• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06d
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• pp.193-195
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• 2006

애드 혹 네트워크에 있어서 브로드캐스팅을 실현 시 전달 메시지가 과중하게 중복 발생하는 것을 줄이기 위해 메시지를 수신하고 전달하는 역할을 맡는 전달 노드들을 in-fly 형태로 지정하도록 하는 기법 중 가장 실용적인 것으로는 PDP(Partial Dominant Pruning) 기법을 들 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 PDP를 확장 하여 방향성 안테나를 이용하는 애드 혹 네트워크에 있어서 전달 노드들의 수는 물론, 이때 수반되는 안테나 요소 수를 동시에 줄이도록 하는 확장된 DPDP (Directional PDP) 기법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 사용 안테나 요소 수(K)가 증가함에 따라 선정되는 전달 노드의 수는 전 방향 안테나를 사용하는 경우에 비해 다소 증가하지만 평균 전달 비용과 노드별 메시지 중복 수신 수에서는 PDP 기법에 비해 우수함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Radiological Technologist Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.104-114
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• 2001

Ⅰ. Purpose : To evaluate the diagnostic value of Mn-DPDP for the detection of focal hepatic lesions on MR images and to determine the optimal pulse sequence to maximize its effect. Ⅱ. Material and Methods : Twenty-eight patients(6 women and 22 men, aged f

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

Purpose : To determine the usefulness of additional Mn-DPDP MRI for preoperative evaluation of the patients with colorectal cancers by comparison of dual-phase CT scan, Mn-DPDP enhanced MRI and combination of CT and MRI. Materials and Methods : Fifty-three colorectal cancer patients with 92 metastatic nodules underwent dualphase (arterial and portal) helical CT scan and Mn-DPDP MRI prior to surgery. The indication of MRI was presence or suspected of having metastatic lesions at CT scan and/or increased serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels (10 ng/mL or more). The diagnosis was established by the combination of findings at surgery, intraoperative ultrasonography, and histopathologic examination. Two radiologists interpreted CT, MRI, and combination of CT-MRI at discrete sessions and evaluated each lesion for location, size, and intrinsic characteristics. The lesions were divided into three groups according to their diameter; 1cm<, 1-2 cm, and >2 cm. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the alternative-free response receiver operating characteristic method. Detection and false positive rate were also evaluated. Results : In the lesions smaller than 1 cm, detection rate of combined CT-MRI was superior to CT or MRI alone (82%, p=0.036). The mean accuracy (Az values) of combined CT and MRI was significantly higher than that of CT in the lesions smaller than 2 cm (1 cm<, p=0.034; 1-2 cm, p=0.045). However, there was no significant difference between MRI and combined CT-MRI. The false positive rate of CT was higher than those of combined CT-MR in the lesions smaller than 1 cm (28%, p=0.023). Conclusion : Additional MRI using Mn-DPDP besides routine CT scan was helpful in differentiating the hepatic lesions (<2 cm) and could improve detection of the small hepatic metastases (<1 cm) from colorectal carcinoma.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 2007

Partial dominant pruning(PDP) is regarded as the most practical scheme, reducing redundant messages arisen in broadcasting over ad hoc networks, in such a way that only part of nodes are allowed to forward the received broadcast message. In this paper we propose an extend PDP version called DPDP(directional PDP) such that it reduces not only the number of selected forward nodes, but also the number of antenna elements deployed by the forward nodes. It turns out through simulation that as the number of antenna elements increases, the number of selected forward nodes by DPDP slightly outnumbers that obtained using PDP but both the number of antenna elements deployed by the forward nodes and the redundancy ratio of the received message per node always outperform respectively those given by PDP.

• Journal of The Korean Radiological Technologist Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.294-294
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.109-109
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.130-130
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• 2002

Purpose： To evaluate the liver enhancement pattern of MR images obtained after administration of manganese phthalocyanine (MnPC), which is a newly developed macromolecular MR contrast agent, In experimentally implanted VX2 tumor of rabbits and compare with G4-DTPA and Mn-DPDP.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1744-1765
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• 2014

A client stores data in the cloud and uses remote data checking (RDC) schemes to check the integrity of the data. The client can detect the corruption of the data using RDC schemes. Recently, robust RDC schemes have integrated forward error-correcting codes (FECs) to ensure the integrity of data while enabling dynamic update operations. Thus, minor data corruption can be recovered by FECs, whereas major data corruption can be detected by spot-checking techniques. However, this requires high communication overhead for dynamic update, because a small update may require the client to download an entire file. The Variable Length Constraint Group (VLCG) scheme overcomes this disadvantage by downloading the RS-encoded parity data for update instead of the entire file. Despite this, it needs to download all the parity data for any minor update. In this paper, we propose an improved RDC scheme in which the communication overhead can be reduced by downloading only a part of the parity data for update while simultaneously ensuring the integrity of the data. Efficiency and security analysis show that the proposed scheme enhances efficiency without any security degradation.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2003

To evaluate whether mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imagingimproves the detection and characterization of small (2 cm) hepatic lesions in patients with colorectal carcinoma, compared with spiral CT.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2004

Purpose : To measure the NMR relaxation properties of MnPC, to observe the characteristics of liver enhancement patterns on MR images in experimentally implanted rabbit VX2 tumor model, and to estimate the possibility of tissue specific contrast agent for MnPC in comparison with the hepatobiliary agent. Materials and Methods : Phthalocyanine (PC) was chelated with paramagnetic ions, manganese (Mn). 2.01 g (5.2 mmol) of phthalocyanine was mixed with 0.37 g (1.4 nlmol) of Mn chloride at $310^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours and then purified by chromatography ($CHCl_3:\;CH_3OH=98:2$, volume ratio) to obtain 1.04 g $(46\%)$ of MnPC (molecular weight = 2000 daltons). The T1/T2 relaxivity (R1/R2) for MnPC were determined at a 1.5 T (64 MHz) MR spectrometer. VX2 tumor model was experimentally implanted in the liver parenchyma of rabbits. All MR studies were performed on 1.5 T. The human extremity radio frequency coil of a bird cage type was employed. MR images were acquired at 17 to 24 days after VX2 carcinoma implantation.4 mmol/kg MnPC and 0.01 mmol/kg Mn-DPDP were injected via the ear vein of rabbits. T1-weighted images were obtained with spin-echo (TR/TE=516/14 msec) and fast multiplanar spoiled gradient recalled (TR/TE : 80/4 msec, $60^{\circ}$ flip angle) pulse sequence. Fast spin-echo (TR/TE=1200/85 msec) was used to obtain the T2-weighted images. Results : The value of T1/T2 relaxivity (R1/R2) of MnPC was $7.28\;mM^{-1}S^{-1}$ and $55.56\;mM^{-1}S^{-1}$ respectively at 1.5 T (64 MHz). Because the T2 relaxivity of MnPC that bonded strongly, covalently manganese with phthalocyanine was very high, the signal intensity of liver parenchyma was decreased on postcontrast T2-weighted images and we could easily distinguish the VX2 carcinoma within the liver parenchyma. When MnPC was administrated intravenously, the tumor margin delineation was more remarkable than Mn-DPDP-enhanced images. The enhancement of liver parenchyma with MnPC persisted at relatively high levels over at least one hour after injection of the contrast agents. Conclusion : The hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of MnPC, which are similar to Mn-DPDP, suggest that this agent is a new liver-specific agent. Also, MnPC seems to be used as a dual contrast agent (T1 and T2) with high T2 relaxivity. However, it is warranted that MnPC needs further investigation as a potential contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver. That is, further characterizations of MnPC are needed in vivo and in vitro before clinical trials. The diagnostic potential of MnPC will also have to be examined more in the animal models of additional types.