• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2012

Purpose: This experimental research explored the effects of aroma inhalation on blood pressure, pulse, sleep, stress, and anxiety in patients with essential hypertension who are taking antihypertensive medication. Methods: A pilot survey, pre-test and post-test were conducted. The data were collected from August to October, 2009. The participants were 44 patients randomly assigned to an experimental group (22 people) and a control group (22 people). The experimental group received individual instruction for aroma inhalation, which lasted for 3 minutes. They inhaled blended oils of Lavender, Majoram and Ylang Ylang (The mixed ratio was 4:3:3), three times a day, for two weeks. Data from 36 patients were used for the final analysis (20 from the experimental group, 16 from the control group). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0. Results: Sleep disturbance decreased in the experimental group (t=-2.258, $p$=.030). Blood pressure, pulse, stress, and anxiety were not significantly different between the two groups ($p$ >.05). Additional analysis of the experimental group showed that physical stress and psychological stress were significantly lowered. Conclusion: Aroma inhalation is an effective paramedical intervention for patients with essential hypertension.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.7
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• pp.1255-1262
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• 2009

The present study explained the phenomenon that low frequency oscillation is synchronized with discrete data obtained from a wide area system, and a sync search method. When a disturbance occurs in an power system, various controllers operate in order to maintain synchronization. If the system's damping is poor, low frequency oscillations continue for a long time and the oscillations are synchronized with one another at specific frequency. The present study estimated dominant modes, magnitude and phase of signals by applying parameter estimation methods to discrete signals obtained from an power system, and performed sync search among wide area signals by comparing the estimated data. Sync search was performed by selecting those with the same frequency and damping constant from dominant oscillation modes included in a large number of signals, and comparing their magnitude and phase. In addition, we defined sync indexes in order to indicate the degree of sync between areas in a wide area system. Furthermore, we proposed a wide area sync search method by normalizing mode magnitude in discrete data obtained from critical generator of the wide area. By applying the sync search method and sync indexes proposed in this study to two area systems, we demonstrated that sync scanning can be performed for discrete signals obtained from power systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.119-126
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• 2008

Ground stiffness(shear wave velocity) is one of the key parameters in geotechnical earthquake engineering. An In-situ seismic technique has its own advantages and disadvantages over the others in stiffness measurements. By combining the crosshole and seismic cone techniques and utilizing favourable features of bender elements, a new hybrid probe has been developed in order to enhance data quality and easiness of testing. The basic structure of the probe, called "MudFork", is a fork composed of two blades, on each of which source and receiver bender elements were mounted respectively. To evaluate the disturbance caused by the penetration of the probe, shear wave velocity measurements were carried out in the Kaolinite slurry in the laboratory. Finally, the probe was penetrated in coastal mud near Incheon, Korea, using SPT(standard penetration test)rods pushed with a routine boring machine and shear wave velocity measurements were carried out. The results were verified with data from laboratory and cone testing. The performance of the probe turns out to be excellent in terms of data quality and testing convenience.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.93-102
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• 2017

Wireless MEMS sensors have common features such as wireless communication, data measurement, embedded processing, battery-based self-power, and low cost, and increased measurement effectiveness. Wireless MEMS sensors enable efficient SHM without interfering with location because there is no requirement for triboelectric noise and cumbersome cables. However, there is little research on the communication distance with sensors and data. For instance, existing researches have limited communication distance experiments in civil engineering bridges. It is also necessary to investigate the characteristics of dynamic behavior and the communication distance of architectural structures with different wireless transmission/reception environments. Therefore, in a building structure with walls and slabs instead of open spaces, MEMS sensors and data loggers were used as distance experiments where communication disturbance between the vertical slab and the horizontal wall could actually be communicated.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.166-172
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• 2003

Multi­Sensor Core Logger (MSCL) is a useful system for logging the physical properties (compressional wave velocity, wet bulk density, fractional porosity, magnetic susceptibility and/or natural gamma radiation) of marine sediments through scanning of whole cores in a nondestructive fashion. But MSCL has a number of problems that can lead to spurious results depending on the various factors such as core slumping, gas expansion, mechanical stretching, and the thickness variation of core liner and sediment. For the verification of MSCL data, compressional wave velocity, wet bulk density, and porosity were measured on discrete samples by Hamilton Frame and Gravimetric method, respectively. Acoustic impedance was also calculated. Physical property data (velocity, wet bulk density, and impedance) logged by MSCL were slightly larger than those of discrete sample, and porosity is reverse. Average difference between MSCL and discrete sample at both sites is relatively small such as 22­24 m/s in velocity, $0.02­-0.08\;g/\textrm{cm}^3$ in wet bulk density, and 2.5­2.7% in porosity. The values also show systematic variation with sediment depth. A variety of factors are probably responsible for the differences including instrument error, various measurement method, sediment disturbance, and accuracy of calibration. Therefore, MSCL can be effectively used to collect physical property data with high resolution and quality, if the calibration is accurately completed.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2012

In this paper, we utilize training strategy of hidden Markov model (HMM) to use in versatile issues such as classification of time-series sequential data such as electric transient disturbance problem in power system. For this, an automatic means of optimizing HMMs would be highly desirable, but it raises important issues: model interpretation and complexity control. With this in mind, we explore the possibility of using genetic algorithm (GA) and harmony search (HS) algorithm for optimizing the HMM. GA is flexible to allow incorporating other methods, such as Baum-Welch, within their cycle. Furthermore, operators that alter the structure of HMMs can be designed to simple structures. HS algorithm with parameter-setting free technique is proper for optimizing the parameters of HMM. HS algorithm is flexible so as to allow the elimination of requiring tedious parameter assigning efforts. In this paper, a sequential data analysis simulation is illustrated, and the optimized-HMMs are evaluated. The optimized HMM was capable of classifying a sequential data set for testing compared with the normal HMM.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.411-430
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• 2002

Purpose : This study was to develop Nursing Process Model of abdominal surgery patient using nursing diagnoses of NANDA, Nursing Interventions Classification(NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification(NOC). Method : The data in database were collected from nursing records in sixty patients with abdominal surgery admitted in a university hospital and open questionnaires of thirteen nurses. Systematic nursing process resulting from each nursing diagnoses, most common, was developed by the statistical analysis through database query from clinical database of abdominal surgery patients. Result : 51 nursing diagnoses were identified in abdominal surgery patients. The most commonly occurred nursing diagnoses were Pain, Risk for Infection, Sleep Pattern Disturbance, Hyperthermia, Altered Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements in order. The linkage lists of NANDA to NIC and NANDA to NOC, and the nursing activities according to nursing diagnoses of abdominal surgery patients were identified in unit. Conclusion : Nursing Process of abdominal surgery patients was comprised of core nursing diagnoses, core nursing interventions, core nursing outcomes which provides the most reliable data in unit and could make nurses facilitate nursing process easily without full consideration of knowledge about nursing language classification system. Therefore, it could support nurses' decision making and recording of nursing process especially in the computerized patient record system if unit nursing process model using standardized nursing language system which contains of their own core nursing process data was developed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.134-140
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• 2023

The distributed system is playing a vital role in storing and processing big data and data generation is speedily increasing from various sources every second. Hadoop has a scalable, and efficient distributed system supporting commodity hardware by combining different networks in the topographical locality. Node support in the Hadoop cluster is rapidly increasing in different versions which are facing difficulty to manage clusters. Hadoop does not provide Node management, adding and deletion node futures. Node identification in a cluster completely depends on DHCP servers which managing IP addresses, hostname based on the physical address (MAC) address of each Node. There is a scope to the hacker to theft the data using IP or Hostname and creating a disturbance in a distributed system by adding a malicious node, assigning duplicate IP. This paper proposing novel node management for the distributed system using DNA hiding and generating a unique key using a unique physical address (MAC) of each node and hostname. The proposed mechanism is providing better node management for the Hadoop cluster providing adding and deletion node mechanism by using limited computations and providing better node security from hackers. The main target of this paper is to propose an algorithm to implement Node information hiding in DNA sequences to increase and provide security to the node from hackers.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.95-106
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• 1997

A pressuremeter is an expandable tube which is placed in the soil, and then expanded under controlled condition against the soil. From this test a pressure expansion curve of the soil can be obtained. However soil disturbance during the test has significant influence on the results of tests. A general governing equation for pressuremeter test can be theoretically derived on the basis of the hyperbolic soil model and the cavity expansion theory. The curve fitting technique was used to establish the pressure-strain curve without disturbance of soil during testing. This interpretation makes use of both the loading and unloading portions of the test. An interpretation methodology is described and illustrated with pressuremeter test data carried out in the weathered granitic soil to estimate initial shear modulus. Standard penetration test is a very common site investigation technique in Korea. Therefore the blow counts of standard penetration test are discussed by comparing them with initial shear modulus.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.238-246
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• 2015

A stepping motor is widely used to operate the elevation and azimuth stage of the X-band antenna with 2-axis gimbal system for effective image data transmission from a satellite to a ground station. However, such stepping motor also generates an undesirable micro-vibration which is one of the main disturbance sources affecting image quality of the high-resolution observation satellite. In order to improve the image quality, the micro-vibration isolation of the X-band antenna system is essential. In this study, the low rotational stiffness isolator has been proposed to reduce the micro-vibration disturbance induced by elevation direction operation of the X-band antenna. In addition, its structural safety was confirmed by the structure analysis based on the derived torque budget. The effectiveness of the design was also verified through the micro-vibration measurement test.