• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2000

Purpose : To introduce arthroscopic partial meniscectomy fur bucket handle tear of medial meniscus using posteromedial portal, which is superior to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy using standard anterior portals commonly used. Method : After arthroscopic examination of the knee, we reduce the torn meniscus, advance the arthroscope into posteromedial compartment under arthroscopic visualization, we make posteromedial portal with reexamination of the compartment and perform arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Conclusion : With the technique of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy using standard anterior portals, accurate partial meniscectomy can not be done because of inadequate visual field, associated meniscal injuries of posterior horn and cartilage lesion of posterior aspect of the medial femoral condyle can be missed, commonly posterior cruciate ligament can be injured and artificial damage to weight bearing surface of medial femoral condyle is possible. An arthroscopic partial meniscectomy using posteromedial portal is an excellent method fur bucket handle tear of medial meniscus.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 2018

Background: Nasal fracture and orbital blowout fracture often occur concurrently in cases of midface blunt trauma. Generally, these multiple fractures treatment is surgery, and typically, the nasal bone and orbit are operated on separately. However, we have found that utilizing a transconjunctival approach in patients with concurrent nasal bone fracture and orbital blowout fracture is a useful method. Methods: The participants in the present study included 33 patients who visited the Plastic Surgery outpatient department between March 2014 and March 2017 and underwent surgery for nasal fracture and orbital blowout fracture. We assessed patients' and doctors' satisfaction with surgical outcomes after indirect open reduction via a transconjunctival approach for the treatment of nasal bone fracture with associated orbital blowout fracture. Results: According to the satisfaction scores, both patients and doctors were satisfied with transconjunctival approach. Conclusion: We presented here that our method enables simultaneous operation of nasal fracture accompanied by orbital blowout fracture, rather than treating the two fractures separately, and it allows precise reduction of the nasal fracture by direct visualization of the fracture site without any additional incisions or difficult surgical techniques. Also, by preventing the use of excessive force during reduction, this method can minimize damage to the nasal mucosa, thereby reducing the incidence of nasal bleeding.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.300-310
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• 2016

Pathogen infection in plants induces complex responses ranging from gene expression to metabolic processes in infected plants. In spite of many studies on biotic stress-related changes in host plants, little is known about the metabolic and phenotypic responses of the host plants to Pseudomonas cichorii infection based on image-based analysis. To investigate alterations in tomato plants according to disease severity, we inoculated plants with different cell densities of P. cichorii using dipping and syringe infiltration methods. High-dose inocula (${\geq}10^6cfu/ml$) induced evident necrotic lesions within one day that corresponded to bacterial growth in the infected tissues. Among the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters analyzed, changes in quantum yield of PSII (${\Phi}PSII$) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) preceded the appearance of visible symptoms, but maximum quantum efficiency of PSII ($F_v/F_m$) was altered well after symptom development. Visible/near infrared and chlorophyll fluorescence hyperspectral images detected changes before symptom appearance at low-density inoculation. The results of this study indicate that the P. cichorii infection severity can be detected by chlorophyll fluorescence assay and hyperspectral images prior to the onset of visible symptoms, indicating the feasibility of early detection of diseases. However, to detect disease development by hyperspectral imaging, more detailed protocols and analyses are necessary. Taken together, change in chlorophyll fluorescence is a good parameter for early detection of P. cichorii infection in tomato plants. In addition, image-based visualization of infection severity before visual damage appearance will contribute to effective management of plant diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2010

Stage costumes are characterized by the importance as a medium of total visual expression on a synthetic art and need to be designed more effectively. This study followed the stage costumes of the play 'Long long time ago whuo-ee whuoee' which participated in the China-Japan-Korea University Theatre Festival. By consisting of the framework of a Korean story that tells and expands the visual expression province by the access method of a producer, the unique costume in the play was created by the dyeing of the traditional hangi. First, the use of hanji in theater represents originality and a fresh variation with the formative beauty of stage costumes in accordance with hanji that conforms to the recreation of tradition. Second, the dip dyeing technique made it possible to express colors limitlessly and the airbrush dyeing technique along with dyeing twice could account for the weak points of the color. As a result, the color brought effect as expected. Third, the weak points were supported by a Jumchi technique that created the fibroid material tangled with stronger adhesion in the creation of a hangi costume. In addition, dyed hangi was attached to the outer fabric. It allowed the costume to have a unique texture that was both soft and tough. This enforced the visualization of the costume and durability to prevent possible damage by the performers. Forth, pieces of hanji were attached to the damaged parts of the costume after re-visiting the dress rehearsal. As a result, the stage costumes represented the shabby clothes that express the social class of the characters. A new understanding of the excellence of traditional hanji was found and confirmed the possibility of it as a material for stage costumes through the study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 2020

The economic growth rate and the urban population of the Vietnam are steadily increasing. As a result, the size of the Vietnam's construction market for infrastructure development is expected to increase. However, Vietnam is adopting PPP(Public-Private Partnership) to solve this problem because the government lacks the financial and administrative capacity for infrastructure development. PPP is a business that lasts more than 10 years, so risk management is very important because it can be a long term damage in case of business failure. This study proposes a self-organization map (SOM) for analyzing the impact of risk factors and determining the priority of them. SOM is a visualization analysis method that analyzes the inherent correlation through the color pattern of each factor.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.46.1-46.12
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• 2023

Background: Heartworm infection in dogs is caused by Dirofilaria immitis and common in shelter animals and outdoors dogs. Caval syndrome can develop with severe infection and physical heartworm removal is essential with heartworm burdens. In this study, we used an improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush, which was expected to cause less cardiovascular damage and allow easier manipulation. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate efficacy of this improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush. Methods: The brush was designed to improve upon the limitations of the previous brush-type devices. The brush was made of a polyvinyl chloride tube and threads of polyamides or polyglyconates. Metal material was inserted at the front tip for easy visualization under fluoroscopy. The eight dogs diagnosed with caval syndrome with large numbers of heartworms and pulmonary hypertension were used in this study. The removal procedure began with the dissection of the subcutaneous tissue around the right jugular vein. The device was inserted through the jugular vein. After insertion, the tube was rotated to catch the heartworms and extracted with the heartworms hanging on the threads. The procedure was repeated several times. Lastly, jugular vein and skin sutures were made. Adulticidal therapy was administered after heartworm removal. Results: The mean number of removed heartworms was 10.5 ± 4.24 and mean number of remaining heartworms was 0.63 ± 1.06. Total procedure time was 72.63 ± 51.36. Except for three cases, heartworms were not detected on ultrasonography after the procedure. No procedure-related side effects were observed within the 1- to 2-mon. Conclusions: An improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush is efficient for heartworm removal in dogs with caval syndrome.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.268-276
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• 2010

Earthquake Hazard Mitigation Law was activated into force on March 2009. By the law, the obligation to monitor the effect of earthquake on the facilities was extended to many organizations such as gas company and local governments. Based on the estimation of National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the number of free-surface acceleration stations would be expanded to more than 400. The advent of internet protocol and the more simplified operation have allowed the quick and easy installation of seismic stations. In addition, the dynamic range of seismic instruments has been continuously improved enough to evaluate damage intensity and to alert alarm directly for earthquake hazard mitigation. For direct visualization of damage intensity and area, Real Time Intensity COlor Mapping (RTICOM) is explained in detail. RTICOM would be used to retrieve the essential information for damage evaluation, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA). Destructive earthquake damage is usually due to surface waves which just follow S wave. The peak amplitude of surface wave would be pre-estimated from the amplitude and frequency content of first arrival P wave. Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system is conventionally defined to estimate local magnitude from P wave. The status of EEW is reviewed and the application of EEW to Odesan earthquake is exampled with ShakeMap in order to make clear its appearance. In the sense of rapidity, the earthquake announcement of Korea Meteorological Agency (KMA) might be dramatically improved by the adaption of EEW. In order to realize hazard mitigation, EEW should be applied to the local crucial facilities such as nuclear power plants and fragile semi-conduct plant. The distributed EEW is introduced with the application example of Uljin earthquake. Not only Nation-wide but also locally distributed EEW applications, all relevant information is needed to be shared in real time. The plan of extension of Korea Integrated Seismic System (KISS) is briefly explained in order to future cooperation of data sharing and utilization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1269-1276
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• 2015

The mission capability of tank depends on its survivability. The survivability is ability for protection and tolerance by damage from threats. To improve the survivability of tank, we need an effectiveness analysis for loss of components, and accomplish performance enhancement using the result of analysis. In this paper, we develop a survivability analysis system for tank based on the importance. The importance numerically represents weight of each component which consisting of whole tank, also the importance is basic method of quantitative survivability analysis. To do this, we assign weight values to each component of tank, compose a weight tree, apply the importance calculation equation, and analyze the survivability of tank. Also we develop the system that consists of component structuralization and weight value setting program and survivability analysis and visualization program, and evaluate the system using implemented 3D CAD models of components of tank. The developed system apply to arrangement components.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.13-18
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• 2010

Purpose : Diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) allows the visualization of fiber tract damage in patients with cerebral infarction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between degree of NIH stoke scale and fractional anisotropy (FA) in patient with cerebral infarction. Material and Methods : 16 patients aged 36~77 years(male : 11, female : 5, mean age : 61y), diagnosed cerebral infarction by diffusion weighted imaging(DWI), underwent 24 directional diffusion tensor imaging(DTI). Patients had the DTI taken within 3days of stroke onset. Comparison of DWI, FA value on DTI were measured infarcted area and counter part of specific region of interest (ROI). And evaluation of differences between clinically improved patient group (n=9) and unimproved patient group (n=7) until 2 week follow up after development of cerebral infarction. Clinical status was scaled by NIH stroke scale. Results : Quantitative measurements of FA confirmed statistically the significant diffusion changes in the infarct compared with the matched-counter part region. In DWI, the infarcted area shows high signal intensity, however FA value on DTI was lower than normal brain parenchyma. The FA value of clinically improved patient by NIH stroke scale was 0.49, and the value of contralateral normal brain parenchyma was 0.41. On the contrary, FA value of infarcted area shows about 15% lower than normal brain parenchyma. But, the FA value of unimproved patient by NIH stroke scale represents a half those of contralateral normal brain parenchyma (0.28 on infarcted area vs. 0.56 on normal brain parenchyma). So, the FA value of unimproved patient group was considerably less than those of improved. Conclusion : It is concluded that the unimproved patient group after cerebral infarction showed much less FA value than that of normal brain parenchyma. The FA value of DTI may be one of the useful parameter to predict outcome of cerebral infarction patients.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2021

Cancer is a global health problem. There are diverse types of cancers, but there are several common pathways which lead to the development of cancer. Changes in gene expression might be the most common similarity found in almost all cancers. An understanding of the underlying changes in gene expression during cancer progression could lay a valuable foundation for the development of cancer therapeutics and even cancer vaccines. In this study, a well-known carcinogen, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), was employed to induce changes in gene expression in normal stomach cells. MNNG is known to cause cancer by inducing damage to DNA in MNNG-treated mammalian cells and animals fed with this carcinogen. An analysis was performed by comparing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by MNNG treatment with DEGs in stomach cancer cell lines. To this end, methods of analysis for functional categorization and protein-protein interaction networks, such as gene ontology (GO), the database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomics (KEGG) and search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING), were used. As a result of these analyses, MNNG-regulated specific genes and interaction networks of their protein products that contributed to stomach cancer were identified.