• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.134-145
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to present the functional and technical solutions for text learning of web-based textbook in which each letter has its own focal point. The solutions help learners not to lose the main focus when eye moves to the next letter or line. The text screen of the electronic textbook automatically scrolls the text to up and down or left and right directions which are preassigned by learner. It doesn't need the operation of mouse or keyboard. And learner can change scroll speed and types anytime during scrolling. Automatic text scroll function is a solution for controlling data and screen to reflect the personal favor and ability. It contains the content structure of the text(characteristics, categorizations etc.), the appearance of the text(density, size, font etc.), scroll options(scroll, speed etc.), program control type(ram resident program etc.), and the application of the screen design principles(legibility etc.). To resolve these functional problems, technical 8 phases are provided, which are environment setting, scroll option setting, copy, data analysis, scroll coding, centered focus coding, left and right focus coding, implementation. The learner can focus on text without dispersion because the text focal points stay in the fixed area of screen. 1bey read the text following their preferences for fonts, sizes, line spacing and so on.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2008

This article aims to identify the current status of outsourced production of Dongdaemun brands and to discover the consumers' perception of those outsourced products, their degree of satisfaction, and preference in purchasing those products. Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of the outsourced products, as perceived by the consmers, have been identified, and specific methods and directions for efficient overseas outsourcing of Dongdaemun brands are suggested. This study also contains experimental works, in which I have prepared questionnaires, and my advisor have collected data. This survey was conducted on corporation managers, who directly operated clothing stores in Dongdaemun Market in December 2007. The collected data have been analyzed using SPSS 12.0 with various techniques such as t-test, paired t-test, frequency analysis and $X^2$-test. The results are summarized as the following: a) Comparison of the current outsourcing status of Dongdaemun brands showed that only eight out of the total 42 investigated companies have actually been outsourcing the production of their clothes. The biggest advantage of outsourcing was the reduced unit production cost, while low quality of products, delayed production, difficulty of control and management were shown as its disadvantages; b) the reason for purchasing clothes in Dongdaemun Market was to buy various clothing products. Comparing these reasons among different groups showed that there was a significant discrepancy in terms of trend design and copy design, in which wholesale consumers had shown a higher degree than retail consumers; c) and the preference for outsourced products of Dongdaemun brands was negative in both wholesale consumers (71.05%) and retail consumers (83.54%), as they both prefer clothes manufactured in Korea. Both groups selected the expensive price as the biggest disadvantage of Korean products, and picked design as the biggest strength of the outsourced clothes. Furthennore, both wholesale consumers (63.16%) and retail consumers (74.68%) selected Italy as the most preferred country for outsourcing clothing production. in which their reason had been their expectation for good product quality. The least preferred country for both wholesale (47.37%) and retail (50.63%) consumers was China, a country which they expected poor product quality.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.192-200
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• 2012

For the development of genetically modified plants, it is important to verify various factors which potentially affect the risk assessment as well as to establish an experimental program to produce scientific and reliable data. However, it is a time and cost consuming process to develop GM plants as well as to prepare scientific and convincible data for government's approval. Therefore, using the transgenic hot pepper tolerant to a new CMV pathotype, we attempted to suggest few methodological procedures, such as probe saturation for southern blot analysis and RT-PCR and ELISA for expression analysis, for identification and stability evaluation of inserted gene in genetically modified plant which are required for submission for approval. Ten partially overlapped probes covering full length of inserted gene were produced. We could identify that the inserted gene was stacked as a single copy as well as no partial element existed. Also, we could identify the stability of the inserted gene stacked in hot pepper using probe saturation. In the expression analysis with RT-PCR and ELISA, we also could provide the stable expression of transcript and proteins in leaves and placenta and pericarp of fruits of the CMV-resistant hot pepper.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.347-354
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• 2007

Commercialization of genetically modified (GM) plants will be required the assessment of risks associated with the release of GM plants that should include a detailed risk assessment of their impacts in human health and the environment. Prior to GM plant release, applicants should provide the information on GM crops for approval. We carried out this study to provide the molecular data for risk assessment of the GM Chinese cabbage plants with insect-resistance gene, modified CryIAc, which we obtained by Agrobacterium-transformation. From the molecular analysis with GM Chinese cabbage, we confirmed the transgene copy number and stability, the expression of the transgene, and integration region sequences between the transgene and the Chinese cabbage genome. Based on the unique integration DNA sequences, we designed specific primer set to detect GM Chinese cabbage and set up the GM cabbage detection method by qualitative PCR analysis. Qualitative analysis with GM Chinese cabbage progenies analysis was revealed the same as the result of herbicide treatment. Our results provided the molecular data for risk assessment analysis of GM Chinese cabbage and demonstrated that the primer set proposed could be useful to detect GM Chinese cabbage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.46-55
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• 2006

(주)지노믹트리는 DNA 마이크로어레이 기술을 기반으로 하는 분자진단회사로서, 다음의 세가지 사업에 전력하고 있다. 첫째는 독창적이며 특화된 바이오마커 발굴기술 (MAGIC system)을 바탕으로 각종 암진단을 위한 바이오마커 개발연구 두 번째는 당사의 원천 기술인 다중동시검출 시스템을 이용한 질병 진단 시스템 및 증폭시스템 세 번째는 마이크로어레이 기술을 이용한 유전자 발현 분석, Array CGH, DNA 메틸레이션 분석 그리고 miRNA 검출 등의 지노믹스시대의 연구를 위한 토탈솔루션을 제공하고 있다. 지난 5년간의 마이크로어레이 기반기술을 이용한 자체연구 활동을 수행하면서 축적된 마이크로어레이 관련기술 노-하우들을 국내 마이크로어레이 연구자들에게 공급하기 위하여 노력하고 있다. 특히 당사의 지노믹서비스 부문은 유전자 발현 분석 솔루션 제공을 위해서 자체적으로 제작하여 공급하고 있는 human cDNA(17K/25K) 및 rat cDNA (5.0K) 마이크로어레이, Human (22K) 및 mouse (10K) 올리고뉴클레오타이드 마이크로 어레이 그리고 미생물 연구를 위한 대장균 (6K) 및 폐렴균 (2.2K) 올리고뉴클레오타이드 마이크로어레이 제공 및 이를 이용한 유전자 발현 분석 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 체적으로 제작되는 마이크로어레이 서비스는 2001년 도입한 ISO9001 품질인증시스템의 기반하에서 제작부터 생산까지의 엄격한 품질관리 과정을 거쳐서 고품질의 마이크로어레이를 이용한 분석서비스를 제공 하고 있다. 또한 고객요구형 서비스를 위하여 국외 유수의 마이크로어레이 회사 (Agilent, Microarray Inc, TIGR, Eurogentec 등)의 whole genome 기반의 마이크로어레이 제품을 이용한 분석서비스를 제공하고 있으며 마이크로어레이 실험을 위해서 필수적으로 이용되고 있는 시약 (labeling kit), 마이크로어레이 hybridization을 위한 hardware (hybridization chamber, hnay centrifuge)등을 자체적으로 개발하여 공급하고 있다. DNA copy number 측정을 위한 Array CGH 분석을 위해서는 자체적으로 제작공구하고 있는 human cDNA 마이크로어레이 (17K/25K) 그기고 rat (5.0K) 마이크로어레이를 이용한 분석서비스 및 whole genome 기반의 Agilent 올리고뉴클레오타이드 CGH 어레이 (44K, 35Kb resolution)를 이용한 분석서비스를 제공하고 있다. Epigenetic study를 하는 연구자들을 위한 메틸레이션 마이크로어레이 분석 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 기존분석법인 Bisulfite 처리기반의 분석이 아닌 enzyme digestion후 PCR 증폭방법을 이용한 분석방법을 이용함으로써, bisulfite 처리에 의한 DNA 손실문제를 최소화 하였다. 현재 50개의 문헌을 통해 잘 보고된 메틸레이션 유전자들에 대한 분석서비스를 제공하고 있으며, 지속적으로 표적컨텐츠의 숫자를 증가시킬 예정이다. 최근 많은 연구자들의 관심을 끌고 있는 micro RNA 검출을 위한 DNA 마이크로어레이 서비스를 제공할 예정이다 (2006년 3월 출시). 현재 까지 알려진 약 320개의 모든 miRNA를 탑재하고 있는 소형 DNA 마이크로어레이를 이용한 분석서비스로서 1장의 마이크로어레이 실험을 통하여 알려진 모든 miRNA의 비교분석이 가능하다. 마이크로어레이 실험 뿐만 아니라 data 분석을 위한 software도 상당히 중요한 비중을 차지하고 있다 이를 위하여 (주)지노믹트리는 Agilent에서 개발한 GeneSpring GX (유전자 발현 분석), Signet (마이크로어레이 database) 및 GeneSpring GT (SNP 분석)를 공급하고 있다. 통계적인 기반 지식의 없은 일반 user들을 위한 간편하면서도 종합적인 기능을 포함하고 있는 우수한 프로그램으로 이미 국제적으로 많은 인정을 받고 있다. (주)지노믹트리는 국내외 많은 연구자들의 경제적, 시간적 연구여건을 고려한 마이크로어레이 토탈솔루션을 제공하고 있으며, 실험 분석에서 data 마이닝 그리고 마이크로어레이 실험 디자인에 이르는 토탈솔루션을 제공하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.901-909
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• 2021

Since mobile devices have limited computational resources, it tends to use the cloud to compute or store data. As real-time becomes more important due to 5G, many studies have been conducted on edge clouds that computes at locations closer to users than central clouds. The farther the user's physical distance from the edge cloud connected to base station is, the slower the network transmits. So applications should be migrated and re-run to nearby edge cloud for smooth service use. We run applications in docker containers, which is independent of the host operating system and has a relatively light images size compared to the virtual machine. Existing migration studies have been experimented by using network simulators. It uses fixed values, so it is different from the results in the real-world environment. In addition, the method of migrating images through shared storage was used, which poses a risk of packet content exposure. In this paper, Containers are migrated with Secure CoPy(SCP) method, a data encryption transmission, by establishing an edge computing environment in a real-world environment. It compares migration time with Network File System, one of the shared storage methods, and analyzes network packets to verify safety.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.21-35
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• 2018

Since the introduction of MP3 players, CD recordings have gradually been vanishing, and the music consuming environment of music users is shifting to mobile devices. The introduction of smart devices has increased the utilization of music through music playback, mass storage, and search functions that are integrated into smartphones and tablets. At the time of initial MP3 player supply, the bitrate of the compressed music contents generally was 128 Kbps. However, as increasing of the demand for high quality music, sound quality of 384 Kbps appeared. Recently, music content of FLAC (Free License Audio Codec) format using lossless compression method is becoming popular. The download service of many music sites in Korea has classified by unlimited download with technical protection and limited download without technical protection. Digital Rights Management (DRM) technology is used as a technical protection measure for unlimited download, but it can only be used with authenticated devices that have DRM installed. Even if music purchased by the user, it cannot be used by other devices. On the contrary, in the case of music that is limited in quantity but not technically protected, there is no way to enforce anyone who distributes it, and in the case of high quality music such as FLAC, the loss is greater. In this paper, the author proposes an audio watermarking technology for copyright protection of high quality stereo music. Two kinds of information, "Copyright" and "Copy_free", are generated by using the turbo code. The two watermarks are composed of 9 bytes (72 bits). If turbo code is applied for error correction, the amount of information to be inserted as 222 bits increases. The 222-bit watermark was expanded to 1024 bits to be robust against additional errors and finally used as a watermark to insert into stereo music. Turbo code is a way to recover raw data if the damaged amount is less than 15% even if part of the code is damaged due to attack of watermarked content. It can be extended to 1024 bits or it can find 222 bits from some damaged contents by increasing the probability, the watermark itself has made it more resistant to attack. The proposed algorithm uses quantization in DCT so that watermark can be detected efficiently and SNR can be improved when stereo music is converted into mono. As a result, on average SNR exceeded 40dB, resulting in sound quality improvements of over 10dB over traditional quantization methods. This is a very significant result because it means relatively 10 times improvement in sound quality. In addition, the sample length required for extracting the watermark can be extracted sufficiently if the length is shorter than 1 second, and the watermark can be completely extracted from music samples of less than one second in all of the MP3 compression having a bit rate of 128 Kbps. The conventional quantization method can extract the watermark with a length of only 1/10 compared to the case where the sampling of the 10-second length largely fails to extract the watermark. In this study, since the length of the watermark embedded into music is 72 bits, it provides sufficient capacity to embed necessary information for music. It is enough bits to identify the music distributed all over the world. 272 can identify $4*10^{21}$, so it can be used as an identifier and it can be used for copyright protection of high quality music service. The proposed algorithm can be used not only for high quality audio but also for development of watermarking algorithm in multimedia such as UHD (Ultra High Definition) TV and high-resolution image. In addition, with the development of digital devices, users are demanding high quality music in the music industry, and artificial intelligence assistant is coming along with high quality music and streaming service. The results of this study can be used to protect the rights of copyright holders in these industries.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.108-116
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a Ethernet based audio distribution system with a new L1/L2 hybrid switching scheme, and evaluate its performance. The proposed scheme not only offers guaranteed low latency and jitter characteristics that are essentially required for the distribution of high-quality uncompressed audio traffic, and but also provide an efficient transmission of data traffic on the Ethernet environment. The audio distribution system with a proposed scheme consists of a master node and a number of relay nodes, and all nodes are mutually connected as a daisy-chain topology through up and downlinks. The master node generates an audio frame for each cycle of 125us, and the audio frame has 24 time slotted audio channels for carrying stereo 24 channels of 16-bit PCM sampled audio. On receiving the audio frame from its upstream node via the downlink, each intermediate node inserts its audio traffic to the reserved time slot for itself, then relays again to next node through its physical layer(L1) transmission - repeating. After reaching the end node, the audio frame is loopbacked through the uplink. On repeating through the uplink, each node makes a copy of audio slot that node has to receive, then play the audio. When the audio transmission is completed, each node works as a normal L2 switch, thus data frames are switched during the remaining period. For supporting this L1/L2 hybrid switching capability, we insert a glue logic for parsing and multiplexing audio and data frames at MII(Media Independent Interlace) between the physical and data link layers. The proposed scheme can provide a good delay performance and transmission efficiency than legacy Ethernet based audio distribution systems. For verifying the feasibility of the proposed L1/L2 hybrid switching scheme, we use OMNeT++ as a simulation tool with various parameters. From the simulation results, one can find that the proposed scheme can provides outstanding characteristics in terms of both jitter characteristic for audio traffic and transmission efficiency of data traffics.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2020

Over the last 30 years, the use of chairside computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems has evolved and has become increasingly popular in dentistry. Although CAD/CAM restorations have been used in the anterior dentition, satisfying the esthetic requirements of clinicians and patients, where the restorations are limited to the chairside, remains a challenge. To reproduce multi-shades of CAD/CAM restorations in the clinic, a preliminary experiment to express several shades on A2 lithium disilicate (LS2) blocks using a staining kit was performed. After measurement of the CIE L^*a^*b^* value of specimens, it was compared with that of the commercial shade guide. This report presents two cases with individual customization of shade and surface characterization of the CAD/CAM restorations using predictable methods based on the preliminary experimental data. The anatomical shape of restoration was obtained from 'copy and paste technique' and 'mirror image acquisition technique'. All treatment procedures and fabrication of restorations performed in this report were executed in the clinic itself.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.307-314
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• 2004

Xenotransplantation of porcine organs has the potential to overcome the severe. shortage of human tissues and organs available for human transplantation. The swine represents an ideal source of such organs because of their plentiful supply and their numerous anatomical and physiological similarities to the human. However, this procedure also carries with a number of safety issues relating to the zoonotic infections. Porcine endogenous retrovinJses(PERVs), \Wich are germ line transmitted and persist without symptoms in the pigs, are most concerning zoonotic viroses. In order to analyze the prevalence of PERV in domestic pigs, four kinds of pigs'(Landrace, Berkshire, Yorkshire, and Duroc) genomic DNA were isolated from their hair follicles. PCR analysis was carried out for detection of PERVs using subgroup A/B/C and E pol sequence primers. All pigs (20 heads) tested had high copy number of PERVs within genomes. Subgroup A/B/C and E pol gene sequences from 20 isolates were determined by direct sequencing. Sequence analysis showed pol sequences are highly conserved among intra- and inter-subspecies(99.l and 98.8%, respectively). As a first report of PERV prevalence in Korea pigs, our data would be the basic concepts of PERV transmission study in xenotransplantation.