• 제목/요약/키워드: Damp-heat environment

검색결과 5건 처리시간 0.019초

Enhancement of Electrical Properties on ZnO: Al Thin Film due to Hydrogen Annealing and SiO2 Coating in Damp-heat Environment

  • Chen, Hao;Jeong, Yun-Hwan;Park, Choon-Bae
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
    • /
    • 제10권2호
    • /
    • pp.58-61
    • /
    • 2009
  • The electrical stability of ZnO: Al thin films deposited on glass substrate by the RF magnetron sputtering method have been modified by a hydrogen annealing treatment and $SiO_2$ protection layer. AZO thin films were deposited at room temperature and different RF powers of 50, 100, 150, and 200 W to optimize the AZO film growth condition. The lowest value of resistivity of $9.44{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cm$ was obtained at 2 mtorr, room temperature, and a power level of 150 W. Then, the AZO thin films were annealed at $250-400^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in hydrogen ambient. The minimum resistivity obtained was $8.32{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cm$ as-annealed at $300^{\circ}C$. The electrical properties were enhanced by the hydrogen annealing treatment. After a 72 h damp-heat treatment in harsh conditions of a water steam at $110^{\circ}C$ for four representative samples, a degradation of electrical properties was observed. The sample of hydrogen-annealed AZO thin films with $SiO_2$ protection layer showed a slight degradation ratio(17%) of electrical properties and a preferable transmittance of 90%. The electrical stability of AZO thin films had been modified by hydrogen annealing treatment and $SiO_2$ protection layer.

실리콘 태양전지 모듈의 two-mode failure 모델의 연구 (A Study of Two-Mode Failure Model for Crystalline Si Photovoltaic Module)

  • 최기영;오원욱;강병준;김영도;탁성주;김동환
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
    • /
    • pp.62.2-62.2
    • /
    • 2011
  • To guarantee 20-25 years to the lifetime of the PV modules without failure, reliability test of the module is very important. Field-aged test of the outdoor environment is required. However, due to time constraints, accelerated testing is required to predict the lifetime of PV modules and find causes of failure. Failure is caused by many complex phenomena. In this study, we experimented two accelerated tests about corrosion and fatigue, respectively. First, temperature cycling test for fatigue were tested and Coffin-Manson equation was analyzed. Second, damp heat test for corrosion were tested and Eyring equation were analyzed. Finally, using two-mode failure model, we suggest a new lifetime model that analyze the phenomenon by combining two kinds of data.

  • PDF

담결석(膽結石)의 한의학적(韓醫學的) 문헌적고찰(文獻的考察) (A Oriental Medical study on the Gallstone therapeutics)

  • 김명동;박용인
    • 동의생리학회지
    • /
    • 제14권2호통권20호
    • /
    • pp.23-41
    • /
    • 1999
  • The disease of cholelith is common world widely. As life expectancy gets extended and life environment and dietary life change, increased to gallstone in Korea. On the case that elimination surgery is inapplicable and for the aged patients. recently the dissolution therapy of cholelith is studied world widely. From the view of oriental medicine, the causes of gallstone, treatment methods and the effects of therapy are as follows ; 1. The attack of gallstone is by the stagnation and disturbance of qi in the body. 2. The causes of gallstone are classified into three types. 1).The type of stagnation of qi. 2).The type of damp-heat. 3).The type of noxious heat. 3. The treatment effect is high in the damp-heat type. 4. Medical treatment of gallstone, considering the function of the intestines, are lithodialysis and removol of gallstone, soothing the liver and regulating the cerculation of qi, clearing away heat and elininating dampness. 5. The dissolution therapy of gallstone effected to the size within the diameter of 1.5cm 6. Through the oriental medicine therapy, besides excretion and dissolution of gallstone, the interval extention and elimination of spasm, the prevention of relapse and aftere effect are to be expected. The study which can improve the treatment rate of cholelith through the combination therapy of oriental and western is needed and deep study on oriental medicine diagnostic and classification according to the observation based on symptoms is necessary.

  • PDF

외부환경적 가속시혐에 의한 PV모듈의 열화성능 분석 (Analysis of Photovoltaic module's Phenomena of aging with Acceleration Test)

  • 강기환;김경수;박지홍;유권종;안형근;한득영
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
    • /
    • pp.1151-1152
    • /
    • 2006
  • In this paper, we examined 10 domestic samples of three different model using thermal, humidity freeze, thermal-endurance and damp heat test under IEC61215 photovoltaic module environmental endurance test condition. Three was almost no changes on power generation. Insulation resistance capacity was much higher than judgement standard but, showed unstable results depending on environmental test items. On external appearance test, there were two models which showed bubble, humidity penetration, seal melted frame phenomenon. From this results, the degree of aging under the external environment is a main cause that shortens photovoltaic module life time. So it is considered that the efforts for finding optimum condition of manufacturing process should be needed.

  • PDF

동의보감(東醫寶鑑)에 나타난 습사(濕邪)의 특징 증상에 대한 고찰(考察) (Study for the characteristic symptoms of Dampness in Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑))

  • 정현종
    • 대한한의진단학회지
    • /
    • 제17권2호
    • /
    • pp.90-111
    • /
    • 2013
  • Objectives Migratory pathogenic factor(六淫) occupies an important position in the etiology of Korean Medicine. This paper shows how Dampness, one of Migratory pathogenic factor(六淫), is explained in Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑). And, based on this, we will figure out how to make a judgement of Dampness through diagnosis. Method 1. Collect parts of Dampness mentioned in Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑). 2. From the collection, extract contents about mechanism and symptom of Dampness, which is considered necessary for diagnosis. 3. Put all the extraction together, suggest the diagnosis element which can be criteria of judgement of Dampness through diagnosis. Result & Conclusions The occurrence of Dampness come from a wet climate and environment externally, and overeating of greasy food and digestive disorder internally. There are many different kinds of symptoms throughout the body cause of poor circulation. Dampness is classed as Cold-dampness, Damp-heat, and Dampness-phlegm depending on characteristic symptoms, and mainly shows musculoskeletal disease and digestive troubles. Typical symptoms are pitting edema, distention and fullness, moderate and thready pulse, volume of perspiration increase, loose feces, urine volume decrease, pain of joint and muscle, restriction of movement, etc.