• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2003

In Scandinavian countries, where the society experienced change of typical nuclear family structure and higher vocational activity rates of married women earlier than East Asian countries, cohousing scheme has been evolved as an alternative housing to reduce housework for working women, and to reduce loneliness of elderly people who stay in their own homes. They can promote active mutual relationship among residents in the community. Korean family structure has been stemmed to more like extended family, but the tendency to live independently from their married children is getting more and more common in new cohort of senior citizens who are active, healthy, economically stable and higher educated. Korea has been industrialized rather rapidly since 1970's and faces to many societal phenomena about quality of life for senior citizens. Introduction of alternative housing solution for these senior citizens is necessary in Korea. In this paper, Danish senior cohousing scheme, particularly, self-work model project is described about its design feature in accordance to site planning, common facility, and dwelling unit. Aiming to mutual support and more frequent social contacts among residents, self-work model cohousing scheme has different design concept from the service mode scheme. Information about design feature of senior cohousing was collected from the published data with drawings and from field survey to 10 exiting projects in Denmark. Of those, 5 projects were described as a case study. It, hopefully, could provide practical information for architectural design when establishment of senior cohousing schemes start in Korea in the near future.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.228-234
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• 2020

Background: The concept of social capital has its focus on cooperative relations in the workplace. This study investigates the association between social capital and sickness absence among workers in 41 work groups in the Danish dairy industry and examines the possible effects of an intervention on social capital in the workplace on sickness absence. Methods: A sample of 791 dairy workers working in 41 work groups that participated in an intervention study on social capital filled in a questionnaire on four subtypes of social capital, and social capital scores from individual participants were aggregated to the level of work groups. Sickness absence was measured at the level of work groups in company registers as the two-year average percentage of working time lost to sickness absence. Group-level associations between social capital and sickness absence were analyzed using multilevel linear regression analysis. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, group size, and random effects at the workplace level. Results: We found statistically significant associations between social capital within work groups, social capital in relation to the immediate manager, and social capital toward the workplace as a whole on the one side and sickness absence on the other side. We found no support for any effects of the intervention on sickness absence. Conclusion: The work group level of social capital is associated with the work group level of sickness absence. However, the intervention to enhance group-level social capital had no effect on reducing sickness absence in the intervention group.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.345-348
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• 2014

Six specimens (151.4~171.2 mm in standard length) of the poacher Aspidophoroides monopterygius were collected by Danish seine net in the coastal waters off Samcheok and Gangneung, the East Sea, Korea. This species is characterized by a slender body, one dorsal fin, terminal mouth, no barbel on the head, and a pair of nasal spines on the snout. It differs from Anoplagonus occidentalis Lindberg in having a nasal spine. We describe it as the first record within the Korean fish fauna, and propose the new Korean name "Ak-eo-jul-go-gi" for this species.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2004

This study is carried out to investigate the effect of any periods in the freezer and the product of value, moisture content, baking loss, specific volume loaf in manufncturing process thereof. The moisture content of the croissant slightly decreased as the periods passed in the freezer. And as passed periods frozen croissant dough dried naturally by the freezer fan. 1. As frozen periods passed croissant dough decreased moisture content and loaf volume. The volume is relation to the molsture content and croissant dough' gluten. Yeast is active but croissant dough is dried so pastry margarine's moisture vaporized little by little. 2. 1 day frozen bench time provided maximum specific loaf volume while croissant shape was unsettled, moisture content was highest. At the same dough croissant hardness had very sofi crust. 3. 1week and 2weets frozen dough had specific loaf volume and hardness with proper crust color. As the proper bench time provided best shape of croissant, color. 4. 4weeks and 8weeks frozen dough had over-al] value of croissant accelerating older product. As the same result, over Sweets frozen periods product were not available for sale and serving to customers. 5. By the sensory evaluation tests, over-all croissant as 1 week, 2weeks were significantly higher quality those than 6. 1day, 4weeks and 8weeks. Textural properties of croissant over 4weeks frozen periods so hard for every panel. According to the study, not croissant dough but also any other frozen dough(ex.Danish, brioche etc.)have to need proper bench time and 1week or 2weeks circulation making method have to given encouragement to practical pastry industry. Add to this study using only for frozen dough yeast instead of using fresh and instant

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 2001

This study was performed to determine the prevalence of hypodontia and hyperdontia of permanent teeth among Korean schoolchildren, and to compare differences in the prevalence between Korea, other country, and other ethnic groups. The sample consisted of 346 girls aged 6.9～0.3 yr and 375 boys aged 6.8～0.4 yr on whom a panoramic radiograph was taken at Yeonchun-Gun community in Korea. The prevalence of congenitally missing teeth (third molars excluded) was 6.7% in boys and somewhat higher, 9.5% in girls, and 8.0% for both sexes combined. On the average, number of missing teeth per affected child was 1.9 teeth. The most commonly congenitally missing teeth were the mandibular second premolar (32.7%), followed by the mandibular incisor (28.7%), the maxillary second premolar (16.7%), and the maxillary lateral incisors (10.2%). The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was 2.1 % in boys, 1.4% in girls, and 1.8% for both sexes combined. The most common supernumerary teeth were the mesiodens (76.9%), followed by the supernumerary premolar (23.1 %). The affected male-female ratio was 1.6: 1.0. The prevalence of congenital missing teeth in this study was similar to in studies of Japanese, Danish, American and German. The frequency of hyperdontia was lower in this study than in studies of Chinese children, Japanese and American.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.69 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2010

The year of 2009~2010 brought a number of concepts and new ideas were evaluated with promising results. However, some studies that challenged many beliefs. In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), recent clinical studies took into consideration of pathophysiologic changes of respiratory system compliance. Meta-analysis of positive end-expiratory pressure trials showed survival benefit of high positive end-expiratory pressure in ARDS. Until now, prone positioning did not show survival benefit in patients with ARDS. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) based management improved survival in patients with severe ARDS. ECMO can be a management option in severe ARDS. Sedation is a standard practice in critically ill patients needing mechanical ventilation. However, Danish group reported less sedation of critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation was associated with an increase in days without ventilation. Although this single center study has some limitations, the overall results are promising. Use of maximal sterile barrier precautions (mask, sterile gown, sterile gloves, and large sterile drapes) with chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing reduced central venous catheter related infection. Selective oropharyngeal decontamination (application of topical antibiotics in the oropharynx) reduced the mortality rate of an intensive care unit (ICU) population. Normoglycemia in Intensive Care Evaluation and Survival Using Glucose Algorithm Regulation (NICE-SUGAR) trial reported intensive glucose control increased mortality among adults in the ICU. Some of the results of above papers are promising. However, some ideas may need for more frequent individual assessment and increase the workload of ICU staffs. Before implementation of new practice in ICU, we should take into consideration of individual hospital situation including human and material resources.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.3-10
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• 2012

Vilhelm Wohlert is the Danish architect who designed Louisiana Museum of Modern Art near Copenhagen. Because of Louisiana Museum's popularity, Vilhelm Wohlert's name was started to be aware since 1990s. Although he is a well-known architect in Denmark, unfortunately his name is unknown in other countries. He designed various design projects from small scale furniture design to large scale museum and public projects. There are three programmatic categories in his architecture: exhibition programs including Louisiana Museum, residential program including private houses, and public programs including churches and schools. This thesis focuses on his residential design projects. Even though he designed a multi-family houses, Wohlert's house design consists of mainly one-off large private houses located in a nice natural environment. In chapter 3, the general history of his house projects was studied. Among them, the first exhibition house for Forum was explained more deeply to show Wohlert's early house design philosophy. In chapter 4, three built house projects were analyzed in detail. Analytical diagrams were used to show the key elements in the residential space. They are program composition, circulation, spatialization elements, final construction. His buildings have been compared with Alvar Aalto, Frank Lloyd Wright, and other Scandinavian architects. But there are some major differences that make Wohlert's design unique. In chapter 5, the case analysis results were summarized together to highlight the specific design characteristics found in Wohlert's residential design process. The universal spatial quality found in his residential projects can be applied in contemporary spatial designs.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1047-1053
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• 2015

A time-domain simulation tool to predict the dynamic power output of wind turbines in an offshore wind farm was developed in this study. A wind turbine model consisting of first or second order transfer functions of various wind turbine elements was combined with the Ainslie's eddy viscosity wake model to construct the simulation tool. The wind turbine model also includes an aerodynamic model that is a look up table of power and thrust coefficients with respect to the tip speed ratio and pitch angle of the wind turbine obtained by a commercial multi-body dynamics simulation tool. The wake model includes algorithms of superposition of multiple wakes and propagation based on Taylor's frozen turbulence assumption. Torque and pitch control algorithms were implemented in the simulation tool to perform max-Cp and power regulation control of the wind turbines. The simulation tool calculates wind speeds in the two-dimensional domain of the wind farm at the hub height of the wind turbines and yields power outputs from individual wind turbines. The NREL 5MW reference wind turbine was targeted as a wind turbine to obtain parameters for the simulation. To validate the simulation tool, a Danish offshore wind farm with 80 wind turbines was modelled and used to predict the power from the wind farm. A comparison of the prediction with the measured values available in literature showed that the results from the simulation program were fairly close to the measured results in literature except when the wind turbines are congruent with the wind direction.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.637-641
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• 1999

This study was carried out to understand feeding ecology of black rockfish, Sebastes inermis in the coastal waters off Shinsudo, Sachon. The specimens were collected by angling, gill net, small danish seine, and long-bag net from February 1984 to May 1985. The fish consisted of 5 age groups from 0 to 4. Feeding activity was more intensive in the early morning and late afternoon in spring and summer, but the fish showed intermittent feeding activities in autumn and winter. Although the food items of the fish changed slightly by seasons and with growth of the fish, main food items were cope pods, gammarids, caprellids, carideans, polychaetes, and brachyurans. Of these food items, cope pods were major preys for the fish of age group 0, and gammarids over age group 1. Evenness and diversity of the food items increased as the fish grew. In consideration of feeding organs, digestive organs and stomach contents of the fish, S. inermis seemed to be not only carnivore but also visual feeder consuming mainly small crustaceans.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.33-64
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• 2015

World Wide Views (WWViews) on Climate and Energy was an experiment of public deliberation which was held in 77 countries with over 10,000 global citizens on June 6, 2015. The coordinator of this project (the Danish Board of Technology with Missions Publiques and the French National Commission for Public Debate) developed the overal procedure, and local partners implemented the actual events in each country on the same day. The coordinator gathered the results of the events from all local sites in order to submit them as global citizens' voice to the COP21 negotiations at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris. This study examines the extent to which such new method of WWViews, standardized at global level to be implemented in different local contexts, achieves its quality of public deliberation (representativeness, transparency, impartial inclusion, deliberativeness, influence) by evaluating the Korean WWViews held in Seoul.