• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 2021

In this study, the method of determining the state of grid points in the adaptable surface particle method based on grid system developed as a free-surface tracing method was improved. The adaptable surface particle method is a method of determining the state of the grid point according to the shape of the free-surface and obtaining the intersection of the given free-surface and grid line where the state of the grid point changes. It is difficult to determine the state of grid points in the event of rapid flow, such as collision or separation of free-surfaces, and this study suggests a method for determining the state of current grid points using the state of surrounding grid points where the state of grid point are known. A grid layer value was assigned sequentially to a grid away from the free-surface, centering on the boundary cell where the free-surface exists, to identify the connection information that the grid was separated from the free-surface, and to determine the state of the grid point sequentially from a grid away from the free-surface to a grid close to the free-surface. To verify the improved method, a numerical analysis was made on the problem of dam break in which a sudden collision of free-surface occurred and the results were compared, and the results were relatively reasonable.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.515-526
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• 2021

The frequency of typhoons and torrential rainfalls has increased due to climate change, and the concurrent risk of breakage of dams and reservoirs has increased due to structural aging. To cope with the risk of dam breakage, a more accurate emergency action plan (EAP) must be established, and more advanced technology must be developed for the prediction of flooding. Hence, the present study proposes a method for establishing a more effective EAP by performing flood and inundation analyses using one- and two-dimensional models. The probable maximum flood (PMF) under the condition of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) was calculated for the target area, namely the Gyeong-cheon reservoir watershed. The breakage scenario of the Gyeong-cheon reservoir was then built up, and breakage simulations were conducted using the dam-break flood forecasting (DAMBRK) model. The results of the outflow analysis at the main locations were used as the basis for the one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) flood inundation analyses using the watershed modeling system (WMS) and the FLUvial Modeling ENgine (FLUMEN), respectively. The maximum inundation area between the Daehari-cheon confluence and the Naeseong-cheon location was compared for each model. The 1D flood inundation analysis gave an area of 21.3 km², and the 2D flood inundation analysis gave an area of 21.9 km². Although these results indicate an insignificant difference of 0.6 km² in the inundation area between the two models, it should be noted that one of the main locations (namely, the Yonggung-myeon Administrative and Welfare Center) was not inundated in the 1D (WMS) model but inundated in the 2D (FLUMEN) model.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.675-682
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• 2010

The flood impact pressure acting on a vertical wall resulting from a dam-breaking problem is simulated using a navier-Stokes(N-S) solver. The N-S solver uses Eulerian Finite Volume Method(FVM) along with Volume Of Fluid(VOF) method for 2-D incompressible free surface flows. A Split Lagrangian Advection(SLA) scheme for VOF method is implemented in this paper. The SLA scheme is developed based on an algorithm of Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation(PLIC). The coupling between the continuity and momentum equations is affected by using a well-known Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations (SIMPLE) algorithm. Several two-dimensional numerical simulations of the dam-breaking problem are presented to validate the accuracy and demonstrate the capability of the present algorithm. The significance of the time step and grid resolution are also discussed. The computational results are compared with experimental data and with computations by other numerical methods. The results showed a favorable agreement of water impact pressure as well as the global fluid motion.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2016

The DAMBRK is applied to Janghyeon and Dongmak reservoirs in Namdaecheon basin, where two reservoirs were failed due to Typhoon Rusa in 2002. Relaxation scheme is added to DAMBRK to consider the tributary cross-section because two reservoirs are in tributary valleys. In addition, this study suggests the method to utilize the reservoir breach formation time of ASDSO (2005) and empirical formulas for peak break outflow from dam to reduce the uncertainty of reservoir breach formulation time. The single break of Janghyeon reservoir and consecutive break of Janghyeon and Dongmak reservoirs with the suggested method are considered. While the breach discharge from reservoirs rushes down, the discharge and water surface elevation along the river are predicted, and the predictions show the attenuation phenomena of reservoir break floodwave. The applicability of the model is validated by comparing the predicted height with field surveyed data, and showing good agreements between predictions and measurements.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.521-526
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• 2006

We have studied the possibility of removing Anabaena macrospora by injecting copper sulfate ($CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$) into the raw water of a drinking water purification plant. Anabaena macrospora caused the unpleasant geosmin odor of drinking water in August 2001. The cell break-point of A. macrospora was 0.3 mg/L of $CuSO_4$. We were able to reduce the standing crops of A. macrospora effectively because $CuSO_4$ could break A. macrospora selectively. Because 0.3 mg/L of $CuSO_4$ could break both cells and akinetes, it reduced the possibility of a recurrent problem for them to meet a favorable condition. When $CuSO_4$ was injected in the early growth phase of algae and the mixing intensity was high, A. macrospora could be removed most effectively. The odor caused by A. macrospora was sustained for a while without any sudden change of environmental condition. Therefore, we hope that it could shorten the period of obstacle by injecting the optimal amount of 0.3 mg/L of $CuSO_4$. The water quality, alkalinity, conductivity, hardness and pH didn't changed by the injection of $CuSO_4$.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• v.8
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• pp.31-40
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• 1997

Flow carrying capacity of water distribution systems is getting reduced by deterioration of pipes in the systems. The objective of this paper is to present a managerial decision-making model for the rehabilitation of water distribution systems with a mininum cost. The decisions made by the model also satisfy the requirements for discharge and pressure at demanding nodes in the systems. Replacement cost, pipe break repair cost, and pumping cost are considered in the economic evaluation of the decision along with the break rate and the interest rate to determine the optimal replacement time for each pipe. Then, the hydraulic integrity of the water distribution system is checked for the decision by a pipe network simulator, KYPIPE, if discharge and pressure requirements are satisfied. In case the system does not satisfy the hydraulic requirements, the decision made for the optimal replacement time is revised until the requirments are satisfied. The model is well applied to an existing water distribution system, the Seoul Metropolitan Water Supply System (1st Phase). The results show that the decisions for the replacement time determined by the economic analysis are accepted as optimal and hydraulic integrity of the system is in good condition.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.85-101
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• 2020

The optimal parameters for the fluid-structure interaction analysis using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) for fluids and finite elements for structures, respectively, are explored, and the effectiveness of the simulations with those parameters is validated by solving several open surface fluid problems. For the optimization of the Equation of State (EOS) and the simulation parameters such as the time step, initial particle spacing, and smoothing length factor, a dam-break problem and deflection of an elastic plate is selected, and the least squares analysis is performed on the simulation results. With the optimal values of the pivotal parameters, the accuracy of the simulation is validated by calculating the exerted force on a moving solid column in the open surface fluid. Overall, the SPH-FEM coupled simulation is very effective to calculate the fluid-structure interaction. However, the relevant parameters should be carefully selected to obtain accurate results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.105-108
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 저수지 붕괴에 대한 하류부 홍수추적을 단순하도와 실제하도의 구분하여 적용하였다. 먼저 단순하도에 대해서는 1차원 동역학적 모형인 DAMBRK 모형과 HEC-RAS 모형을 적용하여 결과를 비교해 보았으며, 실제하도에 대해서는 2002년 태풍 루사에 의해 붕괴된 남대천 유역의 장현 및 동막저수지의 실제 붕괴양상에 대하여 DAMBRK 모형을 이용하여 홍수범람해석을 수행하였다. 태풍 루사시의 저수지 유입량 자료와 붕괴 형상자료를 이용하여 실제 붕괴상황을 재현함으로써, 붕괴유출수문곡선을 유도하고 하류부에 대한 홍수량의 감쇠특성과 지점별 홍수위 변동특성을 해석하였으며, 지점별 유량수문곡선, 최고홍수량, 그리고, 치고수위 등의 모의결과를 나타내었다. 그리고 분석된 결과를 토대로 현장에서 실제 조사된 홍수범위와 침수위와의 검증을 실시하였으며, 최대 홍수범람도를 GIS를 이용하여 2차원 및 3차원의 형태로 가시화하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.169-173
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 RANS를 지배방정식으로 하는 3차원 수치모의를 통해 댐 붕괴로 인한 3차원적인 흐름 특징이 지배하는 댐 직하류에서 고립된 장애물로 인한 댐 붕괴파의 전파현상과 이동상 수로에서의 붕괴파의 전파현상, 특히 붕괴파의 비정상성과 불연속성, 붕괴파와 반사파의 영향, 상류 및 사류의 흐름의 혼재와 같은 복잡한 현상을 포함하는 붕괴파의 전파를 해석하였다. 장애물로 인한 댐 붕괴파의 전파 해석 결과, 댐의 순간적인 붕괴로 인해 붕괴파가 형성되고 붕괴파가 장애물에 부딪치면 반사파가 발생하며 이는 다시 수로에 부딪치며 반사되는 과정에서 사류와 상류 및 도수현상이 발생하는 복잡한 흐름 양상을 보인다. 이동상 수로에서의 댐붕괴파 해석 결과 붕괴파 전파는 고정상 수로에서의 붕괴파 전파에 비해 그 전파속도가 느리게 형성되었다. 기존 수리실험 결과와 비교 하였을 때 본 모의결과는 국부적인 수면진동의 모의에서 다소 오차가 발생하고 있으나 대체로 그 경향성은 잘 추적하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07b
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• pp.1021-1023
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• 2000

This paper presents the preventive measure and the cause for field coils breaking away from the rotor, which lately occurred when No.1 hydro generator was operating in Chung-Ju Dam No.2 Hydro Power Station. In findings, we ascertained the truth of contact between rotor rim and field coils, and think that field coils will break away from the rotor because of mechanical stress according as continuous operation after completion. 1985. Therefore, we conclude that the preventive measure for such a phenomenon is that stopper should be installed between rotor rim and field coils, and bolts should be tightened because of operating characteristic however there are not the design standards for installing stopper in generator rotor internationally.