings for the tools as a group; thus providing important direction improvement of LCA tool as well as further research and development of this group of tools.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2019

본 연구는 중국기업의 기업수명주기를 성장기, 성숙기, 쇠퇴기 등 3단계로 구분하여 2011년부터 2017년까지 중국 중소상장기업(SME) 3,750개를 대상으로 공시데이터를 활용하여 기업수명주기별 연구개발투자강도(매출액 대비 연구개발비 총액)가 경영성과(총자산이익률)에 미치는 영향에 대해 실증 분석하였다. 분석결과, 연구개발투자강도(RDS)과 차기(t년도)의 기업 경영성과(ROA)에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었고 기업수명주기에 따라 연구개발투자가 기업의 경영성과에 다르게 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 실증결과는 기업의 연구개발투자와 관련한 전략적 의사결정을 할 때 산업특성 및 기업특성을 고려하여 연구개발투자와 관련한 지출 규모, 자원을 투입 시간 등을 결정하는데 있어서 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.636-642
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• 2022

The "Hydrogen Economic Activation Road map" was announced in 2019, and hydrogen demand is expected to exceed 470,000 tons per year in 2022 and keep increasing. Under this circumstance, it has become important to understand the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with various hydrogen production pathways. In this study, the evaluation of life cycle GHG emissions regarding the hydrogen produced as by-product from coke oven gas (COG) in steel mill is conducted. To cover the possible range of operations, three literatures were reviewed and their data of inputs and outputs for the process were adopted for calculation. Life cycle inventories and emission factors were mostly referred to GaBi and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines, respectively. When there are multiple products from a single process, the energy allocation method was applied. Based on these sources and the assumptions, the life cycle emission values of COG-based hydrogen were found to be 3.8 to 4.7 kg/CO₂-eq./kg-H₂.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.481-496
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• 2023

Purpose: The main theme of this study is to derive a profit curve by a cubic cost function for nonlinear CVP analysis. According to the analytical approach to derive a nonlinear profit function in this study, it is possible with only the existing cost structure to calculate the profit maximization and downtime point sales unlike the classical CVP analysis. Furthermore, the profit curve by the mathematical model of this study could serve as a tool to quantify the qualitative evaluation of each stage of the industry life cycle. Methods: This study followed the mathematical approach from the cubic cost function model of microeconomics, and using real data of the Bank of Korea Results: The nonlinear profit function suggested by this study is as follows; ${\pi}(x)=-a\left(x-\frac{f}{1-v}\right)^3+(1-v)x-k$ where $a=\frac{1}{3}v\left(\frac{(1-v)}{f}\right)^2,k=f-a\left(1-\frac{f}{1-v \right)^3$ Conclusion: The process and results of this study would be able to contribute not only in practice of nonlinear CVP analysis required in the management accounting or financial management, but also in cost theory of microeconomics. Also, since the life cycle of all industries in Korea was verified to the growth or mature stage, decision makers should pay careful attention to determining life cycle stages and consider the profit curve by the average variable cost ratio over multi periods.