• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.345-350
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in daily surface temperature of red pepper leaf compared to air and soil surface temperature. The maximum, minimum and average daily temperatures of red pepper leaf were 27.80, 11.40 and $19.01^{\circ}C$, respectively, which were lower by 0.10, 7.60 and $3.86^{\circ}C$ than air temperature, respectively, and lower by 15.00, 0.0 and $4.38^{\circ}C$ than soil surface temperature, respectively. Mean deviations of the difference between measured and estimated temperature by the E&E Model (Eom & Eom, 2013) for the air and surface temperature of red pepper leaf and soil were 0.64, 1.82 and $4.77^{\circ}C$, respectively. The relationships between measured and estimated scaled factor of the air and surface temperature of red pepper leaf and soil were very close to the 1:1 line. Difference between air and surface temperature of red pepper leaf showed a linear decreasing function with the surface temperature of red pepper leaf. Difference between soil surface temperature and air and surface temperature of red pepper leaf linearly increased with the soil surface temperature.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.171-183
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• 2005

In order to monitor the global terrestrial carbon cycle, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) provides 8-day GPP images by use of satellite remote-sensing reflectance data from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) at l-km nadir spatial resolution since December, 1999. MODIS GPP algorithm adopts DAO (Data Assimilation Office) meteorological data to calculate daily GPP. By evaluating reliability of DAO data with respect to surface weather station data, we examined the effect of errors from DAO data on MODIS GPP estimation in the Korean Peninsula from 2001 to 2003. Our analyses showed that DAO data underestimated daily average temperature, daily minimum temperature, and daily vapor pressure deficity (VPD), but overestimated daily shortwave radiation during the study period. Each meteorological variable resulted in different spatial patterns of error distribution across the Korean Peninsula. In MODIS GPP estimation, DAO data resulted in overestimation of GPP by $25\%$ for all biome types but up to $40\%$ for forest biomes, the major biome type in the Korean Peninsula. MODIS GPP was more sensitive to errors in solar radiation and VPD than in temperatures. Our results indicate that more reliable gridded meteorological data than DAO data are necessary for satisfactory estimation of MODIS GPP in the Korean Peninsula.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.262-269
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• 2002

환경오염에 대한 우려가 증가하면서 청정 채소의 요구도 높아지는 추세이며, 최근 양액재배를 통하여 저농약 및 저화학비료 작물 생산에 대한 관심도 증가하고 있다. 특히 주로 잎을 생식하는 상추를 포함한 쌈 채소류는 농약이나 중금속에 오염되었을 경우 인체에 미치는 영향이 심각하고, 다른 작물에 비해 생육속도가 빠르기 때문에 그 흡수량 또한 급속히 일어난다. (중략)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.304-307
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• 1997

Rectal temperature (Tr), skin surface temperatures (Ts), and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously from birth (day 1) till day 7, while resting heat production (HP) was measured in a chamber on days 1, 3, 5 and 7, in order to study the characteristic variation of Tr in newborn calves by heat balance methods. Despite constant levels of milk being given to the newborn calves each day, daily mean resting HP was lowest on the day of birth, then increased to peak on day 3 and then decreased slightly thereafter. Daily mean HR was higher on days 2, 3 and 4, than on other days. Tr exhibited diurnal rhythms and daily mean Tr was low on day 1, high on day 3, and then decreased slightly after day 3. Daily average mean skin temperature (mTs) was similar on all days. Mean body temperature (Tb) exhibited diurnal rhythms and had a similar range between days, suggesting that heat balance and thermoregulation were carried out effectively on each day. The variation of Tb appeared to be synchronized with that of HP and suggested that newborn calves might use variations in the levels of Tb to facilitate the body's required levels of heart loss.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.465-491
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• 2012

Climate change, a result of increasing global warming, has been receiving more public attention due to its serious impact upon many industries. In this study we consider sustainable- (Green-) Growth and Green-Finance, and in particular temperature derivatives, as appropriately active responses to the world's significant climate change trends. We characterize the daily average temperatures in Seoul, South Korea with their seasonal properties and cycles of error terms. We form forecasting models and perform Monte Carlo simulations, and find that the risk-neutral values for CDD call-options and HDD put-options have risen since 1960s, which implies that the trend of temperature increase can be quantified in the financial markets. Contrary to the existing models, the Vasicek model with the explicit consideration of cycles in the error terms suggests that the significant option-values for the CDD call -options above certain exercise prices, implying that there is the possibility of explicit hedging against the considerable and stable increase in temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.66-71
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• 2011

This study focused on the application of the Passive Solar Chamber System (PSCS) as proposed by a previous study. The seasonal performance and sizing method for the system were investigated for a feasibility of the PSCS in Korean climate. For seasonal performance, heat and ventilation performances of the PSCS were analyzed for the months of January and August. This study proposed a simple configuration method in which the designer can decide on the system size at the preliminary design stage by using system efficiency, overall heat transfer coefficient transmission, monthly solar radiation, highest and lowest temperatures. During weeks that require heating, the system showed to acquire a daily average heat amount of $860.28Wh/m^2$ day. For cooling periods, the system was computed to supply a daily average natural ventilation of $1,360.2m^3/day$ to the room. Moreover, proposed sizing method and the overall computation results showed a 6.04~7.24% error of assessment.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2016

Background: The photosynthetic efficiency cool-season, semi-shade ginseng is normal at low morning temperatures, but drops at high afternoon temperatures. Therefore, optimal plant performance would be ensured if it were possible to control daily light transmission rates (LTR). Methods and Results: Plants were grown in a controlled light environment that replicated 11 AM conditions and comparatively analyzed against plant grown under normal conditions. Growth in the controlled light environment resulted in a 2.81 fold increase in photosynthetic efficiency with no change in chlorophyll content, although LTR were high due to low morning temperatures. Increased aerial plant growth was observed in the ginseng plants adapted to the controlled light environment, which in turn influenced root weight. An 81% increase in fresh root weight (33.3 g per plant on average) was observed in 4-year-old ginseng plants grown in controlled light environment compared to the plants grown following conventional practices (18.4 g per plant on average). With regard to the inorganic composition of leaves of 4-year-old ginseng plants grown in controlled light environment, an increased in Fe content was observed, while Mn and Zn content decreased, and total ginsenoside content of roots increased 2.37 fold. Conclusions: Growth of ginseng under a favorable light environment, such as the condition which exist naturally at 11 AM and are suitable for the plant's photosynthetic activity creates the possibility of large scale production, excellent-quality ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.251-261
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• 1994

This study was conducted to get some basic information about rice plant development rate and heading ecology in various climatic conditions, growing nine varieties at three locations, Jinbu as the mountainous cool area, Suweon and Iri as the plain area for two years from 1987 to 1988. Average daily air temperature and day length from transplanting to heading date were analyzed in relation to the heading. Heading date and development rate of each variety were estimated by the Symplex method and the fitness of the model was evaluated. The results obtained as follows: Average daily air temperatures among varieties during the period from transplanting to heading ranged from 18 to $19^{\circ}C$ in Jinbu, from 22.5 to $23.5^{\circ}C$ in Suweon, and from 23.5 to $24.5^{\circ}C$ in Iri, the late-maturing varieties requiring the higher temperatures. The average heading days were about 20 days longer in Jinbu and $3{\sim}5$ days shorter in Iri than those in Suweon in all varieties. Little differences in accumulated temperature from transplanting to heading were observed in regions and years, and also among varieties. Developmental stages could be expressed as the accumulation of daily development rate and the predicted heading dates by the Symplex method were similar to the observed ones. The development rate of each variety varies with air temperatures. The early maturing Japonica types including the Unbong variety were fast in development rate at lower temperatures, but the late-maturing varieties of the Japonica type were late. A model to predict the heading dates of rice varieties by the Symplex method using air temperatures and day lengths was feasible.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.225-230
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• 2020

The KBO League is held over a long period of time due to the large number of games. Also, Korea has a diverse and distinct climate. Therefore, this study analyzed the relationship between the daily average temperature and the record of batting power such as home runs, triples, doubles, number of bases, batting percentage, and net batting percentage, and a third baseball record was defined. For this study, the correlation between the daily average temperature data and the batter who entered the standard at-bat in the KBO League in 2019 was analyzed through the SEMMA method. From the results of this study, it was found that the average daily temperature had an effect on a batter's hitting power. In particular, it was found that a batter's hitting power decreased on the day of temperatures recorded between 20.0 degrees and 24.9 degrees, and it was discussed that this may have been related to the physical condition of the pitcher the batter was facing. Therefore, it can be expected that players, coaching staff, and the front desk can use them in the game through conditions outside the game. In addition, it is expected that it will be a more useful analysis model by analyzing the records of pitching, base running, and defense as well as subsequent batting records.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the developmental characteristics of Propylea japonica Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and its consumption of Myzus persicae nymphs at 3 constant temperatures (20.0, 25.0 and $30.0^{\circ}C$; $60{\pm}5%$ relative humidity; 14 h light : 10 h dark). The longevity of adult female P. japonica under 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$ was 134.0, 101.0 and 55.2 days, respectively. The total fecundity was 508.6, 875.6, and 383.4 eggs during its life span, respectively. The longevity of adult male P. japonica under 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$ was 128.8, 97.8, and 46.5 days, respectively. Average daily consumption of adult M. persicae by 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar P. japonica at $25^{\circ}C$ was 2.2, 7.3, 14.5, and 29.1, respectively. The average daily number of M. persicae consumed by male and female P. japonica over their lifetimes was 35.0 and 42.9, respectively. Average daily consumption of adult Aphis gossypii by 1st-4th instar P. japonica at $25^{\circ}C$ was 2.2, 7.5, 13.9, and 29.5, respectively. The average daily number of A. gossypii consumed by male and female P. japonica over their lifetimes was 37.0 and 40.8, respectively.