• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the cognitive improvement and memory recovery effects of Korean and Chinese Crataegus pinnatifida ethanolic extracts on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. In vivo studies were carried out with mice treated with Korean Crataegus pinnatifida extracts (KCF) and Chinese Crataegus pinnatifida extracts (CCF) in doses of 5 and 50 mg/kg (p.o.) and scopolamine was injected 30 min before the behavioral testing. Antioxidant activity was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition by Ellman's modified method. The chlorogenic acid and hyperoside as marker compounds of KCF and CCF was quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis (UPLC). Results showed that KCF was more contained high content of chlorogenic acid and hyperoside than CCF. In addition, KCF was more exerted free radical (DPPH and ABTS) scavenging activity and blocked AChE activity than CCF. In vivo studies also showed that KCF administration has a further improved the memory of scopolamine-treated mice than CCF in Y-maze test, passive avoidance test and Morris water maze test. These results revealed that KCF more prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairments through antioxidant and acethylcholinesterase inhibition effect compared CCF.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.336-339
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• 2005

Common thistle contains water-soluble substances that are antioxidative to foods. Antioxidant activities measured by DPPH method for the ground samples were the greatest in leaves, although was less than that of commonly used antioxidants, BHT and ascorbic acid. Methanol extracts and fractions from Xanthium occidentale plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity, in vitro test. The extracts from leaves showed the strongest antioxidant activity. DPPH scavenging activity of the individual fraction was in order of n-butanol>water>ethyl acetate>n-hexane fraction. By means of HPLC analysis, leaf samples of Xanthium occidentale had the highest amount of phenolic compounds, related with antioxidant activity, and followed by stems and roots. Total content of these antioxidant phenolic com­pounds for leaves extracts were detected in water fraction (36.7 mg 100 $g^{-1}$) as the greatest amount, especially chlorogenic acid (39.4 mg 100 $g^{-1}$) was the greatest component. These results suggest that Xanthium occidentale plants had potent antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant part and fraction.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated maximum yield of radical scavenging activity (RSA) using each of various extraction solvents and procedure from noni friut (Morinda citrifolia). Noni fruits were either sun-dried (FS) or hot-air dried (FO) at $60^{\circ}C$ after steam blanching. For optimum aqueous extraction, noni fruits should be sun dried and autoclave extraction time should not be over 30 min to produce extraction with high RSA with low cost. In case of 50% ethanol extraction, reflux extracts of FS and FO resulted in $IC_{50}$ of 1.92 mg/mL and 3.06 mg/mL at 8 hr. When $IC_{50}$ values were lower than 5 mg/mL, coefficient of correlation was 0.71 indicating that 71% of the phenolic antioxidants in noni fruits were accounted for the activity by scavenging free DPPH. However, coefficient of correlation significantly decreased to 0.63 over $IC_{50}$ values of 5 mg/mL. Autoclave extraction contained chlorogenic acid of $14.69 \;{\mu}g/mL$ and scopoletin of $3.86 \;{\mu}g/mL$. Reflux extraction showed all three compounds, chlorogenic acid ($26.19 \;{\mu}g/mL$), quercetin ($19.59 \;{\mu}g/mL$), and scopoletin ($17.4 \;{\mu}g/mL$). Therefore, the result of this study indicated that the potential antioxidant activities and functional values were obtained significantly with reflux extraction from noni fruit.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2007

Effects of Oplopanax elatus have known to various pharmaceutical therapies. However, chemical prosperities in the plant are rarely investigated. In order to detect biological activity, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of five fractions from methanolic extracts in each part of O. elatus. Also, contents of polyphenols and polysaccharides were measured. Five fractions were of sub-fractions using n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol, and water from methanolic extracts. Ethylacetate and n-butanol fractions from stem and root exhibited strong antioxidant activity and high total phenolics content. On the HPLC analysis, ten free phenolics, including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-cou maric acid, ferulic acid, naringin, hesperidin, quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid, were identified from the fractions and were shown to different quantitative proportions. Furthermore, ethylacetate and n-butanol fraction had the highest amount of chlorogenic acids, one of the cinnamic acid derivatives possessing pharmacological properties. These results indicated that the fractions of O. elatus, as well as methanolic extracts, could be used as natural antioxidative ingredients.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1998

Antioxodative substances in Mulberry leaves were examined. Antioxidative substances in Mulberry leaves were extracted by 80% methanol agueous solution. Antioxidative activity of extract was determined by examining hydrogen donating ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the inhibitory effect on the formation of the peroxide from Linoleic acid in the test tube at $50^{\circ}C$. Antioxidative substance were, then, separated and indentified by thin layer chromatography(TLC), UV-Vis spectrum and High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) methods. Hydrogen donating ability on DPPH and antioxidative ability on linoleic acid of the extracted antioxidative substance were higher than those of 100ppm butylated hydroxy toluene(BHT). The extracted antioxidative substances were separated by TLC using ethylacetate : chloroform : formic acid : water(8 : 1 : 1 : 1 v/v) as a solvent, and a spot at Rf=0.35 was detected. The spot was scraped from the plate, and extrated by methanol. The extract was analyzed by UV-Vis spetra and HPLC, and chlorogenic acid was identified as a antioxidative substance.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2008

오가피는 건강보조식품, 식품이나 화장품 등의 첨가제로 좋은 약재로 평가되고 있다. 그러나 오가피의 연구의 대부분은 가온 용매추출이나 열수추출을 통한 유효성분의 추출과 생리활성 연구에 치중되어 있다. 따라서 온도 및 추출용매를 조절하여 추출하고 Diaion HP2O 분획을 통한 유효성분의 함량 및 항산화활성에 대하여 연구하였다. 오가피추출물은 열에 불안정하여 갈변현상을 보이므로 상온추출 및 냉온추출하는 것of 좋으며, 에탄올 함량별로 추출시 주 활성성분인 chlorogenic acid의 함량을 보면 100% 정제수 및 100% 에탄올의 단일 용매 추출보다 에탄올수용액을 사용하여 추출시 chlorogenic acid의 함량이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 에탄올수용액에서의 chlorogenic acid의 함량은 유사하므로 농축시간을 고려하여 70$\sim$85% 에탄올수용액으로 추출하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. 최적화된 조건에서 추출된 오가피추출물은 Diaion HP2O column chromatography를 이용하여 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% 에탄올수용액으로 분획 후, 각 분획층의 주 활성성분 합량과 항산화효과를 확인하였다. 10% 및 20% 에탄올 수용액층은 chlorogenic acid가 주 구성성분이었으며, 40% 에탄올 수용액층은 caffeic acid 및 eleutheroside E가 주 구성성분임을 알 수 있었다. Chlorogenic acid와 caffeic acid 함량이 높은 20% 및 40% 에탄올수용액 분획층에서 우수한 DPPH와 superoxide radical에 대한 소거효과를 나타내었다. DPPH radical 소거효과에서 20% 및 40% 에탄올수용액 분획층은 각각 $IC_{50}$ 값이 $1.748{\pm}0.098{\mu}g/ml$, $11.487{\pm}1.768{\mu}g/ml$을 나타내었으며, Superoxide radical 소거효과에서는 $131.491{\pm}2.235{\mu}g/ml$, $200.681{\pm}2.444{\mu}g/ml$로 양성 대조군으로 사용한 ascorbic acid와 동등하거나 dl-$\alpha$-tocopherol보다 우수한 항산화효과를 보였다. 각 분획층의 항산화효과를 미루어 볼 때, 20% 및 40%의 주 구성성분을 조합하여 오가피추출물을 제조하면 더욱 우수한 소재로 개발할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 본 기술연구소에서는 최적화된 조건에서 추출된 오가피추출물 및 Diaion HP2O 분획물을 이용하여 B16 melanoma 세포에서의 멜라닌 생성저해 효과를 연구하여 새로운 미백제를 개발 중에 있으며, 건강보조식품, 기능성 향장품소재 등으로의 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2019

Background: The Ministry of Environment, Korea recognizes Cotoneaster wilsonii Nakai as a second-class endangered plant. It is a native species that grows in Ulleung-do, Korea. To our knowledge, the bioactivity of this plant has not yet been reported. Therefore, in this study, we have reported the bioactivity of C. wilsonii Nakai. Methods and Results: The anti-oxidant activities of C. wilsonii methanolic extract were investigated in vitro. The anti-oxidant activity was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay, and the total phenolic and flavonoid content were measured. The leaf methanolic extract had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$; $15.74{\mu}g/m{\ell}$), and it also had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content ($220.95mg{\cdot}GAE/g$, and $36.46mg{\cdot}QE/g$ extract respectively). Through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, chlorogenic acid was found to be the predominant among all phenolic compounds, showing a concentration of 84.24 mg/g extract. More than 60% decrease in nitric oxide (NO) production was found in the leaf methanolic extract. Conclusions: To the best of our knowldege, this is the first report of the bioactivities of C. wilsonii. The results demonstrate that the leaf methanolic extract of C. wilsonii shows potent anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.517-524
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• 2011

뽕나무(Morus alba L.) 열매 오디로부터 오디주스 및 오디와인 제조 중 부산물로 얻어지는 오디씨를 기능성식품 및 화장품의 신소재로 사용하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 먼저 오디씨로부터 11가지 폴리페놀화합물을 분리 및 동정하였으며, 아울러 그들의 항산화활성과 품종별 함량을 측정하였다. 먼저 탈지오디씨박의 메탄올추출물을 노르말-헥산으로 탈지한 후 디클로로메탄, 에틸아세테이트 및 노르말-부탄올로 용매분획하고, 이중 항산화활성이 강한 에틸아세테이트 분획물을 silica-gel, Sephadex LH-20 및 ODS-A column chromatography를 순차적으로 실시하여 11가지 폴리페놀 화합물을 각각 순수하게 분리 및 정제하였으며, 그들의 화학 구조를 NMR을 이용하여 동정하였다. 오디씨로부터 분리한 11가지 폴리페놀화합물의 항산화활성을 DPPH radical을 이용하여 측정한 결과, rutin($IC_{50}=20.2\;{\mu}M$)이 가장 강한 항산화활성을 나타내었으며, 그 다음으로 isoquercitrin ($IC_{50}=22.5\;{\mu}M$)> quercitrin($IC_{50}=24.6\;{\mu}M$)> quercetin($IC_{50}=27.8\;{\mu}M$)> (+)-dihydroquercetin($IC_{50}=28.9\;{\mu}M$)> chlorogenic acid($IC_{50}=30.6\;{\mu}M$) 순으로 나타내었다. 반면, (+)-dihydrokaempferol($IC_{50}=33.8\;{\mu}M$), trans-resveratrol($IC_{50}=36.2\;{\mu}M$), moracin($IC_{50}=47.6\;{\mu}M$) 및 4-prenylmoracin($IC_{50}=48.2\;{\mu}M$)은 위의 폴리페놀화합물보다 낮은 항산화활성을 나타내었으며, procatechuic acid($IC_{50}=68.2\;{\mu}M$)는 가장 낮은 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 한편, 3가지 뽕나무 품종별 오디씨의 11가지 폴리페놀화합물의 함량을 측정한 결과, rutin이 31.1~60.0 mg/100 g으로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 quercitrin(7.2~34.2 mg/100 g)> dihydroquercetin(13.2~33.1 mg/100 g)> quercetin(15.8~19.5 mg/100 g)> 4-prenylmor acin(10.5~43.3 mg/100 g)> isoquercitrin(5.8~15.4 mg/100g)> chlorogenic acid(0.0~15.3 mg/100 g)> moracin(4.7~7.2 mg/100 g)> procatechuic acid(0.0~11.6 mg/100 g) 순으로 낮게 나타났으며, (+)-dihydrokaempferol 및 transresveratrol의 함량은 미량(< 0.1 mg/100 g)으로 나타났다. 또한, 3가지 품종 중 대성뽕 오디씨는 폴리페놀화합물 중 rutin 및 quercetin 유도체의 함량이 높았으며, 반면 익수뽕 오디씨는 procatechuic 및 chlorogenic acid의 함량이 높았고, 특히 moracin 및 4-prenylmoracin의 함량이 다른 오디품종에 비해 높았으나, 반면 청일뽕은 3가지 품종 중 폴리페놀화합물의 함량이 가장 낮았다. 따라서 오디씨는 항산화성 폴리페놀화합물을 많이 함유하고 있기 때문에 암, 고혈압, 당뇨 및 노화를 예방하는 기능성식품 및 화장품의 신소재로 널리 활용할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.237-241
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• 2002

Polyphenoloxidase activity (PPO) in the leaves of Erechitites hieracifolia was estimated by Warburg's manometric method. The emzyme was most reactive toward chlorogenic acid followed by caffeic acid. Diethyldithiocarbamate and potassium cyanide were shown powerful inhibition rate to the polyphenoloxidase from the leaves of Erechitites hieracifolia. We confirmed antioxidant activity of the leaves of Erechitites hieracifolia by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Electrophorectic isoenzyme banding patterns of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were observed by native PAGE. The correlation of PPO and antioxidant enzymes is not investigated yet. That is need to further study.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1216-1220
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• 2003

밤꽃의 항산화효과를 측정하기 위해 밤꽃의 수꽃을 수집하여 메탄올로 추출한 후 추출물의 항산화 효과를 측정하였다. 밤꽃 조추출물의 추출수율은 6.26% 였으며, 총 페놀함량은 0.199 mg/mL 인 것으로 나타났다. DPPH법으로 free radical 소거능을 측정한 결과 밤꽃 추출물이 17.22%로 기존의 항산화제에 비해서는 소거능이 다소 낮은 것으로 측정되었다. SOD 유사활성 측정은 밤꽃 추출물이 65.10%로 BHT(95.70%)와 quercetin(93.29%)에 비해 낮았지만, ascorbic acid(30.30%) 보다는 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Lecithin 산화저해율은 밤꽃 추출물이 51.45%, BHT(67.08%), quercetin(63.46%), ascorbic acid(23.60%), chlorogenic acid(48.76%), tannic acid(50.10%)로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과 밤꽃 추출물이 DPPH free radical 소거능에서 기존 항산화제에 비해 낮은 활성을 나타냈지만, 시간경과에 따른 활성의 지속성과 50% 이상의 지질과산화 억제효과가 있어 천연항산화제로서의 가능성이 충분히 있는 것으로 추정된다.